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Power Electronics 1 Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converters (직류전원장치)

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Page 1: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

1

Introduction to Power Electronics

by D. W. Hart

Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converters

(직류전원장치)

Page 2: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

2

1 Transformer Model / Flyback Converter

Contents

2 Forward(Doubled-ended) Converter

3 Push-pull Converter / Full/half Converter

4 Current-fed / Multiple-output Converter

Page 3: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

3

(1) Transformer Model

변압기의 두가지 기본기능

1. 부하와 소스간의 전기적 절연 2. AC전압이나 전류를 높이거나 낮추는 기능

자화 인덕턴스 코어의 손실을 나타내는 저항

변압기 이상적인 변압기 모델

완전한 변압기 모델

전력전자 회로 해석용 변압기 모델

1 1

2 2

1 2

2 1

v N

v N

i N

i N

변압기의 입출력 관계

Page 4: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

4

(2). Flyback Converter -1

1

2 2

2 1

1 1

2

2

1

2 1

( )

0

0 & 0

( )

Lm

S m

Lm Lm Lm S

m

S

Lm closed

m

S

D O O S

div V L

dt

di i i V

dt t DT L

V DTi

L

N Nv v V

N N

Nv V v V V

N

i i

다이오드가역바이어스되어있으므로

스위치가 닫혔을 때의 회로

Page 5: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

5

(2). Flyback Converter -2

스위치가 열렸을 때의 회로 1

1 2 2

2

1

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

,

(1 )

(1 )( )

,

(1 )( ) ( )

O

Lm

O m

Lm Lm Lm O

m

O

Lm open

m

S O

Lm closed Lm open

m m

Nv v v V

N

diNv V L

N dt

di i i V N

dt t D T L N

V D T Ni

L N

V DT V D T Ni i

L L N

정상상태에서인덕터전류의순수변화량은 0이므로

2

1

0

1O S

NDV V

D N

Page 6: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

6

(3). Forward Converter -1

스위치가 닫혔을 때의 회로

1

2 22 1

1 1

3 3

3 1

1 1

3 3 3

2 1 2

0

0 ,

S

S

S

D S

v V

N Nv v V

N N

N Nv v V

N N

v V v D off

v D on D off

Page 7: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

7

(3). Forward Converter -2

2

2

1

2

1

2

1

2 .

( )

1 .

Lx

Lx O S O x

S O

Lx Lx Lx

x

Lx closed S O

x

S

Lm

m

Filter

diNv v V V V L

N dt

NV V

Ndi i i

dt t DT L

N DTi V V

N L

V DTi

L

차측 인덕터에서전류의증분은다음과같다

차측자화인덕턴스에서전류의증분은다음과같다

스위치전류(변압기1차권선전

1

)

sw Lmi i i

류 는다음과같다.

스위치가 닫혔을 때의 회로

Page 8: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

8

(3). Forward Converter -3

스위치가 열렸을 때의 회로

3

3

1 1

1 3

3 3

2 2

2 3

3 3

1 2

&

(1 )

(1 )

S

S

S

Lx

Lx O x

Lx Lx Lx O

x

O

Lx open

x

D on

v V

N Nv v V

N N

N Nv v V

N N

D off D on

div V L

dt

di i i V

dt t D T L

V D Ti

L

Page 9: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

9

(3). Forward Converter -4

2

1

2

1

1

1

3

1

3

1

3

3

1

( ) 0

(1 )0

( 0)

Lx closed Lx open

O

S O

x x

O S

Lm

Lm S m

Lm Lm Lm S

Lm

x m

S S

Lm x

m m

x

i i

V D TN DTV V

N L L

NV V D

N

diNv v V L

N dt

di i i V Ni

dt t T L N

V DT V Ni T

L L N

NT DT

N

스위치가 열렸을 때의 회로

Lmv

Page 10: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

10

(4). Double-Ended Forward Converter

변형된 포워드 컨버터.

트랜지스터 스위치들은 동시에 온/오프.

스위치 온 기간중 자화인덕턴스에 에너지 축적 및 부하에 에너지 전달.

스위치 오프 기간동안 다이오드가 온 되어, 인덕터는 다이오드 D3,D4를 통해 축적한 에너지 방전. 이 때 2차측에는 인덕터와 커패시터에 의해 전류가 흐름.

스위치에 걸리는 전압이 낮아서 고압용 컨버터를 만들때 유리하다.

Page 11: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

11

(5). Push-Pull Converter -1

1 2

1 2

1

2

p p S

S

s s x S

P

x

SS O

PLx Lx Lx s O

x x

SS O

P

Lx closed

x

v v V

Nv v v V

N

Sw L

NV V

Ndi i i v V

dt t DT L L

NV V

Ni DT

L

이닫혀있는동안 에흐르는전류의변화량은

스위치 Sw1이 닫혔을 때의 회로

Page 12: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

12

(5). Push-Pull Converter - 2

1 2

1 2

1 1

2

2 ,

p p S

S

s s S

P

S

Sw S x s S

P

S

Lx x O S O

P

x

SS O

P

Lx closed

x

v v V

Nv v V

N

Nv V v v V

N

Nv v V V V

N

Sw L

NV V

Ni DT

L

이닫혀있는동안 에흐르는전류의변화량은

스위치 Sw2이 닫혔을 때의 회로

Page 13: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

13

(6). Full Bridge Converter

1 2

3 4

1 2 3 4

( & )

( & )

( , , & ) 0

2

P S

P S

P

S

O S

P

Sw Sw on v V

Sw Sw on v V

Sw Sw Sw Sw off v

NV V D

N

출력전압은푸쉬풀컨버터와동일

Page 14: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

14

(7). Half Bridge Converter

1 2

3 4

1 2 3 4

( & )

( & )

( , , & ) 0

P S

P S

P

S

O S

P

Sw Sw on v V

Sw Sw on v V

Sw Sw Sw Sw off v

NV V D

N

출력전압은전브리지컨버터의반이된다.

Page 15: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

15

(8). Voltage-fed converter vs.

Current-fed Converter

Vs

Voltage-fed converter 일정한 크기의 전원전압을 스위칭하여 출력을 제어.

Current-fed converter 전압원에 큰값의 인덕터를 직렬연결하여 전원을 전류원처럼 만들고 스위칭하여 출력을 제어.

Voltage-fed push-pull converter Current-fed push-pull converter

Page 16: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

16

(9). Current-fed push-pull Converter 1

스위치 Sw1이 닫혀있고 Sw2가 열려있을 때

Vs

1 1

1

2 1 2

,

2

P P

D Lx p O

S S

P

Lx S p S O

S

P

Sw p p O

S

N Ni I v V

N N

Nv V v V V

N

Nv v v V

N

Page 17: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

17

(9). Current-fed push-pull Converter 2

스위치 Sw2가 닫혀있고 Sw1이 열려있을 때

Vs

2 2

2

2 1 2

,

2

P P

D Lx p O

S S

P

Lx S p S O

S

P

Sw p p O

S

N Ni I v V

N N

Nv V v V V

N

Nv v v V

N

Page 18: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

18

(10). Current-fed push-pull Converter 3

(1 )

2(1 ) (2 1)

PLx S O

S

Lx S

D T

Nv V V

N

T D T D T

v V

한 주기내에서하나의스위치만닫혀있는시간은

이때의인덕터전압

한 주기내에서두개의스위치가모두닫혀있는시간은

이때의인덕터전압

Vs

Page 19: Introduction to Power Electronics by D. W. Hart Chapter 7. Isolated DC to DC Converterscontents.kocw.net/.../2015/gachon/shonjingeun/13.pdf · 2016-09-09 · Isolated DC to DC Converters

Power Electronics

19

(11). Multiple-output Converter

Multiple-output flyback converter Multiple-output forward converter

변압기의 2차측에 권선을 추가하여 다중 출력으로 만든 형태의 컨버터 여러개의 출력중 하나만이 피드백 제어루프로 제어될 수 있으며 나머지 다른 출력들은 듀티비와 부하량에 따라 정해진다.