introduction to computer submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m abhijeet.g ankit.j abhay.j sec:a pgdm sem...

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Introduction to computer

Submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m

Abhijeet.g Ankit.j

abhay.j


CONTENT

• WHAT IS COMPUTER?• WHY COMPUTER?• COMPUTER COMPONENT• DATA & INFORMATION• INPUT DEVICES• OUTPUT DEVICES• TYPES OF COMPUTER


WHAT IS COMPUTER ?

• A computer is an electronic machine or device executing the instruction in a program .

• A computer can accept data, manipulate or process the data, produce result, and store the results.

COMPUTER


What is computer ?

• A computer is an automatic electronic apparatus used for making calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terminology.

• In other words a computer is defined as a electronic device used to carry out mathematical and non- mathematical operations with the help of the programs.


Contd……………….

A program is a sequence of instruction which

operates on data to perform certain task.


Why computer ?

Today we are living in the age of MACHINE AND TIME. When we work manually, it takes a lot of time and in order to save this time we need computers.

To save time & better performance.To avoid errors/mistakes.To get the output as hardcopy(print out) and

soft copy in desired format.


cont

To store huge amount of data easily & conveniently.

To establish a fast communication of data/ information.

To minimize the redundancy of data.


Computer component

Output devices

Output devices Input devices

Storage unit

System unit


DATA &INFORMATION

Data

Computer

+program

Information

•Data Raw facts, figures and symbols.

•Information organized,meaningful,and more useful


Input devices

To get data and instructions into the computer.

• Keyboard• Mouse• Micro phone(audio data)• PC camera(video data)• Scanner(image input)


Output devices

Monitor

Printer

Speaker


monitor

• Monitor : It is a piece of electronic equipment which display images generated by computer devices.

• Classification of monitor based on colourI. Monochrome II. Gray scaleIII. Colour.


Contd………………….

• Based on signals:I. Digital monitor

ex : score board in cricket matchII. Analog monitor ex: monitor based on CRT

technology.


printer

• Impact printer: Impact printer use the familiar

typewriter approach which cause hammer or pins to strike against a ribbon and paper to print the text, type of impact printer are

I. character printersII. Line printer


Contd………

• Non impact printer: These printer use non-

impact technology such as ink-jet or laser technology. These printer provides better quality of output at higher speed , type of non-impact printer are

I. Character printerII. Page printer


Types of computer

According to data processing

mode/logic/manufacturing principle

Analog

DigitalHybrid


According to the data processing

mode/logic/manufacturing principle


.

Analog computer:- These computer are used for measuring

purpose rather than counting. Analog computers deal with continuous data. They are used for measurement of a physical quantity. The output readings of these computer are generally on dials or graphs.


• Analog computer process physical data to mathematical equations.

• They are mostly used for differential equations.

• The accuracy of analog computer is very high.• Example:- In petrol pump, Automobile

speedometers.


Digital computers:-

• Digital computers operates on discrete data values. These values are countable instead of measurable

• Digital computer performs each and every operations in the form of binary words(string of zeros and ones).

• These are high speed programmable electronic devices that perform arithmetical, logical operations and store the results.


Cont…………….

• Digital computer are most widely used computer in the world.

• Example: personal computers(pc) score board in the cricket match.


TYPES OF DIGITAL COMPUTER:

• General purpose digital computers: ex: Accounting banking, payroll.

• Special purpose digital computers: ex: American atomic submarines.


HYBRID COMPUTERS:

• Digital computer are made by combining the best features of digital computers as well as analog computer.

• The digital computer gives better accuracy and analog computer gives better speed, therefore the hybrid computer includes both features, speed and accuracy.


Contd………….

• These computers are extensively used for those applications in which the input is received in analog form from various resources and converted in to digital form for further processing.

• Example: In the ICU, of a hospital


types of computer

According to size/function/

cost

Micro

Mini

Mainframe

Super


ACCORDING TO SIZE\FUNCTION\COST


MICRO COMPUTER

• A micro computer is the cheapest and the smallest of all the computers.

• A micro computer has a microprocessor chip as its CPU, these microprocessor are programmed at the time of manufacturing and are connected to the peripheral devices.


CONTD……………..

• A microprocessor is a digital device which has millions of logical circuit, these circuit are made up of transistors these transistors are mounted on very thin semiconductor silicon chips


MINI COMPUTER

• Mini computer are general purpose computers whose storage capacity is more than micro computer.

• In size these are larger than microcomputer but smaller than mainframe computer.

• Mini computer are generally used where large number of people have to work on different terminals having same job, such as statistical analysis, telephone or electricity billing.

• Some example of mini computers are HONEYWELL,PDPII/70.


MAINFRAME COMPUTER

• Mainframe computer are also called as mini computer. These are very large computers in size.

• The memory size of these computer is 16GB or even more.

• The cost of mainframe computers varies from 10lahks to crores.

• Some organizations where the mainframe computer are installed are IITs, BHEL etc.


Super computer

• Super computer also known as maxi computer.• These computer are the most sophisticated

machines used for special purpose applications such as weather forecasting, missile, atomic experiments.

• The speed of super computer is measured in billions instructions per seconds(BIPS).

• Super computer contains a number of CPUs which operates in parallel to make it faster.


THANK YOU

introduction to computer submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m abhijeet.g ankit.j abhay.j sec:a pgdm sem...

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