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Invasive Non-Native Species Action Plan2013-2015

This Action Plan is produced with financial support from DEFRAProduced April 2013 Written by Sally Potts Invasives Project Officer; BEACON

Thanks to the following people for their help and support in producing this action plan:

GB Non-Native Species Secretariat

Bekka Corrie Close Cumbria Freshwater Invasive Non-Native Species Initiative

Neil Green Avon Invasive Weeds Forum

Katherine Causer Environment Agency

Emma Houghton Bollin Valley Partnership

Simon Hiley National Trust

Richard Gibbs

Geoff & Nikki Griffiths The Design Project (NW)

Acknowledgements

CONTENTSInvasive Non-Native Species Action Plan 2013-2015

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Invasive non-native species established within the Bollin Catchment area

Table 2 Invasive non-native species believed to be present at designated sites

Table 3 Invasive non-native species with a high risk of introduction into the Bollin Catchment

Table 4 Pathways of introduction and partner organisations in the Bollin Catchment

Table 5 BEACON aims and outputs for the INNS project

Table 6 Existing INNS control activities within the Bollin Catchment area

Table 7 Roles and/or actions of partners and stakeholders in promoting awareness of INNS issues

Table 8 Wildlife and Countryside Act List of Plants in Schedule 9

LIST OF MAPS

Map 1 – Map of Bollin Catchment area

Map 2 – Map of River Dean

Map 3 – Map of brooks and meres within Bollin Catchment

Map 4 – Map of designated sites within Bollin Catchment

Map 5 – Map of Upper Bollin section

Map 6 – Map of Central Bollin section

Map 7 – Map of Lower Bollin section

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 – Identification Guides for INNS

Appendix 2 – Governance document and ToR

Appendix 3 – Wildlife and Countryside Act List of Plants in Schedule 9

Appendix 4 – List of designated sites within the Bollin Catchment

Appendix 5 – Commonly used control methods for INNS

Appendix 6 – List of National Priorities for INNS

Appendix 7 – Biosecurity Campaigns

Appendix 8 – Useful Websites

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Introduction to the Bollin Catchment

2. Project background

3. The context

3.1 Invasive non-native species – The Problem

3.2 The Invasive non-native species problem in the Bollin Catchment

3.2.1 Upper Bollin – Langley to Macclesfield

3.2.2 Central Bollin – Macclesfield to Manchester Airport

3.2.3 Lower Bollin – Manchester Airport to Manchester Ship Canal

3.2.4 River Dean

3.2.5 Brooks and meres

3.3 Non-native species – current and potential threats

3.4 Existing policy and legislation

3.5 Synergy with existing strategic and management plans

4. Scope and purpose of this Action Plan

4.1 BEACON aims and objectives

4.2 Existing INNS control activities within Bollin Catchment area

4.3 Roles and actions of partners and stakeholders

4.4 Future project funding

5. Surveys and monitoring

6. Monitoring and reviewing the Action Plan

7. Forward planning

7.1 Funding acquired – specifically for INNS

7.2 Funding acquired – not specifically for INNS

7.3 No Funding acquired

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This Action Plan addresses the issue of invasive non-native species within the Bollin Catchment in Cheshire. It describes the current status of non-native species in the catchment and the risk and threats from future invasives. It presents actions for the prevention, early detection, control and where possible eradication of INNS.

The success of the Plan rests on a catchment-wide, strategic partnership approach involving a diverse range of stakeholders. Education, awareness raising and community involvement will be essential to sustaining success.

Our vision is:

This will be achieved by taking a catchment based approach with coordinated local action. Monitoring, control and education will form the foundation of this Plan.

The vision will be realised through a range of aims and objectives identified for each partner and other stakeholders, which are in accordance with the Invasive Non Native Species Framework Strategy for Great Britain (2008).

As part of the implementation of this Plan, there will inevitably need to be changes made where inadequacies are identified over time. Thus, the Plan will be regularly evaluated and formally reviewed every two years.

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

DEFINITIONSWhat are Invasive Non-Native Species?Invasive non-native species (INNS) are species that have been transported outside of their natural range and can damage our environment, environmental services, the economy, our health and the way we live. The impacts of INNS are so significant, that they are considered to be one of the greatest threats to biodiversity worldwide. INNS threaten the survival of rare native species and damage sensitive ecosystems and habitats.

What is Biosecurity?Biosecurity literally means ‘safe life’. It is a set of preventive measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious diseases, quarantined pests, non-native species and modified living organisms. In this context biosecurity measures are developed and adopted to prevent the spread of invasive non-native species.

What is a Catchment?In the context of this Plan a catchment is a geographic area defined naturally by surface water hydrology. It is also known as the watershed and is the area of land where surface water from rain and melting snow converges to a single point at a lower elevation. For a map of the Bollin Catchment see page 7.

DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ABBREVIATIONS

ABBREVIATION DESIGNATIONS

BEACON Bollin Environmental Action & Conservation

BVP Bollin Valley PartnershipCEC Cheshire East CouncilCWT Cheshire Wildlife TrustDEFRA Department for Environment, Food

and Rural AffairsEA Environment AgencyFOBB Friends of Bowden Bollin

FOTC Friends of the Carrs

KRIV Kerridge Ridge and Ingersley Vale

LAG Local Action Group

MA Manchester Airport

MMU Manchester Metropolitan University

NNSS Non-Native Species Secretariat

NT National Trust

PAAS Prince Albert Angling Society

UU United Utilities

Organisations

Nature Conservation DesignationsABBREVIATION DESIGNATIONS

NNR National Nature Reserve

RAMSAR The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Wildfowl Habitats

SAC Special Area of Conservation

SSSI Site of Special Scientific InterestLNR Local Nature Reserve

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Invasive Non-Native Species Action Plan 2013-2015Invasive Non-Native Species Action Plan 2013-2015

‘to have a river catchment free from invasive species where our native wildlife thrives.’

The BEACON INNS project covers the River Bollin Catchment area, which includes the River Bollin, River Dean, Mobberley Brook, Birkin Brook, Tatton Mere, Rostherne Mere, Mere Mere and all streams, watercourses and water impoundments that link to the River Bollin up to its confluence with the Manchester Ship Canal.

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1.Introduction to the Catchment

A map showing the geographical limits of the catchment can be found on page 7.

The River Bollin is located within the Mersey Basin in the North West of England. It arises at Toot Hill on the edge of Macclesfield Forest in the east of Cheshire and flows for 47km through the towns of Macclesfield, Wilmslow, Bowdon and Dunham to it’s confluence with the Manchester Ship Canal at Bollin Point near Lymm. There are a number of reservoirs located in the headwaters of the River Bollin. Ridgegate and Trentabank provide drinking water and Bottoms and Teggs Nose Reservoirs are important sites for wildlife and recreation

A major tributary of the River Bollin is the River Dean which arises at Longclough in Macclesfield Forest on the western edge of the Peak District, above the small village of Rainow. It is headed by Lamaload Reservoir which is managed by United Utilities to supply drinking water to Macclesfield. The River Dean flows through mainly rural areas and finally joins the River Bollin between Wilmslow and Styal.

Also within the catchment to the south of the River Bollin is a network of brooks (Mobberley, Pedley, Birkin, Marthall) and meres (Rostherne, Tatton and Mere) that flow into the Bollin close to Dunham Massey. Rostherne Mere covers an area of 119 acres, and is one of the largest natural meres in Cheshire. At 30m deep in some places it is exceptionally deep for a natural lowland lake. It supports a wide range of

wildfowl over the winter, including pochard, mallard, teal, pintail and shoveler. Due to the large size and depth of the mere, and the distinctive plants and animals that inhabit the area, Rostherne Mere is a NNR, and as such is managed by Natural England. The notable wildfowl species it supports also gives the mere its RAMSAR designation, and the areas surrounding the site are SSSI’s to create a sensitively managed buffer zone surrounding the mere. Associated with the reserve there are also areas of reedbed, woodland and grazed pasture, which are home to other important plants and animals.

Tatton Mere can be found within Tatton Park, a 1,000 acre parkland managed by Cheshire East Council, but owned by the National Trust. Tatton Park comprises various habitats including two meres, woodlands, many ponds and rough grassland. It is thus designated a RAMSAR site and SSSI in recognition of the winter populations of wildfowl that seek refuge here and the abundant wildflowers and plant life. Sand martins and swallows can be seen over the mere in summer, as well as bats hawking insects off the mere at dusk. In winter, wildfowl numbers increase with widgeon and tufted duck arriving at the mere. Sailing, water sports and coarse fishing are permitted with prior permission, with anglers able to catch carp, roach, bream and tench. Wildlife also thrives in the 500 acres of woodland surrounding the mere, which is also managed by Cheshire East Council.

A map showing the geographical limits of the catchment can be seen opposite.


1 Bollin LAG Governance Document (2012)

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River Dean

Lamaload Reservoir

Macclesfield Canal

Red Brook

Harrop Brook

Handforth Brook

Pott Shrigley Brook

River Dean

Adlington Brook

River Dean sub-catchment Reservoir

River

Canal

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Kilometers /

The BEACON INNS project was established to help identify, control and where possible eradicate INNS in the River Bollin Catchment using a co-ordinated approach. This Plan forms the basis for local action, which is supported by a network of around 20 partner organisations. A Terms of Reference and Governance document was approved by the BEACON Steering Group in January 2013, and can be found in Appendix 1, page 34. Throughout the course of the project it is important to review current membership of the project Steering Group, and identify and engage with new stakeholders as the project develops and progresses. Where appropriate, new stakeholders will be invited to join the Steering Group following the agreement of existing members. Sub-groups or technical groups may be created as and when required to ensure the focussed implementation of this project. Currently three main INNS are being targeted by the project. These species are: Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), Himlayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) and giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum).

Identification notes for each of these species can be found in Appendix 1, Page 34.In subsequent years it is hoped that, resources permitting, the project will be able to expand to survey, monitor and control more invasive species and begin to look at the health of habitats in the river catchment as a whole. Thus, the Bollin LAG exists to:‘…improve the water environment and associated habitats of the Bollin Catchment with the initial focus of controlling, managing and eradicating non-native species.’ This far-reaching aim will be achieved by undertaking the following actions during the life-span of the project:a. Working together and with others to understand the issuesb. Discussing and agreeing priorities and outcomes in consultation with other stakeholdersc. Sharing information, resources and learning throughout the catchmentd. Working together and with others to tackle difficult issues that require multi-agency input

e Working collaboratively to deliver work on the ground to achieve the agreed outcomes.Whilst the actions above relate to the aims of BEACON as a whole, the actions specific to the INNS project and this action plan are explained in depth in Section 4 (page 22). The INNS project work will adopt a whole catchment approach, with initial efforts concentrated in the uppermost regions of the river catchment, and working in a downstream direction. Consequently the catchment has been split up into five sections to enable this work to be carried out in a focussed and strategic manner. This approach will be explained in further detail in Section 3.2. (Page 13).

BEACON (formally known as the Bollin Local Action Group) was set up following a successful stakeholder workshop in January 2010 after the need for a strategic and co-ordinated approach to invasive non-native species in the Bollin Catchment was identified. Funding from DEFRA to support the project was secured in April 2012, and an Invasives Project Officer was appointed in October 2012, hosted by the National Trust.

2.ProjectBackground

Mere Mere is one of the smaller natural lakes in the catchment, and follows the large linear village of Mere, near Knutsford in Cheshire. The mere itself is surrounded by large houses with ample gardens that lead down to the mere. Management of much of the mere is down to the individuals that own small sections where their gardens meet the lake.

Fishing in the Bollin Catchment has historically been for trout as the rivers flowed through large and wealthy estates where they formed part of the sporting scene. The rivers now support diverse populations of fish including roach, chub, perch and grayling as well as brown trout. In recent years Atlantic salmon have returned due to improvements in water quality and the creation of fish passes at impassable weirs like those at Heatley, Little Bollington and Quarry Bank Mill. Important and iconic species such as otters and water voles also make the catchment their home.

Stoneflies, caddisflies, dragonflies and damselflies live in the more undisturbed parts of the catchment, along with birds like the dipper and kingfisher. All three native species of woodpecker can be found in the catchment as well as a variety of small mammals and important insect species such as the white-letter hairstreak butterfly.

There are also a number of small brooks and streams within the Bollin Catchment and two major canal systems; the Macclesfield Canal which runs north to south through the eastern part of the catchment and the Bridgewater Canal which cuts across the western end of the catchment.

2BEACON Governance Document (2013)

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There are 2,720 non-native species in the UK, 66% of which are plants but only a small minority of these are invasive. It is this small but significant number of non-native species that have a major impact on native flora and fauna. According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, INNS are the second greatest threat to biodiversity, being capable of colonising a wide range of habitats and out-competing or excluding native flora and fauna. Over the last 400 years, INNS have contributed to 40% of animal extinctions where the cause of extinction is known. With water being an excellent transport medium for the dispersal of many of these species, riparian habitats (river and lake banks, shorelines etc) are among the most vulnerable areas for the introduction, spread and impact of INNS. The ecological changes wrought by these species can also threaten already endangered native species and reduce the natural productivity and amenity value of affected habitats. Many countries including the UK are now facing complex and costly problems associated with invasive species: The Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International (CABI) has estimated that INNS cost the British economy £1.7 billion per year. In the UK, Japanese knotweed is believed to affect an area roughly the size of London, and in the

Review of Non-Native Species Policy it was estimated that the total cost of its removal in 2003 using available techniques was £1.56 billion. It was estimated in 2008 that the cost for the whole country for the control, management and disposal of floating pennywort came to £1.93 million. Without some form of coordinated and systematic approach to prevent the introduction of, and to control the spread of INNS, it is inevitable that the ecological, social and economic impacts will be increasingly apparent as well as the costs for mitigation, control and eradication of these species increasing.Given the high costs involved in the mitigation, control and eradication of INNS, this plan addresses the need for prevention and rapid response to the introduction of INNS before they become established as well as managing already established infestations.The complex and multiple pathways for entry and spread into the Bollin Catchment, as well as the persistence of many of these species means that a partnership approach involving a diverse range stakeholders to prevent introductions and maintain control of these species is essential.The need to increase public awareness of the problem of INNS and to provide thorough horizon scanning through surveillance and monitoring of the current problem is also highlighted.

3.The Context

3.2The invasive non-native species problem in the Bollin Catchment

3.2.1Upper Bollin - Langley to Macclesfield Town Centre (Map above)

3.1Invasive Non-Native Species – The Problem

The Bollin Catchment has been split into five separate areas, with different tactics adopted for each area dependent upon the quality and quantity of baseline data available, and species’ present. Maps showing the boundaries of these areas can be found on pages 13, 15 and 16. The catchment sections are explained below along with the current status of non-natives in each of these areas:

This area of the catchment, located on the western edge of the Peak District, is approximately 65km2. This section houses four significant reservoirs, a popular Country Park and areas managed by CEC and the Woodland Trust. Mapping of the invasive species in this section of the catchment was completed by a student from MMU in 2006, and work commissioned by the EA in 2010. Both sets of mapping show a sparse distribution of Japanese knotweed and Himalayan balsam, with a complete absence of giant hogweed in this section. Following recent surveys done by the Project Officer in 2012 this still appears to be the case.

INNS are increasing in ecological and economic significance. Natural barriers to the movement of species, such as oceans and mountains, have historically resulted in unique ecosystems developing throughout the world. Globalisation has expanded the possibilities, extent and complexity of human movement and that of commodities, which has increased unintentional and intentional introductions of species outside their natural range. This has caused INNS to become established away from their natural competitors and predators.

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GB NNSS (2011)

Convention on Biological Diversity (2006)

Williams et. al., (2010) The Economic Cost of Invasive Non-Native Species on Great Britain.

DEFRA (2003) Review of Non-Native Species Policy

Newman. J (2010) European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) – Datasheets on Quarantine Pests: Floating Pennywort

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3.2.2Central Bollin – Macclesfield to Manchester Airport

3.2.3Lower Bollin – Manchester Airport to the Manchester Ship Canal (Map 7 Page 16)

3.2.4 River Dean (Map 2 )

The Central Bollin Catchment comprises one SSSI site, one LNR and one Country Park creating a section approximately 93km2 in size. In this section, mapping between the 2006 and 2010 surveys showed a rapid increase in the quantity and density of both Japanese knotweed and Himalayan balsam. This situation continues to abound in 2012, although where work has been carried out to control these species in the previous two years (e.g. The Carrs, Styal Estate) positive results are being seen.

This area includes four SSSI sites, one Country Park and one NNR, making up a section of approximately 129km2. Here there is a wide distribution of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed and giant hogweed which form very dense stands. More giant hogweed is found in this area than any other section of the catchment. In recent years, work has been undertaken to manually and chemically control giant hogweed in this area. Himalayan balsam has been manually removed alongside a spraying regime for Japanese knotweed.

The River Dean is the major tributary of the River Bollin. It is approximately 20km long and flows through woodland, and mainly agricultural and arable fields. Here there is a patchy distribution of Himalayan balsam between its source and Bollington Town Centre, which has been controlled in places by local residents and volunteer groups. From Bollington to where the Dean meets the River Bollin, the density of Himalayan balsam increases, and Japanese knotweed can also be found in discreet patches. The Himalayan balsam in the Wilmslow area is being controlled, and some work has been done to control Japanese knotweed here.

3.2.5Brooks and Meres (Map 3 Page 9)

3.3Current and Potential ThreatsThis section of the Plan identifies the current and potential threats that various INNS pose to the Bollin Catchment. The species in this section have been highlighted as they: Already exist in the Bollin Catchment Potentially have serious consequences for local biodiversity and economy Have a high risk of introduction into the area (through close proximity or pathways available for introduction)

The meres themselves cover over 12km2 and include Rostherne, Tatton and Mere Meres. The brooks include Birkin and Mobberley Brook (the most significant of the brooks in the catchment) which together total approximately 17.5km. The meres in this section include two RAMSAR sites, two SSSI sites and one NNR. Himalayan balsam and small populations of Japanese knotweed can be found at each of the meres, with Rostherne Mere home to two giant hogweed plants. At Rostherne and Tatton Mere work has been done by staff and volunteers to control both Himlayan balsam and Japanese knotweed. There is currently no baseline data available for the status of INNS at Mere Mere, or if it is under management. Again, little is known about the current status of INNS along the brooks, other than incidental sightings of Himalayan balsam where the brooks meet the River Bollin. It is not known whether any control work has been done along the brooks to control INNS.

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Table 1 (opposite) lists the species that are established within the Bollin Catchment, and Table 2 (opposite) lists the species believed to be already present at designated nature conservation sites. From Table 1, it can be seen that, although this project only has the staffing and resources to be able to focus on three priority invasive non-native plant species, there are many more non-native species becoming established throughout the catchment.

The occurrence of INNS at designated sites (see Table 2), highlights the importance of tackling the non-native problem as they begin to have an impact on protected sites, which are home to rare habitats, scarce flora and fauna and distinct geological features.

Species Upper Bollin Central Bollin River Dean Lower Bollin Brookes and Meres

Priority Specie for BEACON

Japanese Knotweed x x x x x x

Giant Hogweed o x x x x x

Himalayan Balsam x x x x x x

American Mink x x x x x

New Zealand Pigmyweed

? x ? x ?

American Skunk Cabbage

o o x x x

American Signal Crayfish

? x x x ?

Rhododendron spp. x x x x x

Snow Berry o x x ? ?

Gunnera x x ? o o

Floating Pennywort ? ? ? ? ?

Crassula ? x ? x ?

Species NNR SSS1 RAMSAR LNR Country Park

Japanese Knotweed o o o x ?

Giant Hogweed x x x x o

Himalayan Balsam x x x x o

American Mink x x x x ?

New Zealand Pigmyweed ? ? ? x ?

American Skunk Cabbage x o x x o

American Signal Crayfish ? ? ? x x

Rhododendron spp. x x x x x

Snow Berry o o o o o

Table 1 Invasive Non-Native Species Established within the Bollin Catchment

Table 2 Invasive Non-Native Species Believed to be Present at Designated Sites

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A list of priority INNS species for the UK is given in Appendix 6, Page 46. This list ranks species in priority order and also indicates priorities for management of that INNS once detected.

x = Present o = Absent ? = No data available

Pathway Pathway of Introduction

Intentional introduction or planting • Local Councils• Planning Departments• Developers (brownfield or new build)• Contractors• ‘Guerrilla’ gardeners • Local interest groups and ‘Friends of’ groups• Bee Keepers• Travellers / Manchester Airport• Illegal fish stocking• Release of unwanted species (plant or animal) from various

producers or general publicUnintentional introduction • Local Councils

• Developers (brownfield or new build)• Contractors• Natural movement of wildlife• Tourism / Manchester Airport• Livestock • Ramblers / Dog Walkers• Airborne diseases / parasites

Fouling and ballast water from freshwater vessels • Recreational water users • Riparian and water landowners• Boat operators (mainly canals)• Local canoe and water sports organisations• Canals and Rivers Trust

Sale from garden or pond centres • Horticultural Trade – Large companies and private enterprises • Association / Ornamental Fish Producers

Contaminated watersports equipment • Recreational water users (e.g canoeists, boat operators etc) • Fishery owners/ Stillwater fisheries • Anglers / Angling Clubs / online fisheries

Escape and spread from fish farms, ponds and gardens • Aquaculture • Riparian, riverside and lakeshore landowners• Members of the public/recreational users • Stillwater fisheries• Anglers• Release of unwanted species (plant or animal) from various

producers or general publicMovement of contaminated soils or vehicles • Large landowners (e.g Local Councils/EA/NT/UU)

• Farmers • Building contractors / Developers• Nature conservation organisations• Ramblers / Dog Walkers

Movement of hired machinery used across catchments for in-river engineering work

• Engineering hire companies, • Large landowners (e.g Local Councils/EA/NT/UU)• Farmers• Engineering and landscaping contractors

Improper control and disposal measures e.g. cutting and dumping without treatment

• Large landowners (e.g Local Councils/EA/NT/UU)• Riparian, riverside and lakeshore landowners• Landscaping contractors• Members of the public / Gardeners• Conservation organisations• Skip Hire

Fish stocking • Fisheries Regulatory Bodies (e.g EA) • Angling clubs/Angling industry• Fish Farms / Stillwater fisheries• Illegal fish introductions

Table 4 Pathways of introduction and organisations in the Bollin Catchment

There are several aquatic and riparian INNS that are not yet known to be present in the Bollin Catchment, as well as species that we know very little about, which could pose a great threat if introduced. Pathways and means of introduction into the Bollin Catchment are included in Table 3 (below) as well as ways that partner organisations and stakeholders can affect these pathways detailed Table 4 (opposite).

In order to prevent the spread of these INNS and diseases, pathways identified need to be monitored and restricted through the adoption of biosecurity methods. When initially detected in the catchment, rapid response methods must be employed. Where feasible, existing populations of INNS must be controlled or eradicated, and their impacts mitigated.

Table 3 Invasive non-native species with a high risk of introduction into the Bollin Catchment

Species Risk Factor Pathway of Introduction Local Impacts

Crayfish Plague (Aphanomyces astaci)

High Risk From intentional/unintentional introduction of infected signal crayfish. From unintentional introduction of plague spores through: • Fish stocking• Clothing, footwear or equipment which has been in

contact with infected water• Machinery used across catchments for in-river

engineering work • Ballast water

Catastrophic impact on white clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) populations potentially in the Bollin catchment.

Water Primrose (Ludwigia peploides)

High Risk By unintentional introduction via anglers, water sport enthusiasts and contractors through: • Plant fragments on clothing and/or equipment• Introduction from ornamental ponds

• Out-competes native species by forming a dense cover on the water surface, blocking out light and causing deoxygenation.

• Dense and continuous stands can be a health hazard as the water surface appears to be solid.

• Increases risks of flooding by blocking watercourse and drainage channels.

Water Fern(Azolla filiculoides)

Medium Risk Through unintentional introduction via anglers, water sport enthusiasts and contractors through: • Plant fragments on clothing and/or equipment• Accidental introduction from ornamental ponds

• Out-competes native species by forming a dense cover on the water surface, blocking out light and causing deoxygenation.



Freshwater fish, fish parasites or diseases (e.g Top Mouth Gudgeon)

Medium Risk By unintentional introduction from anglers and water sport enthusiasts through: • Stocking of contaminated fish • Clothing/equipment which has been in contact with

infected water• Ballast water• Escapes from fisheries in flood plain• Illegal fish stocking

Projected catastrophic impact on salmon (Salmo salar) populations.

Fanwort(Camomba caroliniana)

Low Risk By unintentional introduction via anglers, water sport enthusiasts and contractors through: • Plant fragments on clothing, equipment (including

canoes)• Accidental introduction from ornamental ponds

• Out-competes native species by forming a dense covering on the surface of the water, blocking out light and causing deoxygenation.



Invasvie Non-Native Shrimps (Killer Shrimp, Bloody Red Shrimp)

Low Risk By unintentional introductions from boat hulls, introduction by anglers and water sports enthusiasts. At present found in Grafham Water, Cambridgeshire and two sites in Wales.

• Displacement and/or local extinction of native gammarid species

• Have been observed attacking small fish which raises concerns over whether vulnerable life stages (eggs, larvae and juveniles) of fish may also be at risk

• May be an intermediate host for acanthocephalan worms (parasites of birds and fish)

Fish outside their native range

Low Risk By live bait, ballast water, fish stock movements and accidental releases from aquaria.

• Out-compete native species• May prey on native fish eggs and larvae• May carry important fish diseases not yet

present in the UK

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This project also ascribes itself to the precautionary principle, which describes a way of approaching policy and decision making in the absence of full scientific certainty. In the Rio Declaration, Principle 15, it states that:‘Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.’ The actions presented in this Plan conform to, and are supported by UK Government legislation associated with the prevention, management and treatment of INNS, diseases and parasites: Section 14 of The Wildlife and

Countryside Act (1981) makes it an offence to allow any animal (including hybrids) which is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain, to escape into the wild; or release it into the wild; or to release or to allow to escape from captivity, any animals that is listed on Schedule 9 of the 1981 Act. It is also an offence to plant or otherwise cause to grow in the wild any plant listed on Schedule 9 of the 1981 Act. This list was expanded in March 2010 and now includes many of the country’s most problematic aquatic and riparian INNS. See Appendix 2 (page 36).

The Environmental Protection Act 1990 contains a number of legal provisions concerning “controlled waste”, which are set out in Part II. Any soil contaminated with Japanese knotweed or giant hogweed plant material that has been discarded is classified as controlled waste. This means that it is an offence to deposit, treat, keep or dispose of controlled waste without a licence.

The Waste Management Licensing Regulations 1994 define the licensing requirements which include “waste relevant objectives”. These require that waste is recovered or disposed of “without endangering human health and without using processes or methods which could harm the environment”.

Controlled Waste (Registration of Carriers and Seizure of Vehicles) Regulations 1991 and the Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991 provide guidance for the handling and transfer of controlled waste.

Local authorities also have some relevant powers in Section 215 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. This provides the authority with a discretionary power to require landowners to clean up ‘land adversely affecting the amenity of the neighbourhood’ which may be relevant to the control of INNS.

Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy for England’s Wildlife and Ecosystem Services. This Strategy lists invasive non-native species as one of the direct environmental pressures on biodiversity and has a priority action.

From April 2014 there is to be a ban on the sale of five INNS (water fern, parrot’s feather, floating pennywort, water primrose and Australian swamp stonecrop) from garden centres and other plant sales outlets. This aims to address the INNS problem that is costing the UK £1.7bn each year.

The Environment Agency issues guidance notes on the use of herbicides in or near water, and codes of practice for removal of Japanese knotweed

As this plan is being written the EU is currently working on developing a strategy on alien invasive species, which will direct and further influence development of this action plan

3.4Existing Policy and LegislationThe UK has international obligations to address INNS issues, principally through the Water Framework Directive, the Water White Paper, the Environment White Paper, the EU Habitats and Birds Directives, the Convention of Biological Diversity including the International Plant Protection

Convention, and the Bern Convention on Conservation of European Wildlife and Habitats. The aims and objectives of this plan are also in accordance with the vision of the Invasive Non-Native Species Framework Strategy for Great Britain, which is as follows:

This INNS Action Plan, as well as linking to Government policy, also reflects the provisions and requirements of the following plans:

North West River Basin Management Plan

Mersey Estuary Management Plan

Cheshire Region Biodiversity Action Plan

Trafford Biodiversity Action Plan

Manchester City Council LBAP

Rostherne Mere Management Plan

Tatton Park Management Plan

This Plan furthermore supports the conservation objectives of the designated conservation areas within the catchment area, which are:

One National Nature Reserve

Two RAMSAR sites

Five Sites of Special Scientific Interest

Seven Local Nature Reserves

Four Wildlife Trust Reserves

Six Woodland Trust Reserves

RIGs Sites

A full list of the designated sites within the Bollin Catchment is given in Appendix 4 (Page 44), and can be seen on Map 4, Page 10.

widespread awareness and understanding of the risks and adverse impacts associated with invasive non native species, and greater vigilance against these;a stronger sense of shared responsibility across government, key stakeholder organisations, land managers and the general public for actions and behaviours that will reduce the threats posed by

invasive non-native species or the impacts they cause; and,a guiding framework for national, regional and local invasive non-native species mitigation, control or eradication initiatives helping to reduce the significant detrimental impact of invasive non-native species on sensitive and vulnerable habitats and species.

Our vision is that when this vision is fully implemented, biodiversity, quality of life and economic interests in Great Britain will be better protected against the adverse impacts of invasive non-native species because there will be:

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DEFRA (2008) The Invasive Non-Native Species Framework Strategy for Great Britain

UNEP (1992) Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

HM Government UK (1981) Wildlife and Countryside Act

HM Government UK (1990) Environmental Protection Act

HM Government UK (1994) Waste Management Licensing Regulations

HM Government UK (1991) Controlled Waste (Registration of Carriers and Seizure of Vehicles) Regulations

HM Government UK (1992) Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations

HM Government UK (1990) Town and Country Planning Act

DEFRA (2010) Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy for England’s Wildlife and Ecosystem Services

GBNNSS (2013) https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/nonnativespecies/news/index.cfm?id=107

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18 3.5Synergy with Existing Strategic and Management Plans


4.Scope and purpose of this Action Plan

4.1BEACON Aims

The Vision for this Plan is:To have a river catchment free from invasive species where our native wildlife thrives. This will be achieved through surveys and monitoring, education, awareness raising and local action.

The ultimate key to ensuring the efficacy and success of this Plan is to raise local awareness, build capacity and forge partnerships. This will facilitate the success and long term sustainability of the actions presented.

Our Vision presented in Section 4 (opposite) will be achieved through the realisation of the following aims:

The actions required to achieve these aims are given in Table 5 (page 24-25)

This plan describes the problems posed by INNS associated with aquatic and riparian habitats within the Bollin Catchment, and presents actions that have been agreed amongst the BEACON Steering Group partners for the early detection, identification, control and where possible eradication of selected INNS. This plan also includes horizon scanning and biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction and spread of further INNS. This Action Plan will be reviewed and updated every two years.

7To control and where possible eradicate Himalayan balsam from the Bollin Catchment.

5To engage with local landowners and raise their awareness of INNS and the problems of they cause in the Bollin Catchment, and also increase the number of landowners committed to take action to control INNS on their land.

8To control and where possible eradicate giant hogweed from the Bollin Catchment.

6To control and where possible eradicate Japanese knotweed from the Bollin Catchment.

9To control and where possible eradicate Gunnera from the Bollin Catchment.

10To control and where possible eradicate Rhododendron from the Bollin Catchment.

11To know the distribution and relevant abundance of Japanese knotweed, Himalayan balsam, giant hogweed and other invasive plant species in the Bollin Catchment.

12To secure additional funding to ensure sustained coordinated activity in the long term.

1To develop a coordinated and cohesive plan to deliver control activities for invasive species in the Bollin Catchment as outlined in the NWRBMP and the INNS Framework Strategy for GB.

2To improve BEACON coordination and gain support from stakeholders.

3To engage local communities in the project to increase its sustainability, and raise public awareness of INNS issues.

4To increase the number of people taking action to control INNS and ensure that action is more coordinated.

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Table 5 BEACON Aims and Actions for the INNS Project

PROJECT AIMS PROJECT ACTIONS MILESTONES

1. DEVELOP A COORDINATED PLAN

There is a coordinated and cohesive plan developed to deliver control activities for invasive species in the Bollin Catchment as outlined in the NWRBMP and the INNS Framework Strategy for GB.

January 2013 Bollin LAG Action Plan reviewed & updated to include bio-security measures and extend scope of group in relation to INNS species covered by action plan.

2. BEACON GROUP COORDINATION

• Further develop and promote BEACON• Coordinate BEACON INNS activities• Carry out stakeholder mapping and develop

partnerships with other stakeholders to secure additional action for INNS

• Monitor & report progress against the Action Plan

• Plan and deliver quarterly BEACON meetings• Develop funding bids for sustainability of

INNS project

Follow Action Plan and continue to develop and deliver control activities for invasive species in the Bollin Catchment. The BEACON INNS Action Plan is reviewed and updated to ensure continued delivery of NWRBMP actions and the INNS Framework Strategy for GB.Progress is reviewed and reported to stakeholders and local communities, and best practice and lessons learnt are communicated to others.Additional funding is secured to sustain coordinated activity in the long term.

March 2013 Additional stakeholders identified and contacted.March 2013 End of year report produced.2013 to project end LAG quarterly meetings.December 2013 Fundraising plan completed for continuation of LAG beyond March 2015.January 2015 Funding secured for continuation of Bollin LAG activities.

3. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND AWARENESS RAISING

• Develop and implement a community engagement plan

• Coordinate with Cheshire INNS Group to promote awareness and control activity

• Explore available resources that can be used to promote INNS to a range of audiences

• Promote INNS awareness and bio-security amongst stakeholders and local communities through targeted events

• Make links with universities and colleges to promote student INNS projects in the Bollin catchments

More people are aware of INNS in the Bollin Catchment and the problems they cause, (i.e. reduce local biodiversity, impact on water quality through erosion of riverbanks and prohibit access). There is a coordinated plan of activity to reduce the impact of INNS throughout the Bollin Catchment.The risk of introduction of new invasive species to the catchment has been reduced.We have a better understanding of the problems caused by INNS and the solutions for tackling them in the Bollin Catchment.

March 2013 Collation/production of interpretation and educational material.March 2013/14/15 Programme of control events publicised.April 2014 Run a bio-security workshop for anglers.Oct 2013 Student project initiated.

4. CO-ORDINATED COMMUNITY ACTION

• Provide support to existing local community action groups

• Develop new local community action groups • Establish and run events to secure new volunteers • Establish and run events to encourage schools

involvement

More people take action to control INNS and action is more coordinated.

Summer 2013 35 control events organised/supported, 350 volunteers engaged.Summer 2014 40 control events organised/supported, 400 volunteers engaged.

5. LANDOWNER ENGAGEMENT

• Compilation of a landowner database • Engagement with landowners to develop new

areas for control • Develop and hold a landowner workshop on

INNS ID and control

More landowners are aware of INNS in the Bollin Catchment and the problems they cause, (i.e. reduce local biodiversity, and impact on water quality through erosion of riverbanks, loss of land value).An increased number of landowners have committed to take action to control INNS on their land.

November 2013 Database compiled. Dec 2013 Landowner engagement plan developed. May 2014 Landowner workshop held.October 2014 10 landowners signed up to control INNS on their land.

6. CONTROL AND ERADICATION - JAPANESE KNOTWEED

• Identify sites for control and gain necessary permissions

• Carry out appropriate control actions • Employ contractor to spray JKW on difficult

sites (10 days 2012, 10 days 2013, 10 days 2014)

Japanese knotweed is, where possible, eradicated from the catchment. Where it cannot be eradicated it is controlled to benefit biodiversity, water quality and access.Our actions help the river’s water bodies to achieve Good Ecological Potential.Our actions help the river’s water bodies to achieve Good Ecological Potential.

Feb 2013 Purchase tools and equipment required for control of all species.Jan 2013/14/15 Action plan for control has been developed.2013/14/15 Control at sites.

PROJECT AIMS PROJECT ACTIONS MILESTONES

7. CONTROL AND ERADICATION - HIMALAYAN BALSAM


• Carry out appropriate control actions

Himalayan balsam is, where possible, eradicated from the catchment. Where it cannot be eradicated it is controlled to benefit biodiversity, water quality and access.Our actions help the rivers water bodies to achieve Good Ecological Potential.

Jan 2013/14/15 Action plan for control has been developed.Summer 2013/14 Balsam bashing events take place.

8. CONTROL AND ERADICATION - GIANT HOGWEED


• Carry out appropriate control actions • Employ contractor to spray GH on difficult sites

(10 days 2012, 10 days 2013, 10 days 2014)

Giant hogweed is, where possible, eradicated from the catchment. Where it cannot be eradicated it is controlled to benefit biodiversity, water quality and access.Our actions help the river’s water bodies to achieve Good Ecological Potential.

Jan 2013/14/15 Action plan for control has been developed.May 2013/14 Courses on manual control organised and run.2013/14/15 Control at sites.

9. CONTROL AND ERADICATION – GUNNERA



Gunnera is eradicated from the catchment Biodiversity improves.

June 2013 Resurvey /further control if required.June 2014 Resurvey /further control if required.

10. CONTROL & ERADICATION – RHODEDENDRON



Rhododendron is where possible eradicated from catchment, where this is not possible it is closely controlled.

June 2013 Survey and further control if requiredJune 2014 Survey and further control if required

11. MONITORING & MAPPING

• Carry out surveys for the presence of invasive plants on the River Bollin and it’s tributaries

• Digitally map information as a baseline from which to monitor the effectiveness of control measures or spread of species

• Monitor progress against the Action Plan

We know the distribution and relevant abundance of JK, HB, GH and other invasive plant species on the River Bollin and its tributaries and can use this as baseline information. We understand the success of control measures and establish best practise.We know where to target our action in a coordinated way.Our data contributes to the understanding of the natural value of the river ecosystem.

July and August 2013 Birkin and Mobberley Brook system has been surveyed for INNS.July and August 2014 All other tributaries of the River Bollin have been surveyed for INNS. Annually Information shared with Record about presence and location of Non native invasive plant species.

12. FUNDING

• Develop funding bids for sustainability of BEACON INNS project

Additional funding is secured to sustain coordinated activity in the long term.

December 2013 Fundraising plan completed for continuation of BEACON INNS project beyond March 2015.January 2015 Funding secured for continuation of Bollin BEACON activities.

The implementation of this NNIS action plan will bring many environmental and socio-economic benefits, such as:


Increased and safeguarded biodiversity for riparian and aquatic habitats and associated wildlife (e.g halting the decline of native flora and fauna).The conservation of internationally and nationally important rivers, lakes and meres. Contribution to the achievement of Good Ecological Potential by addressing Water Framework Directive actions.

Collaborative working amongst partner organisations to ensure the catchment-wide control of existing, widespread non-native species Reduction of negative economic impacts due to INNS.Visual enhancement and increased amenity value of local landscapes. Reduced risk of non-native invasive plant species impacting upon biodiversity, water abstraction and water-based recreation.

Prevention of new INNS, diseases and parasites becoming established through improved education and increased awareness of biosecurity.Better and safer access to waterways.Reduced risk of flooding and river erosion due to improved water flow and riparian habitat.

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CATCHMENT SECTION LOCATION OF ACTIVITY ORGANISATION/PROJECT DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY(IES)

Lower Bollin Water Works in Bollington and HaleRiver Bollin and tributaries

UU Control and survey of Himalayan balsam, giant hogweed and Japanese knotweed.

Areas owned in Hale, Bowdon etcRiver Bollin and tributaries

Trafford Council and BVP Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed.

Areas managed in Hale, Bowdon etcRiver Bollin and tributaries

BVP Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed awareness raising, surveying and monitoring. Organising community events, business ‘green days’, school engagement and work with scouts and guides etc.

Hale, Bowdon River Bollin

CWT Local Group – Altrincham, Bowdon, Hale, Sale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford

Control of Himalayan balsam and Japanese knotweed.

Bowdon, Hale,River Bollin

Nick Bowman – Conservation Contractor

Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed, awareness raising, surveying and monitoring, peer training.

Dunham Massey, Little Bollington areasBridgewater Canal

Canals and Rivers Trust Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed.

River Dean Areas managed in Rainow, Macclesfield and WilmslowRiver Bollin and tributaries

BVP Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed awareness raising, surveying and monitoring. Organising community events, business ‘green days’, school engagement and work with scouts and guides etc.

DeanwaterRiver Dean

Prince Albert Angling Society Control of Himalayan balsam, American mink, surveying and monitoring both.

Butley TownRiver Dean and tributaries

Local Farmers Control of Himalayan balsam when it encroaches on their fields.

Adlington EstateRiver Dean

Adlington Estates (Leigh family)

Control of Himalayan balsam and Japanese knotweed, surveying and monitoring.

Areas owned in Wilmslow, Handforth and Dean Row River Bollin, River Dean and tributaries

CEC Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, awareness raising, surveying and monitoring. Organising community events, business ‘green days’, school engagement and work with scouts and guides etc.

StyalRiver Dean

Styal Prison Control of Himalayan balsam in woodlands.

Kerridge and Ingersley (Rainow area)River Dean and Sowcar Brook

KRIV Control and survey of Himalayan balsam, and awareness raising.

Lamaload Reservoir/Water Works in Rainow, Bollington and MacclesfieldRiver Bollin, River Dean and tributaries

UU Control and survey of Himalayan balsam.

RainowRiver Dean

Woodland Trust Control and survey of Himalayan balsam, rhododendron and INNS in general.

Brooks and Meres Rostherne MereRiver Bollin, Rostherne Mere

Natural England Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed, American mink surveying and monitoring these and American skunk cabbage.

KnutsfordTatton Mere

CEC/NT- Tatton Estate Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, rhodoendron, surveying and monitoring.

Table 5 (page 24-25) identified the actions needed to ensure the successful implementation of this Plan. Prior to BEACON being formally adopted, and the creation of this INNS Action Plan, there have been INNS control activities occurring in the Bollin Catchment for several years.

The current and pre-existing control activities are listed in this Action Plan below, and it is BEACON’s intention that these control activities continue to happen and develop with the support of the Invasives Project Officer and in line with this Plan:

4.2Existing INNS Control Activities within the Bollin Catchment

CATCHMENT SECTION LOCATION OF ACTIVITY ORGANISATION/PROJECT DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITY(IES)

Whole Catchment Bollin Catchment Beacon INNS Project Developing & coordinating a strategic catchment-based approach to addressing INNS issues in this area.

Upper Bollin Macclesfield River Bollin

CWT Local Group – Macclesfield and Conlgeton

Balsam, rhododendron control.

Macclesfield ForestRiver Bollin

UU Balsam, rhododendron control.

MacclesfieldMacclesfield Canal

The Canals and Rivers TrustMacclesfield Canal Society

Balsam, crassula, Japanese knotweed.

Rainow, Bollington, Macclesfield Riverside ParkRiver Bollin and tributaries

BVP Control of Himalayan balsam, awareness raising; surveying and monitoring.Organising community events, business ‘green days’, school engagement and work with scouts and guides etc.

Bollington and Macclesfield Riverside Park tributaries

CEC Control of Himalayan balsam, rhododendron, awareness raising; surveying and monitoring.

Macclesfield town centre EA Control of JKW along river channel.

WilmslowRiver Bollin

FOTC Control of Himalayan balsam and Japanese knotweed, awareness raising, holding events, surveying and monitoring on The Carrs.

StyalRiver Bollin

NT – Styal Estate Control of Himalayan balsam, rhododendron and Japanese knotweed, awareness raising, holding events, surveying and monitoring on the Styal Estate.

Water Works in Wilmslow and StyalRiver Bollin, River Dean

UU Control and survey of Himalayan balsam and Japanese knotweed.

Areas owned in Wilmslow, Handforth and Dean Row River Bollin, River Dean and tributaries

CEC Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, awareness raising, surveying and monitoringOrganising community events, business ‘green days’, school engagement and work with scouts and guides etc.

Areas managed in Wilmslow, Dean Row, Handforth and River Bollin, River Dean and tributaries

BVP Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, awareness raising, surveying and monitoring.

Manchester AirportRiver Bollin

MA Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, surveying and monitoring.

Lower Bollin KnutsfordRiver Bollin

CEC/NT – Tatton Estate Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, rhodoendron, surveying and monitoring.

Dunham Massey River Bollin

NT – Dunham Massey Park Control of Himalayan balsam, Japanese knotweed, Giant hogweed, rhodoendron, surveying and monitoring. Volunteer events held.

BowdonRiver Bollin

FOBB Control of Himalayan balsam and Giant hogweed, surveying and monitoring, awareness raising.

Table 6 Existing INNS Control Activities within the Bollin Catchment

Non-Native Invasive Species Action Plan 2013-2015Invasive Non-Native Species Action Plan 2013-2015

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ORGANISATION ROLE AND/OR ACTION DELIVERY MECHANISMS

Meller Braggins Estates Plus • Promote awareness of INNS issues throughout Meller Braggins Estates Plus managed land within Bollin Catchment to staff and tenants.

• Promote awareness and appropriate working practices to avoid the spread of INNS.

• Promote/advise control work on land managed by Meller Braggins Estates Plus

• Begin to integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into working practices.

• Posters on INNS and ‘Check Clean Dry’ displayed in offices and on sites where appropriate.

• Aim to control, and where possible eradicate INNS on land managed by Meller Braggins Estates Plus .

United Utilities • Promote awareness of INNS issues within UU owned/managed areas to staff and volunteers.


• Undertake control work.• Utilise educational opportunities. • Raise awareness of INNS with users i.e. campers,

anglers, walkers, canoeists etc. • Promote awareness of appropriate working

practices and waste disposal to staff throughout the organisation (especially site working staff) and land managed by third parties.

• Raise general awareness of the impacts and appropriate control methods and biosecurity measures for INNS.

• Adopt biosecurity measures.• Incorporate INNS as an issue into relevant guidance

documents, as they are developed or reviewed.• Reduce spread of INNS through contaminated

equipment.• Undertake control work on land owned or

managed by UU.• Ensure control work is undertaken on UU land

managed by third parties

• Use newsletters/briefs/team meetings as a means to raise awareness and educate staff and contractors of the issues surrounding INNS and biosecurity.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into all working practices and monitor those of external contractors.

• Display general INNS posters and those for the ‘Check Clean Dry’ campaign at strategic locations.

• Work with BEACON to ensure dissemination of best working practices.

• Carry out INNS control as part of routine site management.

• Promote balsam bashing as UU environmental activity days.

Manchester Airport • Promote awareness of appropriate working practices and waste disposal staff throughout the organisation (especially site working staff).

• Raise general awareness of the impacts appropriate control and biosecurity measures for INNS.

• Reduce spread of INNS by adopting biosecurity measures.

• Incorporate INNS as an issue into relevant guidance documents / development plans, as they are reviewed.

• Undertake control work on land owned or managed by Manchester Airport PLC.

• Reduce spread of INNS through contaminated equipment.


• Display general INNS posters and those for the ‘Check Clean Dry’ campaign at strategic locations.

• Posters about INNS displayed in strategic locations.• Work with BEACON to ensure dissemination of best

working practices.• Carry out INNS control as part of routine site

management.• Promote balsam bashing as MA environmental

activity days.

Interest Groups / Conservation Groups

FOBB, FOTC, KRIV, PAAS, Cheshire Wildlife Trust, Cheshire Region Biodiversity Partnership.

• Promote awareness of INNS issues and threats to staff and volunteers.

• Raise awareness of INNS to general public, landowners and local organisations.

• Undertake control work with landowner permission.• Reduce spread of INNS through contaminated

equipment.• Undertake control work on land owned or managed by

interest/conservation group.


• Posters displayed at appropriate points such as campsites, walking trails, angling sites and picnic spots etc.

• Hold events/open days to educate people and raise awareness of INNS and biosecurity.


• Hold balsam bashing events.• Promote the use of Plant Tracker App for recording INNS.

As noted in Section 3.1 (page 12) key to ensuring the success of this Plan is to forge partnerships with public, private, and social sector organisations, charities, interest groups, conservation bodies, landowners and local communities. This will facilitate the success and long term sustainability of the actions presented in Section 4.1 (page 23). Thus, the actions and responsibilities that

each organisation and group aspires to are listed in Table 7 (below). This is not an exhaustive list, but represents the current immaturity of this project and the immediate needs and aims for each organisation involved in this project. These actions and responsibilities will evolve as BEACON matures and expands, and as this Plan is periodically reviewed.

4.3Roles and Actions of Partners and Stakeholders

Table 7 Roles and/or actions of Partners and Stakeholders in Promoting Awareness of INNS Issues

ORGANISATION ROLE AND/OR ACTION DELIVERY MECHANISMS

Local Angling Clubs • Educate and raise anglers’/angling clubs awareness of the dangers and impacts of INNS.

• Undertake INNS control works on land owned or leased by club.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ 1 procedures into all working practices and membership requirement to clubs.

• Promote disinfection of equipment and provide appropriate facilities.

• Promote ‘Check Clean Dry’ campaign.• Promote and raise awareness of INNS and biosecurity at

open days and demonstrations.• Where work parties exist undertake INNS control work.

Cheshire East Council / Trafford Council/ Manchester City Council

• Promote best practice in construction, haulage, horticulture and aquaculture etc and within relevant departments to prevent the further spread of INNS.

• Promote awareness of planning, waste disposal and transport regulations amongst local businesses.

• Promote awareness of INNS issues to the general public.

• Undertake control works on land owned or managed by LA.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into all working practices ands monitor those of contractors.

• Council to promote codes of best practice at every opportunity e.g. including them with planning applications and building warrants.

• Hold events/open days that BEACON can attend to raise awareness of INNS problem.

• Display posters/disseminate literature produced by BEACON and ‘Check Clean Dry’ campaign in council offices, libraries and other public places.

• Where rangers hold work parties, undertake INNS control work when possible.


Environment Agency • Incorporate INNS issues into relevant guidance documents (as they are developed or updated).

• Promote best practise to prevent the further spread of INNS.

• Undertake control works on land owned or managed by EA.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into all working practices and monitor those of contractors.

• Add general awareness raising and educational opportunities into work programmes and planned events.

• Promote best practice at every opportunity.• Add biosecurity measures into policies as they come up for

review.• Operations team to undertake control works in Bollin

Catchment where appropriate.• Promote balsam bashing as EA environmental activity days.

National Trust • Promote awareness of INNS issues within NT properties/estates to staff, volunteers and tenants.

• Utilise educational opportunities. • Raise awareness of INNS with users i.e. walkers,

visitors etc. • Promote awareness and appropriate working

practices to avoid the spread of INNS.• Undertake control work on land owned or managed by NT.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into all working practices, including monitoring those of external contractors.

• Posters on INNS and ‘Check Clean Dry’ displayed at on site.• Use events/open days to educate and raise awareness of

issues with INNS amongst attendees. • Aim to control, and where possible eradicate INNS

on NT land.• Build INNS control into tenancy agreements.

Bollin Valley Partnership • Promote awareness of INNS issues within BVP owned/managed areas to staff and volunteers.


• Undertake control work.• Utilise educational opportunities. • Raise awareness of INNS with users i.e. campers,

anglers, walkers, canoeists etc.

• Integrate ‘Check Clean Dry’ procedures into all working practices, including monitoring those of external contractors.

• Posters on INNS and ‘Check Clean Dry’ displayed on sites.• Use events/open days to educate and raise awareness of

issues with INNS amongst attendees. • Aim to control and where possible eradicate INNS on

BVP managed land.• Hold Balsam Bashing events during June/July.• Hold Rhody bashing events.

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Further information on biosecurity campaigns can be found in Appendix 6, page 461

BEACON will work with all partners to develop and agree systems and methodologies for surveying and monitoring as well as ensuring that the data is stored in a format that can be shared amongst partners and made available to the general public (in line with Objective 1 and associated actions on page 23). In the long-term, data collated will be utilised by the GB Non-Native Species Information Portal and the National Biodiversity Network. Currently, survey monitoring protocol will adopt the following format:

BEACON was successfully granted funding from DEFRA in April 2012 through the ‘Water Framework Directive funding for Local Action Groups’. It allowed for the employment of a Project Officer in October 2012, who is able to support the project for the next two and a half years, after which time the Steering Group will have to seek other means of financial support for this project.

The need for further funding will be discussed by the Group and sub-groups, and any actions taken will be done so with the consent of all Steering Group members. Funding from various sources and organisations will be sought, and Steering Group

partners may also be willing to contribute towards the maintenance of the project, or match funds received from other sources. By December 2013 BEACON will have developed a financial plan which will include the need to apply for/generate future funds to ensure the continuation of the project. As grant and funding applications are long and exhaustive processes it may be necessary to establish a ‘funding sub-group’ to focus solely on the task of ensuring the financial security of the project. Please see section 7, page 33, on Forward Planning for more information on this.

Following risk assessment and prioritisation of areas, eradication and control activities will follow recognised best practice of working from the upstream extent of the water body to downstream to target populations of INNS that may be potential sources of spread and re-infestation downstream.

A combination of contractors, partner organisations, staff and volunteers will be used depending upon the management needs of the area and species concerned. In line with Aim 11 (page 24), best practice will continue to be shared, and experience gathered to ensure that monitoring and

treatment methods remain up to date and use the best available techniques. Appendix 5 (page 45), details the commonly used methods of control for INNS found in the Bollin Catchment.

4.4Future Project Funding 5.

Survey and Monitoring

STEP 1Survey river catchments for INNS and determine whether new data aligns with data already available

STEP 2Risk assess and prioritise affected areas for treatment. Initial treatment of affected areas.

STEP 3Monitor treated areas and re-treat where necessary. Follow up monitoring after subsequent treatments

STEP 4Habitat restoration where appropriate and continued monitoring

Surveillance and monitoring of non-native species are key components of the developing GB Non-native Species Strategy, and an action plan such as this one. Surveying provides information on what species are entering and becoming established in Britain and by what means, whereas monitoring the status of more established non-native species is also important to determine whether they are becoming invasive over time and to chart the success of control and mitigation methods.

This Action Planaddresses the work BEACON is able to do with the current monetary and staff resources available.

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Monitoring for Invasiveness: A population could be considered invasive if it consistently increases in density or spatial extent, or is the source of new populations.

Monitoring for Impact: Impact and effect of non-native species on the surrounding vegetation and ecosystem relevant to the land management goals. Impact and effect of non-native species management practices on the target populations. Impact and effect of non-native species management practices on non-target species and ecosystems.

There are two types of monitoring to be done:


Regular assessment of strength and breadth of partners support and achievements in implementation of the Plan.

Assessment of the ability to close pathways of transmission to prevent entry of INNS.

Regular liaison with local interest groups, partner organisations, staff and volunteers, and provide advice and assistance when required.

Monitoring effectiveness of mitigation, control and eradication programmes.

Publicising successes locally, regionally and nationally in order to improve public awareness and participation and share best practise.

Monitoring financial compliance in line with DEFRA requirements.

As part of the implementation of this plan, there will inevitably be responses from partner organisations, and inadequacies will be found with this Plan. Thus, the Plan will be regularly evaluated and formally reviewed every two years by the Invasives Project Officer and the BEACON Steering Group.

7.1 Funding Acquired – Specifically for INNSAssuming that BEACON is able to secure funding to continue to focus on the non-native invasive species problem in the catchment, the Group will continue the work already undertaken. The emphasis will be on working logically (upstream to downstream) to ensure the greatest impact when controlling INNS, and giving communities more responsibility for managing INNS on their local rivers and tributaries within the catchment.

7.2 Funding Acquired – Not Specifically for INNSIn this situation it will be necessary for BEACON to undertake works to restore and conserve the river habitat as a whole, rather than continuing to focus purely on INNS. Capital works and the development or improvement of infrastructure may have to be undertaken, such as fencing to reduce poaching of river banks by livestock, the creation of new watering holes to decrease diffuse water pollution, creating habitats for rare and endangered species, addressing pollution issues and so on. This is something that BEACON will have to plan for once the Group has assessed funding options and the conditions of each funding source.

7.3 No Funding AcquiredWhere there is no funding available, the project will continue to be managed but on the basis as it was before the current DEFRA funding was awarded. Partner organisations will give contributions in-kind towards the project, such as holding events

or admin work as well as contribution of man-hours towards control work. Partner organisations may have to take on more responsibilities for the project and its implementation due to the loss of a Project Officer in this situation. In this scenario, the responsibility for managing INNS will primarily come down to communities and landowners. They will be relied upon to understand the problems INNS pose, to work together with other community groups and landowners to eradicate/control INNS.

This approach would be possible given that this project will have addressed the worst infestations within the catchment, and provided communities and landowners the knowledge and skills to be able to deal with INNS on their own. It will also be easier for communities and landowners to engage with new landowners and members of the public as the project will have raised the profile of INNS throughout the catchment area, and possibly beyond.

Obviously the first or second scenarios are the most preferable, with funding of some sort being secured. However, this plan and the forward planning elements within it ensure that BEACON and this project are prepared for all eventualities.

6. Monitoring and review of the BEACON INNS Action Plan

7.Forward planning

To ensure the effective implementation of this plan, it is vital that the aims and actions are monitored and reviewed to determine whether the aims are being met. Therefore a fully coordinated monitoring programme must be established which includes:

To ensure the effective implementation of this plan, it is vital that the project has adequate and sustainable funding. This will ensure the continuance of a project officer who will help to manage the direction of the project and its daily running. Financial support will also enable the project to provide equipment and physical support to landowners and volunteers. Below are three potential funding scenarios that BEACON may encounter during the lifetime of this project:

32 33

EA Staff


www.nonnativespecies.org

Produced by Olaf Booy, Max Wade and Vicky White of RPS

Japanese Knotweed

Key ID Features

Species Description Scientific name: Fallopia japonicaAKA: Japanese Bamboo, Pysen saethwr (Welsh), Polygonum cuspidatum, Reynoutria japonicaNative to: Japan, Taiwan, northern ChinaHabitat: Common in urban areas, particularly on waste land, railways, road sides and river banks Tall herbaceous perennial with bamboo like stems. Often grows into dense thickets. Characteristic leaves and stems, persistence of last yearʼs dead canes and distinctive rhizome (underground root-like stems) enables year round identification.

Introduced in the early 19th century as an ornamental plant. Now common and wide-spread across the UK. Spreads rapidly in the wild by natural means and as a result of spread by humans. Spread is solely by vegetative means, either fragments of rhizome or stem. Does not produce seed in the UK. Negative impacts include outcompeting native flora, contributing to river bank erosion and increasing the likelihood of flooding. Can also cause significant delays and cost to development as well as structural damage (it can grow through asphalt and some other surfaces).

Japanese Knotweed is listed under Schedule 9 to the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 with respect to England, Wales and Scotland. As such it is an offence to plant of other-wise cause Japanese knotweed to grow in the wild. Under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, Japanese Knotweed is classified as controlled waste.

For details of legislation go to www.nonnativespecies.org/legislation.

Zig-zag stems

Shield shaped leaves

Flat base

Lush green colour

Purple speckled stems

Regular nodes (like bamboo)

Rhizome crown at base of plant

Cross-section

Bright orange inside

Rhizome White shoots

Flowers in summerSpring

Winter

Distribution Widespread and common across the UK. Notably extensive infestations are found in the south-west of England, south Wales and Greater London, however similarly extensive populations can also be found elsewhere.

References and further reading: Blamey, M, Fitter, R and Fitter, A (2003) “The Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland. The Com-plete Guide to the British and Irish Flora.” A & C Black Child, L E and Wade, P M (2000) “The Japanese Knotweed Manual”. Packard Environment Agency (2006) “The Japanese Knotweed Code of Practice”. Environment Agency Preston, C D, Pearman, D A and Dines, T A (editors) (2002) “New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora”. Oxford University Press Stace, C (1999) “Field Flora of the British Isles”. Cambridge University Press

Photos from: Olaf Booy, Helen Parish, Max Wade, Vicky White

Identification throughout the year

Giant Knotweed Non-native

(Fallopia sachalinensis)

Hybrid Non-native

(Fallopia x bohemica)

Similar Species The species most likely to be confused with Japanese knotweed are those with which it is closely related: giant knotweed and its hybrid. Both are relatively uncommon in the UK. Key differences between these are given below.

Japanese Knotweed

For comparison

Source: Child and Wade (2000). The Japanese Knotweed Manual

Much larger leaf

Intermediate size and shape

Smaller leaf

Flat base

Sour

ce: N

BN G

atew

ay. C

heck

web

site

fo

r cur

rent

dis

tribu

tion up

to 4

0cm

Lobed base

up to

23c

m

10-1

5cm

Summer

34 35


Appendix 1Identification guides for INNS

Species Description

Key ID Features

Giant Hogweed

www.nonnativespecies.org


Up to

5m

Upto

3m

Sharply divided / serrated leaves

Bristles on underside

Blotchy or rarely continuous purple

Stems usually with sharp bristles

Stem 5-10cm diameter

Up to 80cm Flower white or rarely pinkish

Umbrella shaped flower

Seeds have dark stripes (oil ducts) 2 on one

side, 4 on the reverse

1.5

cm

Scientific name: Heracleum mantegazzianum AKA: Efwr enfawr (Welsh) Native to: Caucasus mountains in south west Russia and Georgia Habitat: Widespread, most common on river banks Easy to identify when fully grown by height, size of leaves and size of flowers. Can be confused with native hogweed when not fully grown or when growth is stunted (e.g. regrowth after cutting). Introduced as an ornamental. First recorded wild in the UK in the late 19th century. Spreads solely by seeds, mainly through deliberate plant-ing, wind dispersal and in water courses. Now common across much of the UK. Contact with any part of this plant must be avoided as even minute amounts of sap can cause blistering of the skin following expo-sure to sunlight. Other negative impacts include out-competing native flora, river bank erosion and increase in flood risk. Can cause delays/additional costs on development sites where the plant must be removed as controlled waste in order to comply with legislation. Giant hogweed is listed under Schedule 9 to the Wildlife and Country-side Act 1981 with respect to England, Wales and Scotland. As such it is an offence to plant or otherwise cause this species to grow in the wild. Under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, giant hogweed is also classified as controlled waste. For details of legislation go to www.nonnativespecies.org/legislation.

Up to 50,000 seeds per plant held on seed head

Up

to 2

m

Photos from: Olaf Booy, Steve Smith, Vicky White

Identification through-out the year

Spring

Summer Winter

Distribution Widespread and common across much of the UK. Extensive infestations are found particularly in Scotland and the north of England. Less abun-dant in Cornwall. Often associated with large riv-ers.

References and further reading: Blamey, M, Fitter, R and Fitter, A (2003) “The Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland. The Com-plete Guide to the British and Irish Flora.” A & C Black Booy, O and Wade, P M (2007) “Giant Hogweed Management in the United Kingdom”. RPS Group plc Pyšek P, Cock, M J W, Nentwig, W & Ravn, H P (2007) “Ecology and Management of Giant Hog-weed (Heracleum mantegazzianum)”. CAB Inter-national Stace, C (1999) “Field Flora of the British Isles”. Cambridge University Press

Similar Species When in full height it is difficult to confuse giant hogweed with any other plant. While still growing or stunted, possibly as a result of distur-bance, it can be confused with some other native plants. The most likely species with which it might confused is hogweed.

Key differences between hogweed and giant hogweed include the height, width of stem, size of leaf, size of flower head and size of seed.

Hogweed Native (Heracleum sphondylium)

Comparison of seeds

Giant Hogweed Hogweed

1cm

Comparison of leaves

Comparison of stems

Giant Hogweed

Hogweed

Hogweed Giant Hogweed

1cm

2m

Hogweed flowers heads are much smaller, up to 15cm

Sour

ce: N

BN G

atew

ay. C

heck

web

site

fo

r cur

rent

dis

tribu

tion


36 37


Species Description

Key ID Features

Scientific name: Impatiens glandulifera AKA: Policemanʼs Helmet, Indian Balsam, Jac y Neidiwr (Welsh) Native to: West and central Himalayas Habitat: Found mostly on river banks and in damp woodland, can grow in other damp habitat

.

Himalayan Balsam

For more information visit www.nonnativespecies.org


Leaves and side branches arise from stem joints

Leaf may have reddish mid-rib

Leaves opposite, or in whorls of 3-5

Slender to elliptical

Leave have finely serrated edges

Up to 15cm long

Stem is hollow, sappy, fleshy and brittle

Stem green to red early in the year, turning pink to red in summer

Up to 2m tall

Short roots with distinctive structure

Side shoots / roots form along the stem

2.5 to 4cm long Pink (rarely white) often with spots and markings inside

Trumpet shape with wide petals

Sweetly scented

Seed capsule, approx 2.5cm long, hanging on red stalks. Explode on touch when ripe.

Seeds

Appr

ox2.

5cm

long

A tall, attractive, annual herb with explosive seed heads. Although easy to iden-tify as a mature plant with its pink-purple flowers, fleshy stem and characteristic leaves, the seedlings and last yearʼs dead stems of this annual are more difficult to spot.

Introduced as a garden plant in the early 19th century and first recorded in the wild in 1855. Often favoured by the general public for its aesthetic appeal and is still deliberately planted on occasion. Now widespread in the UK, especially along urban rivers. Spreads solely by seeds, which are small and easily carried by wind or water.

Out-competes native species in ecologically sensitive areas, particularly river banks. Where it grows in dense stands along river banks it can impede flow at times of high rainfall, increasing the likelihood of flooding. Die back of extensive stands over winter can leave river banks bare and exposed to erosion.

Himalayan balsam is listed under Schedule 9 to the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 with respect to England and Wales. As such, it is an offence to plant or otherwise allow this species to grow in the wild.

For details of legislation go to www.nonnativespecies.org/legislation.

Identification throughout the year

Photos from: Olaf Booy, Mike Harris, Max Wade

Flowers slightly earlier, June to August

Can be identified at most times of the year: March-June by its seedlings, stem and leaf shape, from July to September by its stem, leaf shape and flowers. More difficult to identify over winter (October to February), look for hay like remains and distinctive root structure.

Distribution Widespread and common across the whole of the UK. Primarily on riverbanks and in other damp areas.

References and further reading: Blamey, M, Fitter, R and Fitter, A (2003) “The Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland. The Com-plete Guide to the British and Irish Flora”. A & C Black Preston, C D, Pearman, D A and Dines, T A (editors) (2002) “New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora”. Oxford University Press Stace, C (1999) “Field Flora of the British Isles”. Cambridge University Press

Similar Species

Hay like remains in winter Root structure in winter

Sour

ce: N

BN G

atew

ay. C

heck

web

site

fo

r cur

rent

dis

tribu

tion

Flower is similar in shape but orange in colour Smaller than

Himalayan balsam, growing to a height of 1.2m

Smaller leaves, with fewer serrations

Orange balsam is much less aggressive than Himalayan balsam, forming smaller less dense stands

Orange Balsam Non-Native (Impatiens capensis)

38 39



TERMS OF REFERENCE AND GOVERNANCEAgreed on 17 January 2013 at Bollin Local Action Group meeting held at Quarry Bank Mill Styal

1.0 AIMS1.1Bollin Environmental Action and Conservation (BEACON) exist to improve the water environment and associated habitat of the Bollin Catchment with the initial focus of controlling, managing and eradicating non-native species.

1.2We will achieve this by: a. working together and with others to understand the issuesb. discussing and agreeing on priorities and outcomes in consultation with other stakeholdersc. sharing information, resources and learning throughout the catchmentd. working together and with others to tackle difficult issues that require multi- agency inpute. working collaboratively to deliver work on the ground to achieve the agreed outcomes

1.3The Bollin Catchment is defined to include the River Bollin, River Dean, Mobberley Brook, Birkinshaw Brook, Tatton Mere, Rostherne Mere, Mere Mere and all streams, watercourses and water impoundments that link into the River Bollin up to its confluence with the Manchester Ship Canal.

2.0 GOVERNANCE AND STRUCTURE2.1Bollin Environmental Action and Conservation (BEACON) will be managed by a Steering Group.

2.2 The role of the Steering Group will be:a. To develop a strategic plan, with time specific actions, setting out who will do what, and what resources are required to achieve the shared outcomes.

b. To own and drive progress towards developing a plan and then towards delivering the agreed outcomesc. To act as a point of coordination and integration d. To direct and oversee the work of the working/sub-groups in order to ensure on the ground delivery achieves the agreed outcomes.e. To monitor progress against the plan, adjust the plan when necessary and report on outcomesf. To look forward and consider future actiong. To make appropriate financial and administrative arrangementsh. To communicate to a wider audience

2.3The Steering Group will comprise representatives from the following Organisations and Interested Individuals:

Organisations: British Association for Shooting and ConservationBollin Valley Partnership Cheshire East Council Cheshire Wildlife Trust Environment Agency Friends of Bowden Bollin Friends of the Carrs Manchester Airport PLC National Trust – Dunham Massey National Trust – Styal Tatton Estates (represented by Mellor Braggins) United Utilities

Individuals: Sally Potts – BEACON Invasives Project OfficerNick Bowman Richard Gibbs

2.4 The Steering Group will review its membership and Governance and Terms of Reference when appropriate but at least on an annual basis.

2.5 The Steering Group will meet at least three times a year.

2.6 Decisions taken by the Steering Group will be on a consensus basis where possible. In the event of not being able to reach consensus a simple majority vote of these attending will be taken. Each organisation will have one vote.

2.7

The Steering Group will appoint a Chairperson whose term of office will be for 12 months. The appointment will be made at the first meeting of the Steering Group after the 1st April each year.

2.8 The Steering Group can appoint other officers as required.

2.9 The Steering Group can set up sub-groups/working groups to undertake specific tasks. Membership of these groups may include organisations/ individuals who are not members of the Steering Group. These groups will report back at Steering Group meetings.

2.10 Members of the Steering Group, sub-groups or working groups must declare any interest that the member believes that he/she has in any decision or transaction of the group.

3.0 FINANCIAL AND EMPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS3.1 The Steering Group will make all appropriate financial, administrative and staff arrangements.

3.2 A financial report will be provided to each meeting of the Steering Group.

Appendix 2BEACON Governance Document and ToR

40 41


Appendix 3SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME DATE SCHEDULED

Hooked Asparagus Seaweed Asparagopsis armata 1992

Green Seafingers Codium fragile 2010

Japanese Kelp Laminaria japonica 1992

Giant Kelp Macrocystis angustifolia 1992

Giant Kelp Macrocystis integrifolia 1992

Giant Kelp Macrocystis laevis 1992

Giant Kelp Macrocystis pyrifera 1981

Californian Red Seaweed Pikea californica 1992

Laver Seaweeds Porphyra spp 1992

Japanese Seaweed Sargassum muticum 1981

Wakame Undaria pinnatifida 1992

Red Algae Grateloupia luxurians 2010

Water Fern Azolla filiculoides 20052010

Giant Salvinia Salvinia molesta 2005

Few-flowered Leek Allium paradoxum 2005

Fanwort Cabomba caroliniana 2005

Hottentot Fig Carpobrotus edulis 2005

Australian Swamp Stonecrop Crassula helmsii 2005

Water Hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes 2005

Shallon Gaultheria shallon 2005

Giant Hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum 1981

Floating Pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides 2005

Curly Waterweed Lagarosiphon major 2005

Parrot’s-feather Myriophyllum aquaticum 2005

Water Lettuce Pistia stratiotes 2005

Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica 2010

Giant Knotweed Fallopia sachalinensis 2010

Hybrid Knotweed Fallopia japonica x Fallopia sachalinensis

2010

False-acacia Robinia pseudoacacia 2005

Perfoliate Alexanders Smyrnium perfoliatum 2010

Variegated Yellow Archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon subsp. argentatum

2010

Yellow Azalea Rhododendron luteum 2010

Himalayan Balsam Impatiens glandulifera 2010

Cotoneaster Cotoneaster horizontalis 2010

SPECIES SCIENTIFIC NAME DATE SCHEDULED

Cotoneaster, Himalayan Cotoneaster simonsii 2010

Cotoneaster, Hollyberry Cotoneaster bullatus 2010

Cotoneaster, Small-leaved Cotoneaster microphyllus 2010

False Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus inserta 2010

Virginia Creeper Parthenocissus quinquefolia 2010

Hottentot Fig Carpobrotus edulis 2010

Three-cornered Garlic Allium triquetrum 2010

Water Hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes 2010

Few-flowered Leek Allium paradoxum 2010

Montbretia Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora 2010

Floating Water Primrose Ludwigia peploides 2010

Water Primrose Ludwigia grandiflora 2010

Water Primrose Ludwigia uruguayensis 2010

Rhododendron Rhododendron ponticum 2010

Rhododendron Rhododendron ponticum x Rhododendron maximum

2010

Giant Rhubarb Gunnera tinctoria 2010

Japanese Rose Rosa rugosa 2010

Giant Salvinia Salvinia molesta 2010

Purple Dewplant Disphyma crassifolium 2010

Fanwort (otherwise known as Carolina Water-Shield)

Cabomba caroliniana 2010

Water Lettuce Pistia stratiotes 2010

Parrot’s Feather Myriophyllum aquaticum 2010

Floating Pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides 2010

Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia 2010

Stonecrop, Australian Swamp (otherwise known as New Zealand Pygmyweed)

Crassula helmsii 2010

Curly Waterweed Lagarosiphon major 2010

Waterweeds All species of the genus Elodea

2010

42 43


Table 8

Wildlife and Countryside Act List of Plants in Schedule 9

Table 8… continued

Wildlife and Countryside Act List of Plants in Schedule 9

It is an offence to plant in the wild, or cause any plant on this list to grow in the wild

National Nature Reserve (NNR) Sites

Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) Sites

RAMSAR (The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as Waterfowl Habitat) Sites

SITE NAME LOCATION CATCHMENT SECTION

Rostherne Mere Rostherne Brooks and Meres



Tatton Mere Knutsford Brooks and Meres


Danes Moss Macclesfield Upper Bollin

Lindow Common Wilmslow Central Bollin

Alderley Edge Alderley Edge Central Bollin

Cotterill Clough Wilmslow Lower Bollin

Dunham Massey Park Dunham Massey Lower Bollin

The Mere Mere Brooks and Meres

Tatton Mere Knutsford Brooks and Meres


SPECIES AIMS ACTION

Japanese knotweed (licence and permits required from Environment Agency)

Control/EradicationIdentify and close pathways.

• Leaf spraying with Glyphosate herbicide for existing populations once a year in mid-late summer with continual follow treatment for up to 3 years if required. (Licence and permits required.)

• Stem injection for smaller populations and individual plants. (Licence and permits required.)

• Monitoring effect of bio control agent psyllid once present in Cumbria

• Requirements for riparian zone habitat restoration assessed and implemented

Giant hogweed Control/EradicationIdentify and close pathways.

• Leaf and stem spray with Glyphosate herbicide x2 a year with continual treatment for up to 2 years. (Licence and permits required.)

• Monitor catchment for activation of dormant sources of infestation

• Habitat restoration if required

Himalayan balsam Control/EradicationIdentify pathways and close

• Hand pull, strim or Glyphosate herbicide treatment for existing populations throughout the growing season. (Licence and permits required.)

• Monitor catchment for activation of dormant sources of infestation

• Habitat restoration if required

American mink Control/Eradication • Co-ordinated monitoring and trapping

New Zealand pigmyweed Control/EradicationIdentify pathways and close

• No effective control mechanism for well established populations.• Chemical control with Glyphosate for isolated plants. (Licence

and permits required.)• Smothering with polythene or jute matting for isolated plants or

new infestations. (Permits required).

American signal crayfish Mitigation for white-clawed crayfishControl/EradicationIdentify pathways and close

No effective control mechanism once signal crayfish are released into a river• Potential for control with chemical treatment for small still

waters. (Licence and permits required.)• Control will not be an option if become established in a major river

American skunk cabbage Control/EradicationIdentify pathways and close

• Leaf spraying with 2-4-D herbicide treatment for existing populations. (Licence and permits required.)

• Digging up existing plants in smaller populations• Monitor catchment for activation of live and dormant sources

of infestation

Rhododendron Control/Eradication • Treat foliage using knapsack sprayer, (glyphosate, ammonium sulphamate or triclopyr based)

• Treat cut stumps with approved herbicide (glyphosate or triclopyr based)

• Dig up plants in smaller populations• Monitor and treat re-growth by hand pulling or use of chemicals

44 45


Appendix 4 Appendix 5List of Designated Sites within the Bollin Catchment

Commonly Used Control Methods for INNS

Appendix 6 Appendix 7

Appendix 8

List of national priorities for INNSThis list of the top ten priority INNS for the UK has been complied by the Environment Agency, DEFRA and the GB NNSS. This table also identifies the priorities for response and management.

The GB NNSS runs two major biosecurity campaigns aimed at reducing the transport and thus the spread of INNS across the country. The biosecurity campaigns focus on the seriously invasive qualities of aquatic invasive plants and animals. For more information on either of these please visit the GB NNSS website at: www.nonnativespecies.org

GENERAL:Global Invasive Species Database www.issg.org/database/welcomeCABI Invasive Species Compendium www.cabi.org/isc GREAT BRITAIN:GB Non-Native Species Secretariat www.nonnativespecies.orgCentre for Ecology and Hydrology www.ceh.ac.uk

Food and Environment Research Agency www.fera.defra.gov.ukCountryside Council for Wales www.ccw.gov.ukNatural England www.naturalengland.org.ukScottish Natural Heritage www.snh.org.uk

Defra www.defra.gov.ukInvasive Species in Ireland www.invasivespeciesireland.com RECORDING INVASIVES:Plant Tracker www.planttracker.naturelocator.org

Priority response Current management response Not a current priority area

Biosecurity campaigns

Useful Websites


46 47

Species (ranked in priority order)

Prevention Rapid Response

Sustainable Management

Partnerships and local engagement

Sharing and increasing knowledge

Water primrose

Floating pennywart

Non-native crayfish

Topmouth gudgeon

Giant hogweed

Japanese knotweed

Himalayan balsam

Mink

Chinese mitten crab

Parrot’s feather weed

Australian swamp stonecrop

Curly water-thyme

Canadian & Nutall’s pondweed

Zebra mussel

Sunbleak fish

Fringed watetlilly

Giant rhubarb (Gunnera)

American skunk cabbage

Water fern

Pacific oyster

Help stop the spread of invasive plants and animals in British waters.

Invasive non-native species can have a damaging impact on British plants, animals and ecosystems – by spreading disease, competing for habitat and food and direct predation. Plants that grow profusely can block waterways while some animals can damage riverbanks – so they also affect economic uses of our environment and add significant management costs. As a water user, you may unknowingly be helping to spread invasive species from one water body to another in equipment, shoes and clothing. Help stop this happening by following three simple steps: Check, Clean, Dry.

Invasive aquatic plants can damage our ponds, waterways and the environment.

The Be Plant Wise campaign is designed to raise awareness among gardeners, pond owners and retailers of the damage caused by invasive aquatic plants and to encourage the public to dispose of these plants correctly. The Horticultural Trade Association, Ornamental Aquatic Trade Association, Royal Horticultural Society, and wild plant conservation charity Plantlife are all supporting the campaign. You should:

OrganisationsBollin Valley PartnershipBritish Association for Shooting and ConservationCheshire East CouncilCheshire Wildlife TrustEnvironment AgencyFriends of Bowdon BollinFriends of the CarrsManchester Airport PLCNational Trust – Dunham MasseyNational Trust – StyalTatton Estates (represented by Mellor Braggins) United Utilities

IndividualsSally Potts – BEACON Invasives Project OfficerNick BowmanRichard Gibbs

BEACON is a partnership group comprised of representatives from the following organisations and interested individuals:

invasive non-native species action plan - beacon-bollin.org.uk · the beacon inns project was...

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