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Battles, The Emancipation Proclamation, The Gettysburg Address, and Union Victory

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The firing at what fort started the Civil War?

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Fort Sumter, South Carolina

April 12, 1861-The Civil War begins.

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Union and Confederate leaders thought the Civil War would be over quickly.

Union leaders wanted to attack the Confederacy even though their troops were not fully trained.

Union forces headed towards Manassas, Virginia. Manassas is also called Bull Run.

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First Battle of Bull Run July 1861

General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson led the Confederates to a victory.

The South had a better trained army.

Union troops ran away from the battlefield.

Confederates became confident.

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Battle of Antietam-September 1862

The Confederates attacked the Union in Maryland because General Robert E. Lee wanted a victory in the North.

More than 23,000 soldiers were killed or wounded.

The Union won this battle.

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The Emancipation Proclamation

To emancipate is to set free. A proclamation is an order to do something. Notes:

3. The Emancipation Proclamation was a special order by President Lincoln that freed (emancipated) slaves in states that were fighting against the Union.

VIDEO

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Lincoln waited for the Union victory at Antietam before he gave the Emancipation Proclamation. Why do you think he did this?

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Lincoln's advisors asked him to wait for a victory in a battle before telling everyone about his new plan. They decided this so it would not look like the government needed freed slaves to save the Union.

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Battle of Gettysburg July 1863

A three day battle that the Union won.There were 51,000 casualties

combined on both sides. This battle tired out the Confederate

army. General Robert E. Lee would never attempt an attack this big again.

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The Gettysburg AddressNovember 1863

NOTES

12. After the Battle of Gettysburg, President Lincoln went to Gettysburg and declared the battlefield a national cemetery for Union soldiers. He read his famous speech, the Gettysburg Address. He did this because he wanted to honor the soldiers.

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The Only Known Photograph of President Lincolnat the dedication of the Civil War cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, November 19, 1863

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Close up of Abraham Lincoln delivering the Gettysburg Address

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The End of the War

Notes: 13. General Lee’s

confederate troops were starving and their clothes were torn. Shortly after, General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.

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Lee surrenders to Grant.

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Many people in the North wanted the Confederate leaders to be punished.

Lincoln just wanted the country to reunite quickly and peacefully.

Southern soldiers were given food rations and were able to return to their homes.

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Why was the Emancipation Proclamation important?