introduction to smart materials
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to smart materials and their applications in engineering. How to prepare MR (Magnetrorheological) fluids at home? What are Shape Memory Alloys? What are Piezoelectric materials? #WikiCourses https://wikicourses.wikispaces.com/Topic04+Smart+MaterialsTRANSCRIPT
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Smart Materials and their Applications in Engineering
Dr. Mohammad Tawfik
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Smart Material: What?
• Controlled change in properties– Change in mechanical properties (MR fluids, SMA)– Change in geometry (Piezoelectric, SMA)
• Energy Converters!– Mechanical Electrical (Piezoelectric)– Heat Mechanical (SMA)– Mechanical Heat (Viscoelastic)– Etc…
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Smart Materials: Why?
• Vibration Damping• Shape Control• Noise Reduction• Vibration/Damage Sensing• Heat Sensing
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Smart Structures: Classification
Wada, Fanson, and Crawly
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Magnetorheological Fluids
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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MR Fluids
How do they work?• Externally applied magnetic field
in a direction normal to the fluid flow direction form dipoles in the iron particles
• Magnetic poles start attracting each others to the direction of the field, hence forming chains
• The chains then form a skeleton within the fluid, which gains the fluid controllable yield stress
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Why MR technology?
Mix them and you are done!
Required Materials to synthesize an MR fluid:
• Lithium grease General purpose oil
Micron-sized iron particles
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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MR Fluids
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Rabinow and Winslow 1950’s
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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MR Damper Fabrication
Prototype Damper
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Seat Shock Absorbers
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Seat Shock Absorbers
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloy
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloy
• Change mechanical properties with the change of temperature
• Regain original shape when heated!
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Application
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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SMA Embedding
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Other Applications
• Dental Fillings• Artificial Joints• Heat Valves• Eye-glasses!
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Piezoelectric Materials
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Piezoelectric Material
• Electric Field Mechanical Strain : Actuator• Mechanical Stresses Electrical Potential
Field : Sensor
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Basic Properties
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Piezo-Fiber Composites
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Active/Macro Fiber Composites
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Energy Harvesters
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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MEMS Power Generation
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Backpack Power Generator
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Ionic Polymer Metal CompositeIPMC
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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IPMC
• New Material• Shape is controlled by electric field• Designed on the molecule level (NANO
technology)
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Slow and Fast!
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Smart StructuresMohammad Tawfik
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Thank you for your attention!