introduction to nextgen relevance to taiwan 29 may 2008 the views, opinions and/or findings...

Introduction to NextIntroduction to NextGenGen

Relevance to TaiwaRelevance to Taiwann

29 May 2008

The views, opinions and/or findings contained in this report are those of The MITRE Corporation, and should not be construed as an official Government

position, policy, or decision, unless designated by other documentation.

2008 The MITRE Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

Presented to:Flight Safety Foundation- Taiwan, ROC

2

• Present US Mid-Term Operational Evolution–Technologies–Procedures

• Present Potential Safety Benefits of the OEP

• Identify Similarities to Taiwan Master Plan–New ATM, AIS, VCS –Potential ADS-B–Potential A-SMGCS (Surface Movement)

Overview

3

NextGen Integrated Plan and Concept of Operations

Meanwhile, In Taiwan…

Initiate Trajectory-Based

Operations

Increase Arrivals/Departures at

High Density Airports

Increase Flexibility in the

Terminal

Improve Collaborative ATM

Reduce Weather Impact

Increase Safety, Security, and

Environmental Performance

Transform Facilities

Initiate Trajectory-Based

Operations

Increase Arrivals/Departures at

High Density Airports

Increase Flexibility in the

Terminal

Improve Collaborative ATM

Reduce Weather Impact

Increase Safety, Security, and

Environmental Performance

Transform Facilities

OEP Path to NextGenOEP Path to NextGenImproved Trajectories and Surveillance

Increase Arrivals at HighDensity Airports

Improved Surface Movement Monitoring and Alerting

Initiate Collaborative ATM

Improved Alerting

Improve Airspace Management

Increase Safety, Security, andEnvironmental Performance

Improved Navigation and Pilot Situational Awareness

Improved Trajectories and Surveillance

Increase Arrivals at HighDensity Airports

Improved Surface Movement Monitoring and Alerting

Initiate Collaborative ATM

Improved Alerting

Improve Airspace Management

Increase Safety, Security, andEnvironmental Performance

Improved Navigation and Pilot Situational Awareness

Taiwan Master PlanTaiwan Master Plan

4

En Route

Transition

Terminal

• Automated, high-precision operations with procedurally separated RNP/RNAV routes

• Additional routes designed to increase flexibility, efficiency, and capacity

• Automated, high-precision operations with procedurally separated RNP/RNAV routes

• Additional routes designed to increase flexibility, efficiency, and capacity

• Automation detects all potential problems

• Controllers resolve problems with automated resolution assistance

• Problems are predicted and resolved strategically

• Data Communications

• Routine ATC tasks are automated

• Time-based metering to manage traffic at constrained resources

• Airspace designed to optimize service and productivity improvements

• Automation detects all potential problems

• Controllers resolve problems with automated resolution assistance

• Problems are predicted and resolved strategically

• Data Communications

• Routine ATC tasks are automated

• Time-based metering to manage traffic at constrained resources

• Airspace designed to optimize service and productivity improvements

• Automation assists with sequencing, merging, and spacing

• Integrated weather information with decision support tools

• Automation assists with sequencing, merging, and spacing

• Integrated weather information with decision support tools

• Use of probability of congestion and risk management

• Shared situational awareness with NAS users on action strategies

• Use of probability of congestion and risk management

• Shared situational awareness with NAS users on action strategies

TFM

Mid-Term ATM Concept

ATMS

MAESTRO

ATMS

ADS-BAISS

CDM

ATMS

ATMSCPDLC

ATMSAISS

ATMSAISS

ATMSGNSS

ATMSTFM

TFM

MAESTRO

5

Performance-Based ATM Concept ValidationHuman-in-the-Loop Experiments

• En Route Operational Team: Twelve Front Line Managers from three regions participated

• Terminal Operational Team: Nine Front Line Managers from three regions participated

6

En Route Concept ValidationHuman-In-The-Loop Experiments

• Validate concept feasibility and measure workload improvement

• Participants managed projected future traffic levels under: – A baseline condition

representing today’s NAS

– An enhanced condition representing P-ATM operations

7

En Route Concept Validation

Traffic Volume and Controller Workload

Sample Results (1): Baseline versus P-ATM OperationsSample Results (1): Baseline versus P-ATM Operations

1.1 1.3

0123456

7

Failures and Exceptions Severe Weather

WorkloadRating

WorkloadRating

Sample Results (2): P-ATM operations with full data communications equipage (handling 34 aircraft)

Sample Results (2): P-ATM operations with full data communications equipage (handling 34 aircraft)

8

Terminal Concept Validation

Human-in-the-Loop Experiments• Evaluated Atlanta,

Houston, and West Palm Beach TRACON operations

• Compared current operations with future Performance-Based ATM operations

• Combined positions

• Simulations at maximum airport capacity

TodayTodayFutureFuture

FinalFinal

FeederFeeder

One Position

One Position

Uncombined Position Traffic Level

Combined Position Traffic Level

9

Terminal Concept Validation

Controller Workload Results

• Controllers were able to manage greater levels of traffic with acceptable levels of workload

Large-Sized TRACON Operating Environment (A80)

Large-Sized TRACON Operating Environment (I90)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

Baseline Uncombined with Upsets

Baseline Combined with Upsets

P-ATM Combined with Upsets

Controller A Controller B (with upsets)

Mid-Sized TRACON Operating Environment (PBI)

Sample Results

10

• Participants deemed the Performance-Based ATM concept operationally viable– Is a critical step in accommodating the expected growth in traffic

and transitioning towards NextGen• Significant benefits can be achieved through the automation advan

cements and operational changes enabled by the Performance-Based ATM concept– Improved controller productivity

• More aircraft managed compared with baseline operations• Workload reduced dramatically

– Much less time spent on routine and complex tasks– Increased NAS customer efficiency in En Route airspace

• Changes to user-preferred flights plans minimized• More pilot requests granted

ADD SAFETY INFO PRONTO

En Route and Terminal Concept ValidationSummary of Results

11

Provide Interactive Flight Planning from Anywhere

Provide Interactive Flight Planning from Anywhere

Initiate Trajectory Based Operations 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 20132010 2014 2025

Trajectory Based AirspaceTrajectory Based Airspace

Flexible Airspace

Management

Flexible Airspace

Management

Increase Capacity and

Efficiency Using

RNAV/RNP


Efficiency Using

RNAV/RNP

Tactical Trajectory

Management

Tactical Trajectory

Management

Reduce Horizontal Separation Standards - 3 Miles

Reduce Horizontal Separation Standards - 3 Miles

NextGen Oceanic ProceduresNextGen Oceanic Procedures

Delegated Responsibility for Longitudinal SeparationDelegated Responsibility

for Longitudinal SeparationExpanded Conflict Resolution via Data

Communication

Expanded Conflict Resolution via Data

Communication

Oceanic Limited

Delegation of Separation

Oceanic Limited

Delegation of Separation

Oceanic 4-D Trajectory ManagementOceanic 4-D Trajectory Management

Initial Conflict Resolution via

Voice


VoiceAutomation Support

for Variable Separation

Automation Support for Variable Separation

ADS-B Separation

ADS-B Separation

Far-Term Capability

All OEP milestones contingenton pending budget decisions

(Initial Operating Capability targeted within the box)

Key:Near-Term Commitment

Mid-Term Capability2012-2018

Far-Term Capability





Capabilities Related to P-ATM Concept


*Source: FAA’s Operational Evolution Partnership Version 1.0

Use Aircraft-Provided Intent Data to Improve Conflict Resolution


Point in Space Metering


Potential Capabilities for Taiwan P-ATM







Voice


Voice


Communication


Communication


Efficiency Using

RNAV/RNP


Efficiency Using

RNAV/RNP

Tactical Trajectory

Management

Tactical Trajectory

Management

New ATMS + CPDLC CPDLC Equipage

New ATMS + ADS-B+ New A-SMGCS

New ATMS + CPDLC

ADS-B andCPDLC Equipage

CPDLC Equipage

New ATMS TFM Capabilities

New ATMS + ADS-B /GNSS + ADS-B Equipage

12

Moving Forward - US

• Performance-based ATM operations are described by a future end-to-end concept enabled by a portfolio of capabilities and significantly improve– En Route and Terminal Controller and Traffic Flow

Manager productivity

– NAS predictability, capacity, efficiency, safety

• Performance-ATM operations are enabled by– Procedure changes, automation

enhancements, data communications, other infrastructure improvements and role/responsibility changes

– Avionics improvements

– Net Result = Safety and Efficiency at Increased Traffic Levels

14

NextGen

Trajectory-Based Operations

Aircraft Data Communications

Performance-Based

Operations and Services

Separation Management

Collaborative ATM

Precision Navigation

Weather Integration

Surveillance Services

Network-Centric

Information Sharing

Performance-Based ATMPerformance-Based ATM

Trajectory-Based OperationsImproved flight intent

Improved/Integrated weather information

Enabled by Net-Centric

Infrastructure Services

Precision NavigationHigh-precision flight execution

Separation ManagementAutomation responsible for problem detection

Automated problem resolution

Data CommunicationsAutomated complex clearances

Downlink of Intent

Collaborative Strategic TFMImproved predictability

ERAM

TFM-M

STARS/ C-ARTS

RNP/ RNAV

Initial ADS-B

Initial SWIM

Airspace Management

Program

Current Programs

Mid-Term Path to NextGen

RNP/RNAV ExpansionPrecise Navigation

Data CommunicationsComplex Clearance Delivery

Flight Intent DownlinkUser Requests

ADS-BAircraft Separation

SWIMNet-Centric Information Sharing

Airspace RedesignOptimize Improvements

Procedures, Training

ERAM EnhancementsAutomated Problem Resolution

Integrated Controller Suite Data Communications Integration

TFM-M EnhancementsEnhanced Time-Based Metering

Probabilistic Prediction of Congestion Enhanced Departure Sequencing Tool

Automation for Collaboration with UsersAutomation for Generating/Executing

Flow Initiatives

STARS/C-ARTS EnhancementsMerging and Sequencing Tools

Route Adherence MonitoringData Communications Integration

Avionics Equipage/Flight Planning Systems

P-ATM PortfolioP-ATM Portfolio

15

NextGen

Trajectory-Based Operations

Aircraft Data Communications

Performance-Based

Operations and Services

Separation Management

Collaborative ATM

Precision Navigation

Weather Integration

Surveillance Services

Network-Centric

Information Sharing

Performance-Based ATMPerformance-Based ATM

Trajectory-Based OperationsImproved flight intent

Improved/Integrated weather information

Enabled by Net-Centric

Infrastructure Services

Precision NavigationHigh-precision flight execution

Separation ManagementAutomation responsible for problem detection

Automated problem resolution

Data CommunicationsAutomated complex clearances

Downlink of Intent

Collaborative Strategic TFMImproved predictability

ERAM

TFM-M

STARS/ C-ARTS

RNP/ RNAV

Initial ADS-B

Initial SWIM

Airspace Management

Program

Current Programs

Mid-Term Path for Taiwan

RNP/RNAV ExpansionPrecise Navigation

Data CommunicationsClearance Delivery

ADS-BSurveillance Accuracy + Availability

Improved Cockpit AwarenessPilot Intent to Automation

Surface Movement Enhancements(New A-SMGCS)

Airspace RedesignOptimize Improvements

Procedures, Training

ATM Enhancements(New ATMS - 2011)

Improved SurveillanceAutomated Problem DetectionRoute Adherence MonitoringIntegrated Controller Suite

Data Communications Integration

TFM-M Enhancements(New ATMS and New MAESTRO)

Prediction of Congestion of ResourcesNew Arrival Sequencing Tool

Collaboration with Users

Aeronautical Services Enhancements(New AISS - 2011)Online Flight Filing

Online PIBComplete Weather and NOTAM

Potential P-ATM CapabilitiesPotential P-ATM Capabilities

16

Increase Arrivals/Departures at High Density Airports OEP Solution

Set*2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 20132010 2014 2025

Optimize Runway AssignmentsOptimize Runway Assignments

Delegated Responsibility for Horizontal Separation

Delegated Responsibility for Horizontal Separation

Use Data Messaging To Provide Flow and Taxi Assignments

Use Data Messaging To Provide Flow and Taxi Assignments

Reduce Horizontal Separation Standards

- 3 Miles

Reduce Horizontal Separation Standards

- 3 Miles

Use Aircraft-Provided Intent Data to Improve Flow and Conflict Resolution

Use Aircraft-Provided Intent Data to Improve Flow and Conflict Resolution

Full Surface Traffic Management with Conformance Monitoring

Full Surface Traffic Management with Conformance Monitoring

Integrated Arr/Dep Management

Integrated Arr/Dep Management

Time-Based Metering Using RNAV/RNP route assignmentsTime-Based Metering Using

RNAV/RNP route assignments

Independent Operations to

CSPR

Independent Operations to

CSPR

Wake Vortex Incorporated into

Flow

Wake Vortex Incorporated into

Flow

Initial Surface Traffic Management

Initial Surface Traffic Management

Cockpit Based Landing Capacity

Cockpit Based Landing Capacity

Implement TMA

Implement En Route Time Based Metering Procedures

Far-Term Capability





Far-Term Capability





Northern California 3 Tier Airspace

Chicago Airspace

NY/NJ/PHL Metro Area Airspace

HAATS

Implement ASDE-X

CAVS at Louisville






17

Increase Flexibility in the Terminal Environment OEP Solution Set*2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 20132010 2014 2025

Provide Surface Situation to Aircraft Operators and Service Providers

Provide Surface Situation to Aircraft Operators and Service Providers

Use Continuous Descent Arrival Procedures

Use Continuous Descent Arrival Procedures

GBAS Precision Approaches

GBAS Precision Approaches

Wake Vortex Wind-Based Procedures

Wake Vortex Wind-Based Procedures

Enhanced Tower Data Link System with Coded Taxi

Route Clearance

Enhanced Tower Data Link System with Coded Taxi

Route ClearanceADS-B Services to Secondary AirportsADS-B Services to Secondary Airports

Expanded Traffic Advisory Services using Digital Traffic Data

Expanded Traffic Advisory Services using Digital Traffic Data

Provide Surface Situation to Pilots, Service Providers and Vehicle Operators for All

Weather Operations

Provide Surface Situation to Pilots, Service Providers and Vehicle Operators for All

Weather Operations

WAAS 200-foot minima

STL Revised Wake Separation Standards

Limited Use Continuous Descent Arrivals: SDF, LAX, ATL

Far-Term Capability





Far-Term Capability










18

Improve Collaborative ATM OEP Solution Set*

2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 20132010 2014 2025

Full Collaborative Decision Making

Full Collaborative Decision Making

On-Demand NAS Information

On-Demand NAS Information

Provide Full Flight Plan Constraint

Evaluation with Feedback

Provide Full Flight Plan Constraint

Evaluation with Feedback

Continuous Flight Day Evaluation

Continuous Flight Day Evaluation

Trajectory Flight Data ManagementTrajectory Flight Data Management

Assignment of Airspace for Special Use in High

Altitude

Assignment of Airspace for Special Use in High

Altitude

Manage Airspace as Trajectories

Manage Airspace as Trajectories

Manage Airspace to

Flow

Manage Airspace to

FlowAirspace Flow

Program

Integrated Surface Data

Reroute Impact Assessment & Resolution

Execution of Flow Strategies

Far-Term Capability





Far-Term Capability










19

Step 1Include R-side Problem Prediction

• Enhanced trajectory modeling and problem prediction

• Integration of controller displays with problem prediction available on R-side

• Problem notification to sector where problem predicted to occur

• Assisted Trial Planning• TFM route and altitude clearances received via

ground-ground data communications• D-Controller supports one sector

20

Step 2Introduce Air-Ground Data

Communications• Pilot requests received via data communications

and notified to controller• Clearances delivered via data communications

–Automatically generated trial plans (e.g., clearance for TFM route change)

–Trial plans created by controller –Clearances created by controller without trial

planning• Transfer of communications accomplished via

data communications

21

Step 3Expand Problem Prediction and Introduce Problem Resolution

• Introduction of problem resolution for existing problem types, plus– Resolutions generated for TFM route and altitude changes– Resolutions generated for pilot requests received via data commu

nications• Introduction of problem prediction for remaining problem types

– Miles-in-Trail (MIT) constraints– En route and arrival Meter Fix Time (MFT) constraints– Severe weather affecting safety of flight

• Introduction of problem resolution for remaining problem types (MIT, MFT, Severe Wx safety of flight)

• Notification of automatically generated TOD clearances to sector in control

• All clearances entered into automation• Strategic Controller supports one or more sectors

22

Step 4Shift Towards Strategic Operations

• Notification of all control events to sector in control of aircraft to be maneuvered

• R Controller continues to maintain situational awareness and be responsible for separation

23

Step 5Include Advanced Data ommunications

• State and intent information provided to ATC automation via data communications, and processed by ATC automation

• Ride reports provided to ATC automation via data communications, and processed by ATC automation

• Problem prediction and resolution for clear air turbulence affecting safety of flight

• More complex clearances

24

Step 6Complete En Route P-ATM

Capability

• Automation responsible for problem prediction• Controller works of notifications on the Action List

–New displays and modifications to existing displays

• Automated clearance delivery for–TFM route and altitude changes–TOD clearances–Pilot requests

25

Traffic Flow Management: Overview

• Traffic managers have access to enhanced congestion predictions

• NAS customers self manage their schedule risk• Traffic managers have increased automation

support to manage airport and airspace congestion in strategic and tactical timeframe

• TFM automation proposes incremental resolutions to airspace congestion in tactical timeframe

• TFM automation disseminates flight specific changes

26

Conclusion•NextGen Addresses All Phases of Flight•NextGen Improves Safety Across All Aspects

–Improved Modeling, Planning = More Accurate Alerting–Improved Surveillance = More Accurate Alerting–Improved Detection, Alerting, and Resolution–Increased Datalink = Reduced Human Error–Improved TFM = Reduced Congestion and Load–Improved Nav = Increased Cockpit Awareness

Taiwan Will Make Many of the Same Advances

–Important Subset of NextGen Technologies–Quicker Deployment = Quicker Benefits

謝謝THANK YOU!

introduction to nextgen relevance to taiwan 29 may 2008 the views, opinions and/or findings...

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