introdution of mis
DESCRIPTION
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An Introduction to MIS Meaning of Management Information
System Characteristics of Good Information Elements of MIS Role of MIS Benefits of MIS Aim of MIS
Topics
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Management information system subject is combination of three words
INTRODUCTION OF MIS
MIS
Management
Information System
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To make the things done with proper resource at correct cost, place and schedule
To direct resources (human or material) in order to achieve certain goals
Management - An Art..!
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Management - An Art..!
Word “management” identifies a special group of people whose job is to direct the effort and activities of other people toward common objective.
Management is the process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.
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Elements of Management
Planning Organizing Directing Coordinating Controlling
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Data are facts, events, and transactions which have been recorded. They are basically the raw inputs which further get processed to become information.
When facts are filtered through one or more processes (human or system), and are ready to give certain kind of details… they are the information.
Processed data when presented in some useful and meaningful form, it is actually the information we are looking at.
What is information?
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Characteristic of Information
Information is data that has been manipulated to be useful to someone.
Information must have value.
Information tells people something they don’t already know or confirms something that they think
Appropriate Data
Accurate Information
Relevant Information
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To ensure effective & efficient decision making leading to prosperity of the organization.
Why do we require information?
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Classification of Information
By SourceBy NatureBy LevelBy Time
By Source By Nature By Level By Time
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Timeline (information about resources time like days years etc)
Location Validity From
Information Quality
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Upward Downward Horizontal Inward/
Information an organizational perspective
VERT
ICAL
INFO
RMAT
ION
HORIZONTAL INFORMATION
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System is a functional unit, which involves set of procedures/functions to produce certain outputs by processing data/information given as input.
What is System?
Input Process Output
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System /Technology A system is a group of interrelated components
working together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing output in an organized transformation process.
Characteristics of a useful system: Components of a system interrelate Systems are goal seeking. Systems have input/output. System must be controlled. System forms a hierarchy. Systems demonstrate differentiation.
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Useful information for management decisions
Comprises processed data (information), necessary for making management decisions and generally gives output in the form of tables, matrix, reports, dashboards, graphs, trends, etc for logical and analytical comparisons.
Market trend reports, sales report, IT application usage reports, Management dashboards, business information reports, research reports, etc.
What is Management Information
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What is MIS ?
PEOPLE/MANAGEMENT
TECHNOLOG/
SYSTEMINFORAMATI
ON
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Management information system MIS : Deals with the planning for development,
management ,and use of information technology to help people to perform all tasks related to information processing and management.
MIS
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Management Information System
MIS is basically a software tool which gives a holistic report of processed information based on which management can take certain critical decision on which strategy and plans could be figured out
MIS provides information that is needed to manage organizations efficiently and effectively
MIS is any organized approach for obtaining relevant and timely information on which managerial decisions are based
MIS facilitates the decision making process and enable the organizational planning, control, and operational functions to be carried out effectively
MIS is a study of how individuals, groups, and organizations evaluate, design, implement, manage, and utilize systems to generate information to improve efficiency and effectiveness of decision making.
MIS
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MIS
PeopleData/InformationTechnology
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Cont’d
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Cont’d
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Difference between MIS and ISMIS IS
MIS must not only indicate how things are going, but why they are not going as well as planned where that is the case
while MIS is applicable for managerial decision-making.
MIS can be used in any form - even manual reports, which aid decision-making
MIS is used to analyze other information systems applied in operational activities in the organization.
MIS summarize and report on the company’s basic operations. The basic transaction data from TPS are compressed and reported
IS may include systems that are not intended for decision making
IS can be applied to any area of business
IS means use of hardware and software for any business.
Information system applied to management context is called MIS
Components Of MIS 1. Resources of people: (end users and IS specialists, system analyst, programmers, data administrators etc.).
2. Hardware: (Physical computer equipments and associate device, machines and media).
3. Software: (programs and procedures). 4. Data: (data and knowledge bases)
5. Networks: (communications media and network support).
1.Resources of people
End users: (also called users or clients) are people who use an information system or the information it produces. They can be accountants, salespersons, engineers, clerks, customers, or managers.
IS Specialists: people who actually develop and operate information systems. They include systems analysts, programmers, testers, computer operators, and other managerial, technical, and clerical IS personnel.
2. Hardware Resources
Machines: as computers and other equipment along with all data media,
objects on which data is recorded and saved.
Computer systems: consist of variety of interconnected peripheral devices.
Examples are microcomputer systems, midrange computer systems, and large computer systems.
3. Software Resources Software Resources includes:
◦ System software, such as an operating system
◦ Application software, which are programs that direct processing for a particular use of computers by end users.
Cont’d 4.Data Resources Data resources include data (which is raw material of
information systems) and database. Data can take many forms, including traditional alphanumeric data, composed of numbers and alphabetical and other characters
5.Network Resources Telecommunications networks like the Internet, intranets, and
extranets have become essential to the successful operations of all types of organizations and their computer-based information systems.
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Airline Banking Hotel Information System Budgeting Tools eHRM Applicant Tracking Systems
MIS Applications
Application of MIS
Hospital Education Shopping Malls Online Shopping etc.
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Role of MIS• Effective decision making based upon:
• Quality analysis• Cost & budget analysis• Risk analysis• Market analysis• Inventory analysis• Stakeholder analysis• Feedback analysis• Behavior analysis
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Advantages Of MIS Globalisation : It has not only brought the world closer together ,but it has
allowed the worlds economy to become a single interdependent system. This means that we can bring down barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries.
Communication : With the help of this , communication has become
cheaper , quicker and more efficient. Cost effectiveness : It has helped to computerize business processes thus
streamlining businesses to make them extremely cost effective money making machines.
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Companies are able to highlight their strengths and weaknesses due to the presence of revenue reports, employees' performance record
etc. The identification of these aspects can help the company improve their business processes and operations.
Giving an overall picture of the company and acting as a communication and planning tool.
Availability of the customer data and feedback can help the company to align their business processes according to the needs of the customers. The effective management of customer data can help the company to perform direct marketing and promotion activities.
Information is considered to be an important asset for any company in the modern competitive world. The consumer buying trends and behaviors can be predicted by the analysis of sales and revenue reports from each operating region of the company.
Advantages of MIS
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Disadvantages of MIS Lack of Job Security: Industry experts believe that the internet has made
job security a big issue as technology keeps on changing with each day.
Dominant Culture: While information technology may have made the
world a global village , it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one.
Privacy: Though IT may have made communication quicker, easier
and more convenient , it has also brought along privacy issues.
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MIS Functions Data capturing Processing of data Storage Retrieval
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MIS As A Career MIS professionals are leaders who initiate ,design
and apply technology to transform business functions and produce innovative products and services.
MIS professionals have following career options:AnalystConsultantApplication Developer Data AnalystProject Leader
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Roles Of MIS Professionals MIS as a SYSTEM ANALYST study business
problems and implement systems to solve them. MIS as a CONSULTANT analyze problems and
change business processes. MIS as a APPLICATION DEVELOPER develop
software to gather and store data MIS as a DATA ANALYST extracts and analyzes
organizational data. MIS as a PROJECT LEADER organizes a team of
analysts ,programmers and others to create an innovative solution.
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Importance of MIS Decision making (rational)– managerial
function Reliable, timely info – essential MIS – a logical, well-structured method of
info collection, processing, and propagating to decision-makers
Era of liberalization and globalization Era of computers and IT MIS – nerve centre
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Purpose of MIS degree/course People pursuing MIS degrees must possess
following qualities:Good problem solving skillsExcellent communication skillsAbility to effectively manage time and
resourcesAbility to think strategically about technology.
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Thanks..!