introduction to the internet level 1 & level 2

8/6/2019 Introduction to the Internet Level 1 & Level 2

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1|I n t r o d u c t i o n t o t h e I n t e r n e t

IntroductiontotheInternetLevelsI&II

Justaspeoplecantalktoeachotherbytelephone,computerscantalkto

othercomputersoveranetwork. TheInternetisthelargestcomputer

networkintheworld. TheInternetoffersvariousservices,butthetwo

mostpopularservicesareEmailandtheWorldWideWeb.

ContentsLevel1................................................................................................................................. 1

SigningintoLibraryComputers.......................................................................................... 2

BasicInternetVocabulary................................................................................................... 2

NavigatingtheInternet....................................................................................................... 4

ExerciseIOpening&UnderstandingtheBrowser.........................................................4

ExerciseIITypinginaNewWebsite............................................................................... 8

ExerciseIIIPerformingaSearchwithYahoo.................................................................. 8

UsingGoogle....................................................................................................................... 9

ExerciseISearchingforNewspapers.............................................................................. 9

Exercise

II

Maps

............................................................................................................

10

ExerciseIIIImageSearch.............................................................................................. 10

Level2............................................................................................................................... 11

FunandHelpfulWebsites................................................................................................. 11

Printing.............................................................................................................................. 12

Blogs.................................................................................................................................. 14

InternetSecurity............................................................................................................... 14

ExerciseIProtectingYourComputer............................................................................ 15

ExerciseIISafeCommunication................................................................................... 15

Level1


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SigningintoLibraryComputersKingCountyLibrarySystemprovidescomputersforpublicuseforactivities

suchassurfingtheweb,requestinglibrarymaterials,communicatingby

email,andperformingwordprocessing.

Computeruseinthelibrarydoesrequirealibrarycard.Forpersonaluse,

signinusingyourlibrarycardbarcodeandPIN(personalidentification

number).

Inacomputerclass,usethefollowingcodes:

627837

1212

Makesuretousenumeralkeyswhentypingthenumbers.Thatis,dontuse

theletterowhenyouwantazero(0)anddontusetheletterlwhenyou

wantanumeralone(1).

DontpressEnteraftertypingthefirstcode.Togettothesecondbox,

eitherclickthemouseintheboxorpresstheTabkey.Alsonotethatyou

cantreadthepasswordasyoutypeitinthesecondbox.Youseeasterisks

(****)onthescreensosomeonereadingoveryourshouldercantsee

whatyoutyped.Afteryouhavefilledinbothboxes,clickOKorpressthe

Enterkeytomovetothenextstep.

BasicInternetVocabularyBrowser Abrowserisasoftwareprogramthatallowsyoutoviewand

navigatethroughInternetpages.InternetExplorerandMozillaFirefoxare

popularexamplesandsomeInternetServiceProvidersoffertheirown

browsers(e.g.,AOL).

Email Electronicmail.

InternetServiceProvider(ISP) IfyouwanttoaccesstheInternetfrom

homeyoumusthaveanISP.AnISPisanInternetServiceProvider,a


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companythatyoupaytoprovideyouwithaconnectiontotheInternet.

AOL,NetZero,Comcast,andVerizonareallexamplesofISPs.Theyprovide

youwithproprietarysoftwaretodownloadtoyourcomputerandthenthey

allowyouawaytoaccesstotheInternet.Allmoderncomputersalready

havethesoftwarenecessarytoaccesstheInternet.IfyouwouldlikealistofInternetServiceProvidersyoucanvisitwww.thelist.comorlookinthe

yellowpagesunderInternet.

ThereareseveralwaystoconnecttotheInternet.Allrequireamodem:

Dialupconnectionusesastandardphoneline.Thisistheslowest

connection.Itisalsotheeasiestbecauseitdoesntrequire

installationofexpensiveserviceslikeDSL.

DSLaDigitalServiceLoopconnectsyourcomputertotheInternet

viaafastermethodofdialup.

Cablecablecompaniesoftenofferhighspeedaccessalongwith

cableTV.CableInternetisasharedconnectiontotheInternetwith

therestofyourneighborhood.ThemorepeoplethathaveCable

Internet,themorepotentialforsloweraccess.

Wireless/WiFiusesareceivertoconnectyourcomputertothe

Internetwithoutanywires.Amongotherplaces,libraries,some

hotelsandcoffeeshops,andmostferriesofferwirelessaccessto

peoplewhowishtobringintheirlaptopcomputers.

LinkShortforhyperlink,whichisareferenceornavigationelement

withinadocumentorwebpagethatleadsyoutoanotherdocument

(visualizelinksonachainconnectingeachother).

SearchEngineAprogramthatindexesmillionsofwebsitestohelpusers

findrelevantinformationbysearchingwithkeywordsorphrases.Popular

searchenginesincludeAsk,Google,Yahoo,Bing,andDogpile.

WebpageAsingledocumentfoundwithinawebsite.Justlikeabookwith

pages,awebsitehaswebpages.


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Websiteaddresses Youmaytypeinawebsiteaddresstosearchthe

Internet.Likeyourhomeaddress,aWebsiteaddressisunique.For

example,justasthereisonlyone440088th

AveSEMercerIsland,WA

98040,justasthereisonlyonewww.google.com.

WorldWideWebAsystemofinterlinkedhypertextdocumentsaccessed

viatheInternet.

NavigatingtheInternet

ExerciseI Opening&UnderstandingtheBrowser

Onahomecomputer,youusuallystartthebrowser(programfor

connectingtotheInternet)byclickingordoubleclickinganicononthe

desktoportaskbar,orbyopeningtheStartMenuandchoosingPrograms

andthenchoosingInternetExplorer(orotherbrowser).InaKCLSlibrary,

youmustloginwithalibrarycardorcomputerclasscode,andchoose

InternetExplorerfromthelistofprogramsintheLibrariesOnlineprogram.

ThefollowingexercisesstartfromtheKCLShomepage.Ifyouareinthe

library,thebrowserautomaticallybeginsonthatpage.Ifyouaredoing

theseexercisesfromhome,youwillneedtotypewww.kcls.orginthe

addressboxandthenpresstheEnterkey.

TheWorldWideWebcanbethoughtofasaformofpublishing. Insteadof

publishingdocumentsinabook,magazine,ornewspaper,theweb

publishesdocumentsonacomputerscreen. Computersthatpublish


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informationareknowsasserversandwebdocumentsareknownasweb

pages.

AnatomyofaWebsiteaddress

Lookingatthewebsiteaddresscangiveyoumanycluesastothetypeofwebsiteyoumightbevisiting.Forexample,www.kcls.org istheWebsite

forKingCountyLibrarySystem,anonprofitorganization.

.com acommercialwebsite

.net anetworkwebsite(canalsobeacommercialsite)

.gov agovernmentwebsite

.org anonprofitorganizationwebsite

.mil amilitarywebsite

.edu aneducationalwebsitefromaschooloruniversity

Thehttp://partindicatesthatyouaredealingwithwebpagesinsteadof

otherInternetservices(usuallyyoudonthavetotypeit). Httpstandsfor

HypertextTransferProtocol.ThewwwindicatesWorldWideWeb. The

kclsistheorganizationoperatingtheserver,andtheorgoften(thoughnot

always)indicatesanonprofitorganization.

Eachwebdocumentisknownasawebpage. Oftenyoucantseethe

wholepageatonetimeonyourscreen. Scrollingletsyoumoveupanddowntoseetherestofyourpage.


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Youcanalsogettoanotherwebpagebyclickingalink(indicatedwiththe

mousebyapointinghand). Forexample,underUsingtheLibrary,clickthe

LocationsandHourslinktoseeamapofthelibraries. Clickonalibrary

nameonthemapforotheroptions,suchashoursanddrivingdirections.

TIP:Thismanualiswrittenfor

InternetExplorer7,butthe

conceptscanbeappliedtootherversionsandbrowsers.Tofind

outwhichversionandbrowser

youareusing,clickHelponthe

menubarandselectAbout

InternetExplorer.

Scrolluppointat

arrow&leftclick

tomoveup

Scrollbarhold

downleftclick

andguide

mouseupor

down

Scrolldownpointat

arrow&leftclickto

movedown

Pageup/Pagedownleftclickon

arrowtomoveupordownin

biggerjumps

Scrollingallowsyoutoseepartsofyour

documentthatmaybeoffthescreen.

Thescrollbarresemblesandelevator

shaftontherightsideofyourscreen,

withthescrollboxasanelevatorinside

thescrollbar.


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The title bar appears at the top of the browser (in blue), displaying thenameoftheprogramandthenameofthecurrentwebpage.Belowthetitlebar,youwillfindtheaddressbox.Thisiswherewebsite

addressescanbytyped.Justleftclickonetimeinsidethelongboxand

pressbackspacetodeletethecurrentaddress.Whenyouseetheflashing

cursoryoucantypethere.Oncetheaddressisentered,hittheenterkeyon

thekeyboard.

Menusappearbelowtheaddressline.Eachmenuprovidesalistof

commandstomodifythebrowsersoperation.

Tool buttons appear in various places. Some buttons are dim,

indicatingthebuttonsarenotavailablebecausetheconditions

arenotrightforthemtooperate.Onyourscreen, itspossible

that theBack button is dim. If so, why do you think its not available for

clicking?Sometimesyougetasfarasyouwantbyclickinglinksandwantto

returntothepageyoustartedfrom.ClicktheBackbuttonasmanytimesas

it takes to get back to the King County Library System home page where

youbegan.

Tofindoutwhatatoolbuttondoes,youcanplaceyourmousecursor

(withoutclickinganybuttons)andletithoveroveraparticularbutton.Ina

matterofseconds,asmalltextboxwillappeartellingyouthefunctionof

thebutton.


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ExerciseII TypinginaNewWebsite

Youcanvisitawebsitebytypingtheaddress. Forexample,youcanread

manynewspapersonline. TheSeattlePIisavailableinonlineformatonly.

Toviewthepaper,beginbyclickingtheaddresslinenearthetopofthe

screen. Theaddressturnsdarktoindicateithasbeenselected,oncethe

currentaddressisselected(orhighlighted),youcantypeoverit. Now,type

www.seattlepi.comandthenpressenter. Ifyoudontknowanaddress,

youcanuseasearchenginelikeGoogleorYahoo.

ClickontheViewmenu.SlidethemousepointerdownoverthewordsText

Size.Abluebarleadstoasubmenudisplayingachoiceoftextsizes.Think

ofthebluebarasabridge.Slideyourmousealongthebluebartochoosea

newsize.Becarefultokeepyourmousesteadyonthebluebar.(Youdont

wanttofalloffthebridge!)Adjustthetextsizeuntilyoufindthesizemost

comfortableforyoutoread(thismaynothelpforeverywebsite).

Textsizecanalsosometimesbechangedinthebottom,right

cornerneartheclock.

OnceyouhavereachedtheSeattlePI

website,notethesubjectsnearthe

top(e.g.,Local,US/World,Sports).Manynewspapershaveasimilar

setup.FindtheRealEstatepagesby

clickingLocal.

ExerciseIII PerformingaSearchwithYahoo

SearchengineslikeYahooandGooglecanhelpyoufindwebsiteswhenyou

dontknowtheaddress.Clickontheaddressboxsothatitisselectedand

typewww.yahoo.comthenpressenter. Inthesearchbox,typeSeattle

MarinersandpressenterorclicktheWebSearchbox. Theresultsinblue


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arelinksthatyoucanclick,butyoumaynoticethatthefirstoftheresults

aresponsorresults. SkipthoseandtrytofindtheMarinershomepage.

UsingGoogleGoogle,muchlikeYahoo,isanothersearchenginethatisusedasatoolfor

findingresourcesontheWorldWideWeb.Googlescanswebpagestofind

instancesofthekeywordsyouhaveenteredinthesearchbox.Itisalsothe

mostpopularsearchengineandindexesthemostwebpages,whichmeans

youwillgetmoreresultswhenyouperformasearch.

ExerciseISearchingforNewspapers

Gotowww.google.comandtrytofindotheronlinenewspapers(e.g.New

YorkTimesorWallStreetJournal).Onceyouhaveenteredakeywordor

words,clickonGoogleSearchtofindyourresults.Googlealsooffersthe

Sponso

resultsmost

often

trying

tosell

you

stuff

Title(in

blue) click

hereto

entersite

Description

(inblack)

Web

address(in

green) not

alink


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ImFeelingLuckyoptionthatautomaticallytakesyoutothewebsiteit

thinksyouwantwithoutreturningalistofresults.

ExerciseIIMapsTherearemanydifferentmapservicesavailableontheInternet,including

MapQuest,YahooMaps,andGoogleMaps. Returntothegoogle.com

homepage. ClickontheMapslinkatthetopleftcorner,justunderthe

menusandclickGetDirections.

TIP:YoucansearchfordirectionsBycar,Bypublictransit,orBy

walking.

ExerciseIII ImageSearch

Googlecanalsobeusedtosearchfor

images. ReturntotheGooglehome

page. ClickontheImageslinkatthe

topleftcorner(totheleftofMaps). In

thesearchbox,typepuggleasasamplesearchandclicktheSearch

Imagesbox.

Toviewtheimagesinfullsize,clickthethumbnailoftheimageandthen

thelinkthatsaysSeefullsizeimage.

Enterthestart

address

Enteryour

destination(end

address)

Clickfor

results


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Level2ReviewVocabularyandAnatomyofWebsiteAddressfromprevious

sections.

FunandHelpfulWebsitesNowwewillexplorevariouswebsitestopracticenavigationskills.

NationalWeatherServicewww.weather.govThiswebsiteisthestartingpointforofficialgovernmentweatherforecasts,

warnings,andmeteorologicalproductsforforecastingtheweather,and

informationaboutmeteorologyacrossthecountry. Entercity,stateand

clickGobutton.Ifmorethanonematchisfound,choosetheappropriatelink(highlightedinblue)tonarrowyoursearch.

CNETwww.cnet.comCNEToffersreviewsandadvicethatcanhelpyoudecidewhattechnology

tobuyandhowtogetthemostforyourmoney.

Wikipediawww.wikipedia.orgAccordingtotheWikipediaintroductionpage:Wikipediaisanencyclopediacollaborativelywrittenbymanyofitsreaders.Itisaspecialtypeofwebsite,calledawiki,whichmakescollaborationeasy.ManypeopleareconstantlyimprovingWikipedia,makingthousandsofchangesanhour,allofwhicharerecordedonarticlehistoriesandrecentchanges.Inappropriatechangesareusuallyremovedquickly,andrepeatoffenderscanbeblockedfromediting.IfyouaddnewmaterialtoWikipedia,please

providereferences.Factsthatareunreferencedareroutinelyremovedfromtheencyclopedia.Ifyouwanttofindbasicinformationaboutsomething,Wikipediaisagreat

placetostart. Themainpagehasanewfeaturedarticleeachdayandalist

ofcurrentnewsitems. Thereisasearchboxthatallowsyoutotypeinyour

itemofinterest. Inthesearchbox,typeOlympicgames,thenclickGoto

seetheentry.


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Craigslistwww.craigslist.orgCraigslistisamostlyfree,communitymoderatedserviceofclassifiedadsin

over500cities.Tolookorpostadsinyourarea,clickthelinkforyourcity

and

you

will

be

taken

to

your

local

Craigslist.

YouTubewww.youtube.comYouTubeisavideosharingwebsitewhereuserscanuploadtheirown

videosand/orviewvideospostedbyothers.Tofindvideos,performa

keywordsearchandexaminetheresults.

5.

PrintingFirst,gotowww.seattletimes.comandopenanarticlebyclickingonthe

headline.

PrintingfromtheInternetcanbedifficult,buttherearemanywaysyoucan

avoidprintingunnecessarypages:

Eachvideohasaplaybutton

toclickon(alsopauses)

Volume Viewinfullscreen


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Usetheprinterfriendlybutton(foundon

somewebpages)

Or,Highlightandusetheprintselectionfunction1. Highlight(orselect)thetextyouwantbydraggingthemouse

acrosstheinformationwhileholdingdowntheleftmouse

button

2. GotoFileandchoosePrint

3. ClicktheSelectionboxandPrint


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Or,CopyandpastetoMicrosoftWord,thenprintBlogs

Ablog,shortforweblog,isawebsitewithrunningcommentaryandentries

publishedbyindividualsorgroups.TherearemanyblogsontheInternet

somearepublishedbycorporationsornewsgroups,somearewrittenby

individuals,music,media,andmoviecriticsandmore. Atypicalbloghas

entriesthatarearrangedwiththemostrecentonesfirst.Tobetter

understandblogs,wewilllookatafewinclass:

KCLSLibraryTalkwww.blogs.kcls.org/librarytalk

Notethecategoriesontheleftsideof

thescreen.Youcanclicktheselinksto

lookatdifferententries.Manyblogs

willhaveasimilarfeature;somewillbe

listedbymonthoryear.

DigginFood

www.digginfood.com

WordPress

www.wordpress.com

Usethesearchboxtolookforblogs

youmightbeinterestedin!Youcan

alsocreateafreeaccountandcreate

yourownblogusingWordPress(the

stepstocreateablogwillnotbecoveredinthisclass).

InternetSecurityOnlinecommunicationoffersbenefitsbutalsocreatesproblemsinareas

suchasprivacy,security,andchildsafety.Thissectiondiscussessomeof


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thehazardsandinconveniencesoftheInternetandsomeprecautionsyou

cantaketoprotectyourself.

ExerciseI ProtectingYourComputer

UsingemailandtheWorldWideWebexposesyourcomputertohazards

suchasviruses.Avirusisadestructiveprogramthatcandamageyour

computersoperationandinformation.Virusesmostcommonlyarrivefrom

downloadedsoftwareorfromemailattachments.Downloadingmeans

transferringaprogramfromanothercomputertoyourown.Emailusually

arrivesintheformofplaintext(whichcantcontainavirus),butprograms

canbeattachedtothetextandsuchattachmentscancarryviruses.Viruses

canalsoarrivefromputtinganinfecteddiskintoyourcomputer.

ItsagoodideaforanyoneusingtheInternetathometopurchaseand

installantivirussoftwareforhisorhercomputer.Herearesomepopular

brands:

McAfee: www.mcafee.com

NortonAntivirus:www.symantec.com

AVG

Software:

www.grisoft.com

Zone Alarm Free Basic Firewall: www.zonelabs.com

ExerciseIISafeCommunication

WhenyoucommunicateovertheInternet,itsimportanttoprotectthe

securityofvitalinformationsuchassocialsecuritynumbersorcreditcard

numbers. Tobeginwith,onlysendsuchinformationwhenyouhaveagood

reasontodosotoanorganizationyouknow.Second,onlysendsuch

informationwhenusinganencryptedconnection.Encryptedmeansthe

informationtransferringfromyourcomputertotheserverisencodedina

waythatonlytheservercandecodeandunderstand.


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IfyouaresendingvitalinformationovertheInternet,makesurethatthe

serverisusingsecureservertechnology.Thismeansthattheinformationissentinencrypted(secretcode)form.

Herearetwoindicatorstowatchfor:firstnotetheextraswhen,theURLshows:https.Second,ifyouareusingInternetExploreras

yourbrowser,alockappearsontherightoftheaddressoratthe

statusbarnearthebottomofyourscreen.

Toseeanexampleofwhatasecuresitelookslike,gobacktowww.kcls.org

andclickLOGINTOYOURACCOUNT.

***Practice and Have Fun!!!***

introduction to the internet level 1 & level 2

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