introduction to new zealand natural history part 2
TRANSCRIPT
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New Zealand Natural HistoryTourguiding.wordpress.com
New Zealand NaturalHistory
Part 2Flora and Fauna
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IMPORTANT…IMPORTANT…
Images you are about to see are some of our special places and their inhabitants many of which are ENDEMIC to New Zealand
- Features forming New Zealand’s National Parks and the UNESCO World Heritage Status
- Features which contribute to a booming tourism industry
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Before humans…Before humans…
• The New Zealand islands looked very different than today
• No mammals except a couple of bat species and the NZ Fur seal
• An abundance of birds, many flightless
• Large forested areas of prehistoric trees throughout the country
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Let’s take a closer look at the climate zones and at some of the native plants and animals that live
there today
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The Alpine Zone
Ice covered mountains
Glaciers
Wide open valleys
Braided rivers
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Aoraki Mount Cook
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Mountains & Alpine Valleys
Tussock grasses grow here
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600 species of Alpine Plants 600 species of Alpine Plants 93 % found 93 % found onlyonly in New Zealand in New Zealand
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Mount Cook Buttercup
the world’s largest buttercup
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Daisies and SpaniardsDaisies and Spaniardsspecially adapted for survivalspecially adapted for survival
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Miniature broomsMiniature brooms
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More buttercups, daisies and More buttercups, daisies and bristly carrotsbristly carrots
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Flightless Takahe lives in Alpine tussock
(One known population left in the wild)
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Kea - Worlds only Alpine ParrotKea - Worlds only Alpine Parrot(only in the South Island of New (only in the South Island of New
Zealand)Zealand)
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Invertebrates – food for birdsInvertebrates – food for birds
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The Temperate Forests
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Podocarp Forests
•Totara
•Kahikatea
•Matai
•Rimu
•Miro
A few precious remnants left
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Beech ForestsBeech Forestshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/33495997@N00/402696291/sizes/m/
Sliver
Red
Mountain
Black
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Kiwi!?Kiwi!?http://www.flickr.com/photos/76074333@N00/281832147/sizes/m/
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Karearea - New Zealand Falcon Karearea - New Zealand Falcon
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NZ Robin and giant native wormNZ Robin and giant native worm
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Tieke - SaddlebackTieke - Saddleback
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Kereru – New Zealand Wood Pigeon
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Rare Flightless Parrot KakapoRare Flightless Parrot Kakapo86 (+ about 5 new babies this year) 86 (+ about 5 new babies this year)
left in the worldleft in the world
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Harakeke – New Zealand Flax
an amazing resource
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Piwakawaka (Fantail) and TuiPiwakawaka (Fantail) and Tuihttp://www.flickr.com/photos/8611584@N06/2067358292/sizes/s/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mattbinns/2036385629/sizes/m/
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The Subtropical Forest
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Dense lush warm forest full of Dense lush warm forest full of diversitydiversity
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Ancient Ferns – from 100million Ancient Ferns – from 100million years agoyears ago
200 species, 40 endemic to New Zealand
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More ferns, orchids & mossesMore ferns, orchids & mosses
Koru
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Nikau Palm
New Zealand’s only true Palm species
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Kauri - Tane Mahuta Kauri - Tane Mahuta our biggest tree our biggest tree
http://www.flickr.com/photos/sassygagliardi/440514174/sizes/m/
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The Coastal Zone
Sand Dunes
Estuaries
Salt Marshes
Headlands
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Cormorants on a West Coast Beach
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Coastal Flowering Hebe
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Penguins and NZ Fur SealsPenguins and NZ Fur Sealshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/flissphil/232405333/sizes/m/
http://www.flickr.com/photos/littlebluepenguin/357091278/sizes/m/
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Today…Today…• Threats from introduced predators such as
possum, rabbit, stoat, cat , dog & rats
• Threats from development and industry
• Tremendous work being done by DOC and community groups on habitat restoration, species protection & pest control
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Further readingFurther reading
Nature Guide to the New Zealand Forest
by John Dawson and Rob Lucas
New Zealand Alpine Plants
by J T Salmon
Field Guide to Birds of New Zealand
by Heather, B and Robertson, H
www.doc.govt.nz Native Plants
Photo’s by Nicky Snoyink (otherwise stated)