introduction to slide crafting
TRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION TO SLIDE CRAFTINGEl No (노엘)
Topics
1. Slide and slide deck
2. Productivity
3. Efficacy
4. Tips & resources
#1
Slide and slide deck
Typical use cases of PowerPoint
Reporting Lecture note Photo album
Keynote speech Storing scripts Product manual Documentation
Font size 2
File size 330 MB
Typical use cases of PowerPoint
Reporting Lecture note Photo album
Keynote speech Storing scripts Product manual Documentation
PowerPoint is not always best option. Our aim is to try not to overuse/ misuse PowerPoint
Use PowerPoint only when it is considered to be the best medium
Topical Narrative
Des
crip
tive
An
alyt
ical
Visualise ideas effectively
Present ideas to the (large) audience
Convey a compelling story
Structure
Ap
pro
ach
news
manual
keynote
documentary
annual report
sales pitch
FTSE100 report
catalogue
Purposes of creating slides Types of communication
Don’t open PowerPoint too early
Take time and think about flow and logic of the story
Facts Analyses Conclusions Recommendations
Most people follow a problem-solving path that builds up to a set of recommendations
Take time and think about flow and logic of the story
Facts Analyses Conclusions Recommendations
Facts/analysesActions/steps/
reasonsRecommendations
What should be done? How or why should it be done?
How do you know the recommendations are sound?
Most people follow a problem-solving path that builds up to a set of recommendations
Communicating the solution is the inverse of the problem solving path
Why should we write/ communicate backwards?
Imagine you are Ben and you get this from Chris. What is he trying to say?
Ben,
Remember last Saturday afternoon when we were playing in the
park with my skateboard and you broke it by throwing down the hill?
And also, on Sunday when you came to my house and my Mom
made you a tuna fish sandwich for lunch and you said: “Yech!
That’s the worst sandwich I ever ate!”?
And yesterday, when I changed the channel on the TV, you kicked
me and threatened to bite me?
Well, for all of these reasons, I hate you, and I no longer want to be
your friend.
Chris
(no subject)
Ben,
I HATE you. Here are my reasons:
1. You broke my skateboard
2. You insulted my mother
3. You scared me
Chris
His message would be clearer if he began by saying, “I hate you.”
Main message or governing thought
Reasons supporting the governing thought
(no subject)
In the second example, the hierarchy of Chris’ actual thoughts becomes more explicit
Q: Why is Chris saying this?
A: Because…
Q: Why?
A: Because…
Chris hates Ben
Ben broke Chris’skateboard
Ben insulted Chris’ mother
Ben scared Chris
These thoughts can be considered as a fictitious question-answer dialogue with the addressee
The Pyramid Structure: effective communication requires a logical structure that is easy to follow
Introduction
Main Message (Answer)
1 2 3
a b c a b a b c
Key line:
Governing thought:
Supporting details:
Situation: Relevant facts about the situation, facts the audience would not dispute
Complication: The complicating event/ problem that create the tension in the story
Key Question: The implicit question that results from the complication
The answer to the question
Major points which, taken together prove the answer
Data and facts which support the key line
The Pyramid Structure: an example
Is Jeju Island a recommended
destination for tourists?
Yes, It is.
A lot of sights to seeCalm and not
crowdedAffordable
Nature FestivalsEntertain
ment
Low populatio
nLess cars
Tax free zone
No visa required
Many cheap flights
Why so? So what?
Key Question
In the Pyramid Structure, the main message is supported by vertical and horizontal logic
Introduction
Main Message (Answer)
1 2 3
a b c a b a b c
• Focus on the main message
• The audience is much more interested in what the message is than in how the message was developed
• The audience can absorb ideas and draw appropriate conclusions more easily in the context of the “big picture”
• The base of the pyramid then supports the main message
So What
MECE, Same kind, Logical order
Why so
Summarises Summarises Summarises
Story-board
1.
2.
3.
%①
④
⑦
“”
“”
②
⑤
⑧
③
⑥
⑨
Build up the storyline based on the pyramid structure, then turn it into the story-board
Storyline
• Each page contains it’s own “main message” that ultimately maps back to the pyramid and the presentation’s main message
• Stringing the topic sentences together should read like a well-reasoned essay
Intro(SCQ)
Key Line+ Support
Each slide as well as slide deck tells just one piece of structured, logical story
When developing any slide, consider the following questions:
• How does this fit into the overall story we are trying to tell?
• What are the key takeaways from this slide? Are they evident to the reader?
• How relevant is this information? Is it extraneous or repeated elsewhere?
Each slide in a deliverable serves a purpose:
• Proves a hypothesis or supporting point
• Frames an issue
• Serves as a reference or repository for information critical to the overall story
Headlines communicate horizontal logic
• Series of “so what” key message statements that tell the a compelling story about the client’s situation, issues, and opportunities
Body provides the vertical logic• Key proof-point(s) that supports the horizontal logic
point of the slide
• Necessary and sufficient support for each key message to explain why, or how, the message is true
Slide format should be clean and draw the reader to the key point
• Should pass the “first glance test” – can you tell the point of the slide within 8 seconds?
Slide strategy Slide content
Theory of a Slide
A slide must be CLEAR
Relevancewhere does this fit into the presentation’s logic structure?
Accuracyhow are the facts (and any conclusions) being represented?
Elegancewhat elements of design (e.g., proportions, symmetry) are captured in the material?
Comprehensivedoes the material cover the whole story?
Livelinesshow visually appealing is the material?
And the format is critical to make the slide clearer and professional
Headline, within 2 lines(Horizontal logic)
Page #
Legal disclaimer,Copyright, level of confidentiality
Footer(e.g. source, notes, keys…)
Text or iconic tracker,upper right corner
Logo
(Vertical logic)
Tombstone
Chart titles
1 2 3
Confidential Note: the granularity of analyses depend on data availability and completeness 8노엘
The template equipped with pre-formatted graphics and layouts are helpful for formatting to standard
Roland Berger Graphics
#2
Productivity
Rocket: Jean-Philippe Cabaroc
Quick Access Toolbar helps streamline slide crafting
How-to set up Quick Access Toolbar
Set up your Quick Access Toolbar
1. Open ‘PowerPoint Options’ (File Options)
2. Select Quick Access Toolbar
3. Choose commands then Add
4. Click ‘OK’
Must-have commands
Must-have commands
Grouping
Distribute objects
Position
Alignment
Rotate
CategoryCommand Description
Make one or more objects as one object (or vice versa); highly useful for changing objects sizes proportionately
Align two or more objects relative to one another on the slide
Equally space one or more objects relative to the two most distant objects
Send an object forward/backward of another other object or to the front or back of a slide
Rotate an object clockwise or counter clockwise
Format Copy the attributes of text or an object to other text or objects
Use Guides for spacing and alignment
1. Right click in your slide
2. Select ‘Grid and Guides… then check ‘Guides’
3. Click and drag guides to desired location
4. Add a guide line as you need by dragging any existing line pressing Ctrl
5. To remove a Guide, just drag it off the page
How-to add and remove Guides
8노엘
Shortcuts
Keys Description
CTRL+O Open a document
CTRL+N Open a new blank document
CTRL+S Save the document
F12 Save as
CTRL+P Print
CTRL+M Insert a new slide
CTRL+D Duplicate a selected slide
Keys Description
CTRL+A Select all objects and text on the active slide
CTRL+C Copy the selected object or text
CTRL+X Cut the selected object or text
CTRL+D Duplicate the selected object or text
CTRL+VPaste the object or text which was previously copied or cut
CTRL+Z Undo (remove) the last change made
CTRL+Y or F4 Redo (repeat) the last change made
CTRL+Mouse DragCopy and position a selected object to a user defined position
SHIFT+Mouse DragShift an object parallel or perpendicular to its original position
SHIFT+CTRL+Mouse DragDuplicate and shift to a user defined position which is parallel or perpendicular to its original position
Keys Description
F5 Start a slide show
SHIFT+F5 Start slide show from current slide
CTRL+SOpen the slide selection dialog when slide show is playing
ESC Exit slide show
SPACE or ARROW or Left-Click
Move to next slide during slide show
DELETE or ARROW Move to previous slide during slide show
General
Slide Show
Objects
Activity 1. LEGO vs. Real world (15 min.)
1. There has been approximately 4 billion minifigures produced
2. Approximately 20 billion LEGO elements (bricks) are made every year in the LEGO factory in Billund
http://natgeotv.com.au/tv/megafactories/lego-facts.aspxhttp://www.buildingtalk.com/building-products-and-structures-/brick-manufacturing-increases-due-to-housing-demands/410821.article
1. China – 1.3 billion, India – 1.1 billion, US – 300 million
2. UK Brick production in 2014 - 1.8 billion bricks
LEGO facts Real world facts
VS
Can you create an Infographic using the given facts?
LEGO
China
India
WORLD POPULATION ANNUAL BRICK PRODUCTION
20 billion
1.8 billon
Lego UK
= 100 million
#3
Efficacy
Light bulb: Michel Faz Fajes
Why are horrible slides horrible? (1)
Horrible slides are unclear
Why some people make this?Because they don’t have a clear idea
Long headline
Alignment
Mere repetition of the headline
Pointless image
Irrelevant & even ugly image
Why are horrible slides horrible? (2)
Horrible slides areuncomfortable
Why some people make this?Because they don’t take care of the
audience
Unusual to have URL in headline+ not clear if the content and headline are relevant
Ambiguous colour scheme
Many of the words are cut in the middle
Why are horrible slides horrible? (3)
Horrible slides arepointless (or boring)
Why some people make this?Because they don’t analyse and process
data – lack of ‘so-what’s
Descriptive headline
No legend keys
When we refer to monetary values, e.g. salary, should make clear its unit and currency
Every good slide is…
Clearmessage
Comfortablestyle
Provocativeinsights
Focused – one idea per slideBased on clarity in thinking
Every visual element should help convey the message
‘So-what’ rather than descriptive ‘what it is’ or ‘what we did’
Increasing the efficacy of the slide requires you to consider slide construction
Information formats are critical to getting insight
Right use of visual elements provide clarity to audience
Style should be informed by audience and context
• Choice depends on what the audience should take away(bullet points, tables, charts, graphics…)
• Following basic rules helps you fit the right chart to the message/ data
• Combining formats can make the message stronger
• Visualisation helps audience understand more quickly
• Colours, shapes, images, fonts and layouts should work for readability and clarity
• The message and style should be tailored to audience and context
• Audience and context – Balance between simplicity vs. depth, numbers or texts or pictures
• Calls for simple slides, simplicity means clarity in thinking
Words (bullet-points)
• Lead an audience through logic flow (S-C-Q)
• Summarise findings and recommendations, e.g. executive summary
• Present qualitative information
• Most concepts can be effectively described in words
• Present very simplistic data
00%
00%
00%
Tables
• See specific numbers
• Buy into a calculation methodology
• Compare and contrast qualitative information
Conceptual graphics
• Remember relative trends
• Visualise a flow
• Visualise patterns
• Visualise concepts
00%
00%
00%
Charts
Andrew Abela, http://www.verstaresearch.com/types-of-charts.jpg
Combination of charts and graphics
Activity 2. US green car market (20 min.)
• Situation: Your client is a mid-low tier car manufacturer and it is considering to invest more in the green cars
• Complication: The market prospect and the competition is not clear
• Question: Should your client invest more in this market?
• Data:1. US Hybrid cars & EV sales and market share (2006 - 2013)2. Key manufacturers’ Hybrid cars & EV launch dates (2000 – 2013)
Can you answer the question with one slide by structuring and visualising given information?
#4
Tips & resources
Magic Wand: John O'Shea
Less is more
Brian Suda, 2014, Designing with data
VS
Less is more
Brian Suda, 2014, Designing with data
Adopt recent design trend (1) Flat designs
20142010
Adopt recent design trend (2) Iconography
Adopt recent design trend (3) Infographic
Nielsen Company 2014 Report - Millennial Breaking The Myths
Adopt recent design trend (4) Full size image
Accenture Technology Vision 2015 - Digital Business Era
Checklist
• Standard template including colours and fonts used throughout
• Enough white space
• Text boxes and objects are aligned and of consistent size
• All bulleted text consistently indented on a given page and across the deck, such that text “wraps” under text and not under the bullet (spaces should not be used)
• Similar items on successive pages are placed in the same location to prevent “choppy” transitions
• Wherever possible, charts, graphs, and pictures are PowerPoint native vs. being cut and pasted from another application
• Deck has been printed to ensure presentation translates well to grayscale or colors okay
• Spellcheck has been run and deck has been proofread by multiple individuals where possible
• All graph and table axes labeled and include descriptive titles (including date ranges of data, etc.)
• All data sources accurately cited at the bottom of relevant pages; all citations are consistently formatted and colored
• Numbers, including graph axes, do not include extraneous or unnecessary use of digits or decimals
• Keys or legends included with tables, graphs, etc. where necessary
Logic/ Flow
• Follow the Minto Pyramid Principle
• Deliverable has a logical flow that tells a story (horizontal logic stands alone) vs. a linear description of “what we did”
• Horizontal logic limited to two lines with consistent font sizing
• Pages are CLEAR—Comprehensive, have Liveliness, Elegant, Accurate, and Relevant
Formatting
Mechanics
Resources and tools
• <The Minto Pyramid Principle>, Barbara Minto
• <The BCG Way: The Art of the Hypothesis Driven Management>, Boston Consulting Group
• <Slideology>, Nancy Duarte
• <Resonate>, Nancy Duarte
Logic and flow Data visualisation Design and images
• Slideshare, www.slideshare.net/
• Pixabay, www.pixabay.com/
• Pixlr, www.pixlr.com/
• Piktochart, http://piktochart.com/
• Economist Intelligence Unit, www.eiu.com/
• The Guardian Data Blog, www.theguardian.com/data
• Visualising data, www.visualisingdata.com/
• Data visualization, UK Government,https://www.gov.uk/service-manual/user-centred-design/data-visualisation.html
Slide ethics
• Representation – be aware that you are representing (a part of) the world through slides
• Publicity - check visual and verbal expressions
• Copyrights – clearly cite references
