introduction to rocketry 1 june 2013. rocket concepts newton’s laws of motion thrust drag...
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Rocketry
June 2013
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Rocket Concepts
• Newton’s Laws of Motion• Thrust• Drag• Stability• Moments of Inertia• Parachutes• Rocket Construction• Rocket Testing and Analysis
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A Little Bit of Historical Context
1200 BC1926 AD
1945 AD
1969 AD
1981 AD
2013 AD
Werner von Braun
Robert Goddard
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Robert Goddard is known as the Father of Modern Rocketry. He experimented in Massachusetts in the early 1900’s and then moved his operation to Roswell, New Mexico in 1930.
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Types of Rockets
• Performance Capability– Sub Orbital
• The trajectory intersects the surface of the Earth
– Orbital• Must be able to reach a velocity over 17,500
MPH
• Propulsion Types– Solid Propellant– Liquid Propellant– Hybrid
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Types of Rockets
• Performance Capability– Sub Orbital
• The trajectory intersects the surface of the Earth
– Orbital• Must be able to reach a velocity over 17,500
MPH
• Propulsion Types– Solid Propellant– Liquid Propellant– Hybrid
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Reaching Orbit is all about achieving the right amount of velocity…
17,500 MPH
Orbital
3,000 MPHSuborbital
Sounding rockets can fly higher than orbital rockets
If an orbital rocket were launched in a more vertical trajectory like a sounding rocket, it would go thousands of miles high, but it would eventually fall back to earth.
In order to escape earth’s gravity, the rocket must reach a velocity of ~24,500 MPH
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Types of Rockets
• Performance Capability– Sub Orbital
• The trajectory intersects the surface of the Earth
– Orbital• Must be able to reach a velocity over 17,500
MPH
• Propulsion Types– Solid Propellant– Liquid Propellant– Hybrid
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Types of Rockets
• Performance Capability– Sub Orbital
• The trajectory intersects the surface of the Earth
– Orbital• Must be able to reach a velocity over 17,500
MPH
• Propulsion Types– Solid Propellant– Liquid Propellant– Hybrid
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Solid Rocket Motor Oxidizer
Tank
Fuel Tank
Pump
Rocket Engine
Oxidizer Tank
Solid propellant and combustion chamber
Payload(Science Experiment)
Solid Propellant Rocket Liquid Propellant Rocket Hybrid Propellant Rocket
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11Liquid Rocket Solid Rocket
Hybrid Rocket
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Sounding Rocket Launch Vehicles
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Lift-off of two stage solid propellant sounding rocket
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Can Sounding Rockets be used to reach orbit?
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Model Rockets• Model rockets work just like NASA Sounding
Rockets
‒ Solid rocket motors are used to produce thrust
‒ The rockets use fins to provide the necessary stability
‒ Parachutes are used to recover the rockets• Sounding Rocket payloads are recovered, but not the
motors
• Model rockets can be safely used as part of the class curriculum if the instructor is knowledgeable and basic safety precautions are taken‒ The biggest No-No is building your own rocket
motors
Stable Base
Launch Rod
Remote Electronic Ignition Control
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Rockets applied to the classroom…
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Cool Things You Can Do With Rockets• Write software to predict rocket performance• Design your own rockets• Conduct flight experiments• Build a wind tunnel to conduct testing• Develop experimental payloads to make real engineering or science
measurements
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What are we going to do this week?
• Build a foam model rocket• Analyze and test the rocket• Learn some basic rocket physics
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Questions?