introduction to spss – s0 · introduction • spss = s tatistical p ackage for the s ocial s...
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Basic medical statistics for clinical and experimental research
Introduction to SPSS – S0
29 November 2019
Anna [email protected]
Slides of Katarzyna Jóźwiak
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Introduction
• SPSS = Statistical Package for the Social Sciences• Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data
• After opening SPSS, two windows appear: • Data Editor with two spreadsheets:
• Data View• Variable View
• Output
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Data editor
• SPSS Data View: displays our data values; columns represent variables, rows represent subjects/patients
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Data editor
• SPSS Variable View: displays information regarding the meaning of our data, list of all variables, characteristics of all variables
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Data editor
SPSS Variable View: displays information regarding the meaning of our data, list of all variables, characteristics of all variables
• Label: description of the variable in the dataset• Values: coding• Missing: 99=unkown• Measure:
• scale (it is a numeric continuous variable) • ordinal (categorical with an order between categories, i.e. tumor grade, tumor stage)• nominal (categorical with no order between categories, i.e. ethnicity)
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Data editor: File
• New: to create new data set, syntax, output
• Open: to open existing dataset (format like .sav, .xls, .xlsx, .txt, .dta, .csv), syntax, output
• Save as: to save data (format like .sav, .csv, .xls, .xlsx, .dta)
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Data editor: Data
• Sort Cases: to sort by a specific variable
• Sort Variables: to sort by, e.g., variables names, types, widths
• Merge Files: to combine data sets by adding variables or subjects
• Split File: to split a data set into smaller data sets
• Select Cases: to indicate which subjects should be used in analyses
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Data editor: Transform
• Compute Variable : to compute a new variable
• Recode into Same Variables: to change values of an existing variable
• Recode into Different Variables: to change values of an existing variable and save the variable as an additional variable
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Data editor: Analyze
• All standard statistical analyses can be found here
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Data editor: Graphs• All standard graphical tools can be found here
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Data example
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Data example
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Data example
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Data exampleMs L. Meulen has a unique patient number 7. She is 26 years old and has 3 children (she was pregnant 3 times). She is a diabetic with glucose level 78, blood pressure 50, BMI 31 and height 169 cm.
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Data example
What is the weight of the patients? 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 =𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝐻𝐻𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊2 → 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ∗ 𝐻𝐻𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊2
![Page 16: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Data exampleWhat is the weight of the patients? 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ∗ 𝐻𝐻𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊2
![Page 17: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Data exampleWhat is the weight of the patients? 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 = 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ∗ 𝐻𝐻𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊2
![Page 18: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Data exampleWhat is the weight of the patients?
![Page 19: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 20: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 21: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 22: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 23: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 24: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 25: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the patients in out dataset?
![Page 26: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set?
![Page 27: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set?
![Page 28: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set?
![Page 29: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set?
![Page 30: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set?
![Page 31: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set? → we can first split the file based on the "Diabetes" variable
![Page 32: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set? → we can first split the file based on the "Diabetes" variable
![Page 33: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set? → we can first split the file based on the "Diabetes" variable
![Page 34: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients in our data set? → we can first split the file based on the "Diabetes" variable
![Page 35: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → we can first select patients of interest
![Page 36: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → we can first select patients of interest
![Page 37: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → we can first select patients of interest
![Page 38: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → we can first select patients of interest
![Page 39: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → We make a histogram after selecting patients of interest
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Data exampleHow old are the diabetic patients? → We make a histogram after selecting patients of interest
![Page 41: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Data exampleHow to indicate that diabetic patients are younger or older than 40 years of age?→ create categorical variable with values: 1 = non-diabetics, 2 = diabetics with age < 40, 3
= diabetics with age ≥ 40
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Data exampleHow to indicate that diabetic patients are younger or older than 40 years of age? → create categorical variable with values: 1 = non-diabetics, 2 = diabetics with age < 40, 3 = diabetics with age ≥ 40
![Page 43: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Data exampleHow to indicate that diabetic patients are younger or older than 40 years of age? → create categorical variable with values: 1 = non-diabetics, 2 = diabetics with age < 40, 3 = diabetics with age ≥ 40
![Page 44: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Data exampleHow to indicate that diabetic patients are younger or older than 40 years of age? → create categorical variable with values: 1 = non-diabetics, 2 = diabetics with age < 40, 3 = diabetics with age ≥ 40
![Page 45: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Data exampleHow to indicate that diabetic patients are younger or older than 40 years of age? → create categorical variable with values: 1 = non-diabetics, 2 = diabetics with age < 40, 3 = diabetics with age ≥ 40
![Page 46: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Data exampleHow many diabetics patients younger and older than 40 we have in our data set?
![Page 47: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Data exampleHow many diabetics patients younger and older than 40 we have in our data set?
![Page 48: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Data exampleHow many diabetics patients younger and older than 40 we have in our data set?
![Page 49: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Data exampleHow many diabetics patients younger and older than 40 we have in our data set?
![Page 50: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Syntax editorBehind all the "drop down menu steps" there is a list of commands that perform the statistical analyses and data manipulation
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Syntax editorAll commands can be saved in a syntax editor file → while performing statistical analyses and data manipulation, push "Paste" button instead of "OK" button
![Page 52: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Syntax editorAll commands can be saved in a syntax editor file → while performing statistical analyses and data manipulation, push "Paste" button instead of "OK" button
![Page 53: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Syntax editorAll commands can be saved in a syntax editor file → while performing statistical analyses and data manipulation, push "Paste" button instead of "OK" button
![Page 54: Introduction to SPSS – S0 · Introduction • SPSS = S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences • Very user friendly software for editing and analyzing all sorts of data](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042804/5f56e3a989c1241dba2e1f09/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Syntax editorAny command from a syntax can be run separately by selecting the appropriate part and pushing "green arrow" button