introduction to yr7 science ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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HAILEYBURY
What is Science?Science is a process of investigating
our world that is exciting and useful!
Science is an ongoing human activity that has already produced a body of knowledge we all use.
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HAILEYBURY
How science works
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HAILEYBURY3
How Science REALLY works!
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HAILEYBURY
Is it Science?
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HAILEYBURY
What are some of the branches of Science?
Biology is the study of living thingsPhysics is the study of energy and forces and how object behaveChemistry is the study of matter, what substances are made up of and how we change them
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HAILEYBURY
Find out what these areas of Science investigate
Areas of scientific studyAstronomy MicrobiologyBiochemistry GeologyAcoustics BotanyForensic psychology Marine ecologyPharmacology SeismologyVulcanology Entomology
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HAILEYBURY
ScientistsScientists use investigation to help us understand and explain the natural world.
They test their ideas and collect evidence to help us understand and improve our world.
They form a community that analyses and gives feedback on other scientists research. They don't always agree!
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Making Observations•Using their eyes and ears,
Scientists record what is happening.
•Observations are recorded in a Results table.
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INFERENCEA suggestion or EXPLANATION of your observations
Example:Observation – I saw bubbles in the liquidInference – A reaction is taking place that is producing a gas
Observation – broken glass on floor, broken windowInference – someone threw a stone and broke the window
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Hypothesis•An educated guess on what will happen, based
upon previous observations and basic research. • It can be tested using an experiment.
It must be testable.
See the Science Buddies website for great directions on how to write a strong hypothesis.
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Fair test• All factors that may affect the experiment need to be the same
except for one.
• These factors are called variables
• You only change one variable at a time. The variable being changed is called the INDEPENDENT variable
• All other variables are kept the same. These are called CONTROLLED variables.
• The variable that is being measured is called the DEPENDANT variable.
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VARIABLES
INDEPENDENT
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DEPENDENT
This is the variable you are investigating.
This is the one that you physically control/ manipulate to see the effect on another variable.
Example type of ball – as this causes the effect on how high is bounces.
‘ I’ changed it –’Independent”
This variable relies on the independent variable. It ‘depends’ on the other variables.
This one is the effect of the independent variable. – so this one changes on its own without us manipulating it.
You measure/observe this one.
Example – height of the ball – as this depends upon the type of ball used.
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CONTROL• This is the original test in the experiment - You keep this
constant and you use this to COMPARE your results with.
• Remember CONTROL = COMPARE.
• It is a parallel experiment where everything is the same as the original experiment except the variable you change.
• Example – plants and different amounts of salt could be compared to plants and water.
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REPETITION AND RELIABILITY•Repeat experiments minimum of 3 times in Science
classes (although Scientists often do many more!)•Calculate an average.•The purpose of repetition is to reduce the effect of
errors.
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CONCLUSIONIs a final summary bringing all the events of what happened together.
In your conclusion you should: •Restate your Aim•Comment on the hypothesis •Summarise your results to carefully highlight patterns
in your data•Relate your findings to what you have learnt about that
topic