INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOTHERAPY.PHYSIOTHERAPY.GALVANIZATION.ELECTROFORESIS.FRANCLINIZATION.

Prof. Mysula I.R.

PhysiotherapyPhysiotherapy

From Greece: physio – nature; therapy – to treat

Field of clinical medicine studying medical properties of physical factors and developing the methods of their application for diseases treatment and prophylaxis, and also for the medical rehabilitation

Levels of physiotherapeutic Levels of physiotherapeutic factors influencefactors influence

- local - distant (reflex-segment)- on the whole body

Basic principle of treatment

pathogenetic, not etiologic

Therefore the indicate for them are determined by not so much the etiology of illnesses, but its pathogenesis, predominance in pathogenesis the processes of inflammatory or dystrophic character.

Common contraindications for Common contraindications for using of physiotherapeutic using of physiotherapeutic methodsmethods

severe exhaustion difficult condition of patient risk for bleeding tumours blood diseases cardiovascular and respiratory failure disorders of liver and kidneys function atherosclerosis ІІ-ІІІ stage of arterial hypertension active tuberculosis

Basic effects in tissuesBasic effects in tissues

thermal unthermal

Classification of physiotherapy Classification of physiotherapy methodsmethods

I. After the area of influencing: 1.General (for Wermel, collar for Shcherbac, four

chamber galvanic baths, general UFO and others like that).

2. Local (transverse, longitudinal, tangential, focal). 3. Reflex-segmentary. 4. On biologically active points.

ІІ After localization: 1. Superficial (on the scin). 2. Intracavity (nasal, mouth, years, vaginal, rectal). 3. Intravascular (laser). 4. Intraorganic.

Classification of physiotherapy Classification of physiotherapy methodsmethods

ІІІ After the strength of contact: 1. Contact (dense contact). 2. Distance (eluvial).

ІУ After the technique of execution: 1. Immobile. 2. Mobile.

GALVANIZATIONGALVANIZATION

Application of constant direct electric current of small force (to 50 мА) and low tension (30-80V) with the medical purpose

H2OH+

+OH-

- +

K+

Na+KCl K++Cl -

NaCl Na++Cl -

MgSO4 Mg+++SO4--

CaCO3 Ca+++CO3--

Cl-

SO4-2

CO3-2

H2OH+

+OH-

Катод Анод

Катод Анод

K+K+ Na+Na+

K+Na+ Ca++Mg++

K++OH- KOHNa++OH- NaOH

H++Cl- HClH++SO4

-2 H2SO4H++CO3

-2 H2CO3

H2OH+

+OH-

- +

K+

Na+KCl K++Cl -

NaCl Na++Cl -

MgSO4 Mg+++SO4--

CaCO3 Ca+++CO3--

Cl-

SO4-2

CO3-2

H2OH+

+OH-

Катод Анод

Катод Анод

K+K+ Na+Na+

K+Na+ Ca++Mg++

K++OH- KOHNa++OH- NaOH

H++Cl- HClH++SO4

-2 H2SO4H++CO3

-2 H2CO3

Cathode (Cathode (--))

excitant, restorative (uses at paresises, paralyses)

secretory, stimulatory (hormones production)

myotonic hydrotative metabolic vasodilatative

Anode (+)Anode (+)

depress, analgetic (uses at spasms, hypertonus)

hyposecretory myorelaxatic dehydratative metabolic vasodilatative

Local reactionsLocal reactions

1. Changes of cells hydration2. Changes of protoplasm

colloids dispersion 3. Changes of permeability of

cell membranes 4. Fasting of blood stream 5. Increase of permeability of

vessel wall

General reactionsGeneral reactions

Irritation of peripheral receptors → nervous impulses are passed on afferent ways in the CNS → complex reactions-answers of organs and systems of organism.

IndicationIndication

І-ІІ stage arterial hypertension. Bronchial asthma. Inflammatory processes of

different localization. Stomach and duodenum ulcerous. Skin diseases

Contra-indicationContra-indication

Common Individual high sensitiveness to

current Damage of skin and skin diseases in

the place of electrodes application Acute purulent inflammatory

processes Lack of pain sensitiveness

FILM “GALVANIZATION”

Placing of electrodesPlacing of electrodes

longitudinal transversal

Medicinal Medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis

Introduction of medicines in human Introduction of medicines in human body with the help of a direct body with the help of a direct currentcurrent

2 factors act2 factors act:: medicine galvanic current

Causes for skin depot Causes for skin depot formation formation

shallow penetration of medications; high properties of ion changes

structural components of skin; relatively low activity of metabolism; bad circulation of blood in the upper

layers of skin.

Advantages of medicinal Advantages of medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis

Medications are acted on the changed by galvanic current cells and tissues.

Medications enter tissues as ions, that increases their pharmacological activity.

Formation of "skin depot" prolongs duration of medications action.

Advantages of medicinal Advantages of medicinal electrophoresiselectrophoresis

High concentration of medications is created directly in a place of pathology.

The mucous membranes of gastro-intestinal tract is not irritated.

Possibility of simultaneous using of a few medications is provided (from different poles).

FRANCLINIZATION

It is a medical method, in which the electric field of high tension uses.

COMMON FRANCLINIZATION

LOCAL FRANCLINIZATION

IndicationIndication

functional diseases of the central nervous system, especially those that is accompanied by the irritability, disorders of sleeping (migraine, insomnia, asthenic states and others like that)

I-II stages of arterial hypertension

bronchial asthma

trophic ulcers, infected wounds and wounds which are treated difficulty

facial skin and mouth mucous parestesia

Contra-indicationContra-indication

Common

organic diseases of the central nervous system

low arterial pressure

For local franclinization contra-indication is the state during 2 weeks after the course of rentgenotherapy.