introduction to information systems · also-called executive information systems (eis) a type of...
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Introduction to Information Systems
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Data, Information and Knowledge
How do “Information” differ from “Data”?
There is also things such as “Knowledge”. How are they related?
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Data, Information and Knowledge
Data InformationTransformation Process
(selecting, organizing, manipulating)
Knowledge
Practical Use
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Translating Data to Information
Grouping
Lebelling
Sorting
Graphing
Statistics
Etc.
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Data
In Out Customer Order Income
1600 1631 1 M 1 Chocolate 20.-
1612 1625 1 F 1 M 2 Strawberry, 1 Coconut 60.-
1615 1725 4 M 2 Chocolate, 1 Lemon, 2 Strawberry, 1 Banana
105.-
1659 1734 1 F 3 Coconut 60.-
1708 1812 2 F 1 M 1 Chocolate, 1 Vanilla, 1 Coffee
60.-
1722 1751 1 F 2 M 3 Coffee, 1 Wafer 70.-
1723 1749 1 M 1 Coconut, 1 Chocolate, 2 Strawberry
80.-
1730 1815 1 M 2 Vanilla 40.-
2201 2240 1 M 1 Coffee 20.-
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Information
Customers
12 Male - 5 Female
Peak period
1600-1815
Income
515.-
Payment
300.-
Financial statistics 1 day + 10%
1 week + 20%
1 month + 20%
Popular menu Strawberry - 6 (7, 2, 4, 6, 8)
Vanilla - 6 (10, 5, 8, 7, 6)
Chocolate - 5 (4, 7, 4, 5, 5) Coconut - 5 (6, 2, 9, 6, 7)
Unpopular menu Lemon - 1 (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
Guava - 0 (0, 0, 1, 1, 0) Red bean - 0 (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
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Knowledge
Promote and stock more strawberry and chocolate
Terminate guava, red bean and lemon menu
Change closing time to 1900
Replace the male staff
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System
A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals
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Components of A System
Inputs
Processing mechanisms
Outputs
Feedback
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Concept of A System
Input Output
Processing
Feedback
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Performance of A System
Efficiency
Proportion of outputs and inputs
Effectiveness
Achievement of objectives
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Performance of A System
F D C B A
Class 1
F D C B A
Class 2
F D C B A
Class 3
Efficiency – OKEffectiveness – OK
Efficiency – PoorEffectiveness – OK
Efficiency – GoodEffectiveness – ?
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Information Systems
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information, and provide feedback to meet an objective (Stair & Reynolds, 2010)
Complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and distribute data (Wikipedia, 2014)
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Components of An Information System
Inputs Gathering and capturing of raw data
Processing mechanisms Converting data into useful outputs
Outputs Useful information
Feedback Information that is used to make changes to the input and processing
components
Inputs Process Outputs
Feedback
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Concept of An Information System
Data InformationInformation System
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Components of Computer-Based Information Systems
Hardware
Software
People
Telecommunications
Databases
Procedures
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Development of Business Information Systems
TPSTransaction Processing System
MISManagementInformationSystem
DSSDecision SupportSystem
Specialized business informationsystems &ElectronicsCommerce&Inter-Organization information exchange systems
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Types of Internal Information Systems
ExecutiveSupportSystems(ESS, EIS)
OfficeAutomation
Systems(OAS)
DecisionSupportSystems
(DSS)
TransactionProcessing
Systems(TPS)
ManagementInformation
Systems(MIS)
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Types of Internal Information Systems
IS Inputs Processing Outputs Users
ESS Aggregate data,
External, internal
Graphics,
Simulation
Projections Senior management
DSS Low volume data,
Analytic models
Interactive,
Simulation
Special reports,
Decision analyses
Staff manager
MIS Transaction data,
High volume data
Routine report Summary,
Exception reports
Middle manager
OAS Office documents,
Schedule
Word processing,
Storage
Documents,
Schedule
Managers
TPS Transaction,
Events
Sorting,
Listing
Detail report,
List
Operation personnel
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Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
ระบบประมวลผลรายการเปลีย่นแปลง A software system, or software/hardware combination, that
supports transaction processing (Wikipedia, 2014)
Features Rapid response Reliability Inflexibility Controlled processing
Example Point-of-Sale Library loan
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TPS: Examples
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Office Automation Systems (OAS)
ระบบส านกังานอตัโนมตัิ Varied computer machinery and software used to
digitally create, collect, store, manipulate, and relay office information needed for accomplishing basic tasks (Wikipedia, 2014)
Example
Work flows
Project scheduling
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OAS: Examples
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Management Information Systems (MIS)
ระบบสารสนเทศเพือ่การจดัการ A system which provides information that
organizations require to manage themselves efficiently and effectively (Wikipedia, 2014)
Example
Flight information system
Student information system
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MIS: Examples
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Decision Support Systems (DSS)
ระบบสนบัสนุนเพือ่การตดัสินใจ A system that supports business or
organizational decision-making activities (Wikipedia, 2014)
Example
Price evaluation system
Potential drilling sites
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DSS Examples
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Executive Support Systems (ESS)
ระบบสนบัสนุนผู้บรหิารระดบัสงู Also-called Executive Information Systems (EIS)
A type of management information system that facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision-making needs (Wikipedia, 2014)
Example
Market and sales analysis system
A.C.M.E (Agent Call Monitoring & Evaluation)
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ESS: Examples
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Structure of An Information System
Source: http://blog.maia-intelligence.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/042908-1415-functionalm2.png
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Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
ระบบการวางแผนทรพัยากรองคก์ร
A business management software that a company can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities (Wikipedia, 2012)
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Examples of ERP Packages
Tier I SAP
Oracle
Microsoft Dynamics
Tier II Epicor
Sage
QAD
Ross
Tier III ABAS
Baan
SysproSource: Panorama Consulting Group, 2014,http://go.panorama-consulting.com/rs/panoramaconsulting/images/2014-Manufacturing-ERP-Report.pdf
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ERP Statistics
(See Panorama Consulting Group Report 2014)
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Costs of Implementing ERP Packages
Vendor Average Project Cost
Oracle $5.0 million
SAP $6.7 million
Microsoft Dynamics $1.8 million
Tier II $3.1 million
Tier III/Other $1.1 million
Source: Panorama Consulting Group, 2010http://panorama-consulting.com/Documents/2011-Guide-to-ERP-Systems-and-Vendors.pdf
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SAP Tryout!
SAP Online Configurator: https://www.sapconfigurator.com/sapcfg/build/index.html?lang=en&campaign=CRM-US08-HUB-TC_FSTWEB&cntry=us
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Specialized Business Information System
Knowledge Management System (KMS)
Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Computer system takes on characteristics of human intelligence
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Specialized Business Information System
Expert Systems
Give computer ability to make suggestions and function like an expert in a particular field
Virtual reality
Simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions
Augmented reality
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Electronics Commerce
Often called as “e-Commerce”, “eCommerce”, “e-comm” or “e-Business”.
Trading in products or services using computer networks, such as the Internet (Wikipedia, 2014)
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Information Systems in the Supply Chain
ACTIVITIES
Supplier
Internal Supply Chain
CustomerPurchasing Production Distribution
Raw materialsInbound logistics/
Warehouse/Storage
ProductionPacking/
Outbound logistics Customer service
INFORMATION SYSTEMSInbound tracking
system/Inventory control
system
Process control system
Automated packing and retrieval
system
Customer service tracking and control
systemSupplier database
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Functions of Information Systems in Logistics
Collaborative planning
Forecasting
Inventory management
Order management
Transport management
Etc.
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Challenges
Standards
Culture and language
Time and distance
Technology and infrastructure
Currency and exchange rates
Laws and legal aspects
Privacy, permission and confidentiality
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In-Class Assignment
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Critical Thinking
Form four groups
Discuss and criticize connections between the following challenges and information systems in Thailand
Three minutes presentation
Group 1 Laws
Group 2 Culture
Group 3 Infrastructure
Group 4 Language
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Assignment
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Information Engineering
Spilt into four groups.
Build a Facebook page with an objective of anything.
Promote your page. Aim for the highest likes as possible.
Present your strategy on 25 September 2014.