invatare revit structure

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Autodesk

Revit

Structure 2010

Autodesk Official Training Guide

Essentials

255B1-050000-CM00AJune 2009

LearningAutodeskRevitStructure 2010Hands-on exercises demonstrate the concepts of building information modeling and thetools for parametric design, analysis, and documentation.

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2009 Autodesk, Inc. All rights reserved.

Except as otherwise permitted by Autodesk, Inc., this publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced inany form, by any method, for any purpose.

Certain materials included in this publication are reprinted with the permission of the copyright holder.

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Disclaimer

THIS PUBLICATION AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS MADE AVAILABLE BY AUTODESK, INC. AS IS.AUTODESK, INC. DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIEDWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE REGARDING THESE MATERIALS.

Published by:Autodesk, Inc.111 Mclnnis ParkwaySan Rafael, CA 94903, USA

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Contents iii

Contents

Introduction ....................................................................................................... ix

Chapter 1: Building Information Modeling ........................................................ 1

Lesson: Building Information Modeling for Structural

Engineering .......................................................................................... 2

About Building Information Modeling ...................................................... 3

About Bidirectional Associativity .............................................................. 7

Chapter 2: Revit Structure Basics ...................................................................... 9Lesson: Exploring the User Interface ................................................................ 10

The Revit Structure User Interface .......................................................... 11

The Ribbon Framework ........................................................................... 15

Guidelines for Using the User Interface .................................................. 18

Exercise: Explorethe Revit Structure User Interface............................... 19

Lesson: Workingwith Structural Elements and Families ................................... 26

About Structural Elements ...................................................................... 27

About Families ......................................................... ............................... 29

Guidelines for Working with Structural Elements and Families ............... 32

Exercise: Work with Structural Elements and Families ............................ 33

Chapter 3: Viewing the Structural Model ........................................................ 37

Lesson: Working with Views ............................................................................. 38

About Views .......................................................................................... .. 39

View Properties ....................................................................................... 44

Guidelines for Working with Views ......................................................... 55

Exercise: Exploreand Create Views ........................................................ 56

Lesson: Controlling Object Visibility .................................................................. 62

About Controlling Object Visibility .......................................................... 63

View Templates ............................................................... ........................ 67

Modifying Line Styles .............................................................................. 69

Using Filters ............................................................. ................................ 69

Guidelinesfor Controlling Object Visibility ............................................. 72

Exercise: Control Object Visibility ........................................................... 73

Lesson: Working with Elevation and Section Views .......................................... 75

About Elevation and Section Views ........................................................ 76

Controlling Visibility of Elevation and Section Tags ................................. 83

Guidelinesfor Working with Elevation and Section Views ...................... 84

Exercise: Work with Elevation and Section Views ................................... 85

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iv Contents

Lesson: Working with 3D Views .................................................................... 93

About 3D Views .................................................................................. 94

Navigating Through a 3D View ............................................................ 96

About Cameras ................................................................................... 99

Creating and Modifying Camera Views ............................................. 103

Changing Material Properties ........................................................... 105

Guidelines for Working with 3D Views ............................................. 108

Exercise: Work with 3D Views ........................................................... 109

Chapter 4: Starting a New Project ............................................................. 115

Lesson: Starting a Project ............................................................................ 116

About Projects .................................................................................. 117

Creating Project Templates ............................................................... 121

Guidelines for Creating Project Template Files ................................. 123

Exercise: Set Up a Project and Transfer Project Standards ................ 124

Lesson: Adding and Modifying Levels ......................................................... 128

About Levels ...................................................................................... 129

Adding and Modifying Levels ............................................................ 131

Guidelines for Adding and Modifying Levels ..................................... 133Exercise: Add Levels .......................................................................... 134

Lesson: Creating and Modifying Grids ........................................................ 137

About Grids ....................................................................................... 138

Methods ofCreating and Modifying Grid Lines ................................ 139

Guidelines for Creating and Modifying Grids .................................... 141

Exercise: Create and Modify a Grid .................................................. 143

Chapter 5: Creating Structural Columns and Walls .................................... 149

Lesson: Working with Structural Columns .................................................. 150

About Structural Columns ................................................................. 151

Loading Structural Columns .............................................................. 153Creating Structural Column Types ..................................................... 153

Structural Column Tools and Options ............................................... 154

Creating Openings in Structural Columns ......................................... 158

Guidelines for Working with Structural Columns .............................. 159

Exercise: Add and Modify Structural Columns .................................. 160

Lesson: Working with Structural Walls ........................................................ 165

About Structural Walls ...................................................................... 166

Structural Wall Type Parameters ....................................................... 168

Structural Wall Instance Parameters ................................................. 170

About Wall Pilasters .......................................................................... 172

Creating Wall Openings ..................................................................... 174

Guidelines for Working with Structural Walls ................................... 175

Exercise: Create Structural Wall Types .............................................. 177

Exercise: Create Structural Walls with Openings ............................... 179

Exercise: Create and Modify Pilasters ............................................... 184

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Contents v

Chapter 6: Creating Frames ....................................................................... 187

Lesson: Adding Floor Framing ..................................................................... 188

About Floor Framing ......................................................................... 189

About Beams ..................................................................................... 191

Beam Properties ............................................................................... 194

Adding Openings in Beams ............................................................... 195

Guidelines for Adding and Modifying Beams .................................... 196

Exercise: Add Floor Framing ............................................................. 197

Lesson: Working with Beams and Beam Systems ....................................... 202

About Beams and Beam Systems ..................................................... 203

Beam System Properties ................................................................... 205

Methods of Creating Sloped Beams ................................................. 206

Process of Creating a 3D Beam System ............................................ 207

Guidelines for Working with Beams and Beam Systems ................... 208

Exercise: Work with Beams and Beam Systems ................................ 209

Lesson: Working with Structural Steel Frames ............................................ 217

About Structural Steel Frames .......................................................... 218

Setting Steel Frame Symbols in a Plan View ..................................... 220

Process of Adding Bracing Members ................................................ 221Editing Braces .................................................................................... 222

Guidelines for Working with Structural Steel Frames ....................... 223

Exercise: Work with Structural Steel Frames .................................... 224

Lesson: Working with Concrete Beams ....................................................... 230

About Concrete Beams ..................................................................... 231

Options to Edit Concrete Beam Joins ................................................ 232

Vertical Justification of Beams .......................................................... 235

Guidelines for Working with Concrete Beams .................................. 237

Exercise: Work with Concrete Beams ............................................... 238

Chapter 7: Creating Floors and Roofs ........................................................ 243Lesson: Adding Floors ......................................... ........................................ 244

About Floor Elements ....................................................................... 245

Process of Adding a Floor Element ................................................... 246

Creating Sloped Floors ...................................................................... 247

Creating Shaft Openings in Floors ..................................................... 248

Guidelines for Adding Floors ............................................................. 249

Exercise: Add and Modify Floor Elements ........................................ 250

Lesson: Creating Roofs and Adding Structural Framing ............................... 255

About Roofs ...................................................................................... 256

Process of Sketching Roofs ............................................................... 258

Guidelines for Creating Roofs ........................................................... 259

Exercise: Create a Sloped Roof with Steel Framing ........................... 260

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vi Contents

Chapter 8: Creating Foundations ............................................................... 267

Lesson: Adding Foundations ....................................................................... 268

About Foundations ............................................................................ 269

Creating Stepped Walls and Foundations ......................................... 272

Guidelines for Adding Foundations ................................................... 273

Exercise: Add Foundations ................................................................ 274

Exercise: Create an Elevator Pit ........................................................ 277

Chapter 9: Stairs and Ramps ...................................................................... 281

Lesson: Creating Stairs ................................................................................ 282

About Stairs and Railings .................................................................. 283

Creating Stairs ................................................................................... 286

Guidelines for Creating Stairs ............................................................ 288

Exercise: Create U-Shaped and Monolithic Stairs ............................. 289

Lesson: Creating Ramps .............................................................................. 293

About Ramps ..................................................................................... 294

Process of Creating Ramps ............................................................... 296

Guidelines for Creating Ramps ......................................................... 298

Exercise: Create a Ramp and Modify the Railing .............................. 299

Chapter 10: Creating Plan Annotations and Schedules .............................. 303

Lesson: Adding Dimensions ......................................................................... 304

About Temporary Dimensions ........................................................... 305

About Permanent Dimensions .......................................................... 308

About Spot Dimension Symbols ........................................................ 313

Guidelines for Adding Dimensions .................................................... 315

Exercise: Add Dimensions and Spot Symbols .................................... 316

Lesson: Working with Text and Tags ........................................................... 321

About Text ........................................................ ................................. 322

About Tags ................................................... ..................................... 323Process of Adding Tags ..................................................................... 326

Setting TextPlacement Parameters .................................................. 327

Guidelines for Working with Text and Tags ....................................... 327

Exercise: Add Column and Beam Tags .............................................. 329

Lesson: Creating Legends ............................................................................ 334

About Legends .................................................................................. 335

Guidelines for Creating Legends ....................................................... 338

Exercise: Create a Legend ................................................................. 339

Lesson: Working with Schedules................................................................. 342

About Schedules ............................................................................... 343

Working with Schedules .................................................................... 346

Guidelines for Working with Schedules ............................................ 347

Exercise: Create Schedules ................................................................ 348

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Contents vii

Chapter 11: Creating Detailing ................................................................... 353

Lesson: Working with Detail Views ............................................................. 354

About Detail Views ........................................................................... 355

Process of Saving and Reusing a Detail View .................................... 362

Guidelines for Saving and Reusing a Detail View .............................. 363

Exercise: Add 2D Annotations to a Detail View ................................. 364

Lesson: Adding Concrete Reinforcement .................................................... 371

Adding 3D Reinforcement ................................................................. 372

Adding Detail Components ............................................................... 373

Guidelines for Adding Concrete Reinforcement ................................ 375

Exercise: Add Reinforcement Elements and Detail Components ....... 376

Lesson: Working with Drafting Views ......................................................... 382

About Drafting Views ........................................................................ 383

Process of Creating and Reusing Drafting Views ............................... 384

Guidelines for Reusing Drafting Views .............................................. 385

Exercise: Create a Drafting View ....................................................... 386

Lesson: Working with CAD Details .............................................................. 392

Options for Importing and Editing CAD Files .................................... 393

Guidelines for Working with CAD Details .......................................... 396Exercise: Import and Edit DWG Details ............................................. 398

Chapter 12: Creating Construction Documentation ................................... 403

Lesson: Working with Sheets and Titleblocks ............................................. 404

About Sheets and Titleblocks ............................................................ 405

About Revision Tracking .................................................................... 407

Process of Creating Sheets by Using Customized Titleblocks ............ 412

Creating Revision Clouds ................................................................... 413

Guidelines for Working with Sheets and Titleblocks ......................... 414

Exercise: Create a Sheet by Using a Titleblock .................................. 415

Lesson: Printing Sheets ........................................ ....................................... 420Print Settings ...................................................... ............................... 421

Print Setup Settings .......................................................................... 423

Guidelines for Printing Sheets .......................................................... 425

Exercise: Print a Sheet Set ................................................................ 426

Lesson: Exporting Content to CAD Formats ................................................ 428

Settings for Exporting Content .......................................................... 429

Process of Exporting Views to CAD Formats ..................................... 431

Guidelines for Exporting Content to CAD Formats ............................ 432

Exercise: Export Views ...................................................................... 433

Appendix ................................................................................................... . 435

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viii Contents

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ix

Introduction

Welcome to the Learning Autodesk Revit Structure 2010Autodesk Official Training Guide, a trainingguide for use in Authorized Training Center (ATC) locations, corporate training settings, and otherclassroom settings.

Although this guide is designed for instructor-led courses, you can also use it for self-paced learning.The guide encourages self-learning through the use of the Autodesk Revit Structure 2010 Help system.

This introduction covers the following topics:

Course objectives

Prerequisites

Using this guide

CD contents

Completing the exercises

Installing the exercise data files from the CD

Imperial and metric datasets

Notes, tips, and warnings

Feedback

This guide is complementary to the software documentation. For detailed explanations of features andfunctionality, refer to the Help in the software.

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x Introduction

Course Objectives

After completing this guide, you will be able to:

Describe building information modeling methodology and its benefits.

Use different parts of the Revit Structure user interface and work with different types of structuralelements and families.

Use the different views listed in the Project Browser, control the visibility and graphical

representation of objects in a structural model, and work with elevation, section, and 3D views. Set up a project and transfer standards between projects, add and modify levels in a structural

model, and create and modify grids.

Work with structural columns and structural walls.

Add floor framing using beams, work with beams and beam systems, add and edit structural steelmoment and braced frames, and work with concrete beams.

Add floors in structural models, create a roof, and add structural framing to the roof for support.

Add foundations to a structural model.

Create stairs and various types of ramps.

Add dimensions and spot dimension symbols, work with text and tags, create a legend with notes,annotation symbols, and legend components, and work with different types of schedules.

Work with detail views, add 3D and 2D reinforcement elements and detail components to

concrete detail views, and work with drafting views and CAD details. Work with sheets and titleblocks, print sheets, and export Revit Structure content to CAD formats.

Prerequisites

This guide is designed for new users of Revit Structure.

It is recommended that you have a working knowledge of:

Basic structural engineering and design skills.

Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows XP, or Microsoft Windows Vista.

Using This Guide

The lessons are independent of each other. However, it is recommended that you completethe lessons in the order that they are presented unless you are familiar with the concepts andfunctionality described in those lessons.

Each chapter contains:

Lessons

Usually two or more lessons in each chapter.

ExercisesPractical, real-world examples for you to practice using the functionality you have just learned.Each exercise contains step-by-step procedures and graphics to help you complete the exercisesuccessfully.

CD Contents The CD attached to the back cover of this book contains all the data and drawings you need to

complete the exercises in this guide.

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Introduction xi

Completing the Exercises

You can complete the exercise in two ways: using the book or on screen.

Using the bookFollow the step-by-step exercises in the book.

On screenClick the Learning Autodesk Revit Structure 2010 AOTG icon on your desktop, installed from the

CD, and follow the step-by-step exercises on screen. The on screen exercises are the same as thosein the book. The onscreen version has the advantage that you can concentrate on the screenwithout having to glance down at your book.

After launching the onscreen exercises, you might need to alter the size of your application window toalign both windows.

Installing the Exercise Data Files from the CD

To install the data files for the exercises:

1.Insert the CD.

2.

When the setup wizard begins, follow the instructions on screen to install the data.

3.

If the wizard does not start automatically, browse to the root directory of the CD and double-clickSetup.exe.

Unless you specify a different folder, the exercise files are installed in the following folder:

C:\Autodesk Learning\Autodesk Revit Structure 2010\Learning\

After you install the data from the CD, this folder contains all the files necessary to complete eachexercise in this guide.

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xii Introduction

Imperial and Metric Datasets

In exercises that specify units of measurement, alternative files are provided as shown in the followingexample:

Open i_export_ifc.rvt(imperial) or m_export_ifc.rvt(metric).

In the exercise steps, the imperial value is followed by the metric value in parentheses as shown in thefollowing example:

For Length, enter 13'2"(4038mm).

For exercises with no specific units of measurement, files are provided as shown in the followingexample:

Open c_boundary_conditions.rvt(common).

In the exercise steps, the unitless value is specified as shown in the following example:

For Length, enter 400.

Notes, Tips, and Warnings

Throughout this guide, notes, tips, and warnings are called out for special attention.

Notes contain guidelines, constraints, and other explanatory information.

Tips provide information to enhance your productivity.

Warnings provide information about actions that might result in the loss of data, systemfailures, or other serious consequences.

FeedbackWe always welcome feedback on Autodesk Official Training Guides. After completing this guide, if youhave suggestions for improvements or if you want to report an error in the book or on the CD, pleasesend your comments to [email protected].

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1

Chapter

1

Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling (BIM) is an integrated workflow built on coordinated, reliableinformation about a project from design through construction and into operations. The Revit platformis purpose-built software for building information modeling.

Building information modeling (BIM) makes sustainable design practices easier by enabling architectsand engineers to more accurately visualize, simulate, and analyze building performance earlier in thedesign process.

Chapter Objective

In this chapter, you will learn about building information modeling methodology.

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2 Chapter 1: Building Information Modeling

Lesson: Building Information Modeling forLesson: Structural Engineering

This lesson describes the building information modeling (BIM) process for structural engineering.

Applying building information modeling results in better drawings, shorter timelines, and improvedproductivity. It offers an opportunity for building industry professionals to design, construct, andoperate buildings of higher quality at a lower cost and at reduced environmental impact.

Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

Describe building information modeling.

Describe bidirectional associativity.

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Lesson: Building Information Modeling for Structural Engineering 3

About Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling is a building design and documentation methodology based oncoordinated, reliable, high quality information. It enables design and construction teams to create andmanage information about a building project consistently and reliably across the scope of the project.The information is stored in a single building model. This ensures that the information is coordinated,

consistent, and complete.

The building industry has traditionally illustrated building projects with manually created drawings.Information was added to these illustrations by using notes and specifications. With the advent ofCAD technology, this process was automated. However, the output of manual drafting, graphics CADsystems, and object-oriented CAD systems remained the same: a graphic abstraction of an intendedbuilding design.

The development of the building information modeling methodology represents a new way of thinkingand working. The ability to model with objects minimizes tedious drafting by having one 3D objecthandle multiple 2D representations when placed in a project. More important is what you can do withthe model. You use the coordinated data inherent in the model to visualize, simulate, and analyze yourdesigns and make better informed design decisions.

Building information modeling supports large team workflows to improve project understanding and

enable more predictable outcomes. The visibility that BIM provides to all members of the project teamcontributes to its success through better coordination, improved accuracy and the ability to makemore informed decisions earlier in the process.

Definition of Building Information Modeling

BIM is an integrated process that allows professionals to explore a projects key physical and functionalcharacteristics digitally before it is built.

Coordinated, consistent information is used to:

Design innovative projects from the very earliest stages

Visualize, simulate, and analyze real-world appearance, performance, and cost

Document accurately

Deliver projects faster, more economically, with reduced environmental impact

By adopting BIM, architects, engineers, contractors, and owners can easily create coordinated, digitaldesign information and documentation.

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Autodesk Revit Structure and Building Information Modeling

Revit Structure is purpose-built software for building information modeling.

Traditional drafting and CAD software represent the geometry of a design by using stylized symbolsfrom designated illustrations. Some examples of these illustrations may be a series of plans,elevations, and sections. These illustrations are essentially independent of one another.

Building information modeling software represents the design as a series of intelligent objectsand elements such as walls, beams, schedules, and plan views. These objects and elements haveparametric attributes. The information about these objects and elements is stored in a single buildingmodel. You can extract any number of different views of the data from the model.

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Revit Structure is a building design and documentation system that supports the design,documentation, and even construction efforts required for a building project. Because of itsparametric change technology, any change you make is automatically coordinated everywhere in yourproject, including model views, drawing sheets, schedules, sections, and plans.

Building Information Tailored to the User

When using a building information modeling process, the building information is stored in a singlebuilding model instead of in a format predicated on a presentation format, such as a drawing file or aspreadsheet. The building information model presents intelligent data for editing and review in viewsand formats that are appropriate for and familiar to the user. Some examples of these formats are a

structural detail or a framing plan.

For example, information such as structural beams are represented differently in a framing plan thanthey are in a structural detail. While the beam is represented by a symbolic line in plan, and a realisticrepresentation in detail, both are different representations of the same structural element.

Managing Change with Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling solutions manage iterative changes in a building model throughout thedesign, construction, and operation phases. A change to any part of the building model is replicated inall other associated parts.

Maintaining a single, internally consistent representation of the building can improve drawing

coordination and reduce the number of errors in the documents. As a result, building documentscan be of higher quality, and the costs of changes and coordination reduced. Building informationmodeling tools can enable the design, construction, and occupancy of the building to proceed withless friction and fewer difficulties than conventional tools.

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BIM for Structural Engineering

BIM for structural engineers follows the same methodology for the entire structural engineeringprocess, focusing on a digital design model that can be used for coordination with architects, andmechanical, electrical, plumbing, and civil engineers. BIM is integrated with analysis, design, andconstruction documentation. The design model can also be extended from design through fabricationand construction. Autodesk has a complete portfolio of structural engineering software that supportsthis end to end workflow.

At the center of the BIM workflow is Autodesk Revit Structure, integrating a multi-material physicaland analytical model. This single model can be created on its own, or by leveraging 2D or 3Darchitectural information.

The Revit Structure model can be used throughout the interactive design process to collaborate withall parties involved. The result is a coordinated and consistent design model that reflects the most up-to-date design.

The analytical model is used to integrate Revit Structure and widely-used industry standard structuralanalysis and design applications, such as Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional. Theanalytical model contains information such as loads, load combinations, member sizes, and releaseconditions for use in leading third-party analysis applications. The creation of the analytical modeluses engineering rules to produce a consistent analytical representation of the physical structure.Engineers can override initial analytical settings and edit the analytical model before linking tostructural analysis packages.

Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional software is a collaborative, versatile, and faststructural analysis and design application that incorporates BIM, allowing engineers to readily analyze

a wide variety of structures.Revit Structure is also used to create the construction documents required for the project. Itsbidirectional associativity ensures that changes made to the model are automatically updated onevery sheet of the construction documents. Revit Structure can also be used in conjunction withAutoCAD to leverage the power and productivity of the widely-used drafting platform, providing arobust and powerful solution for construction documents.

Finally, the same model can be used downstream for fabrication detailing and shop drawings of

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steel and concrete reinforcement using leading third-party detailing applications as well as AutoCADStructural Detailing. AutoCAD Structural Detailing software is a powerful solution for faster andefficient detailing and creation of fabrication shop drawings for reinforced concrete and steelstructures.

About Bidirectional Associativity

A key feature of Revit Structure is bidirectional associativity, which ensures that changes to anyelements of the design model are immediately reflected in all views where those elements appear.

Definition of Bidirectional Associativity

Bidirectional associativity is the ability of the building information model to coordinate changesmade in any view and propagate these changes out to all other views. Bidirectional associativity isapplied automatically to every component, view, and annotation. For example, a change in the sizeand location of a column is reflected in all plans, details, and schedules; all of which are associatedwith the column and influenced by the change in the column properties. The beams framing into thecolumn are also affected by the changes and are automatically adjusted. Revit helps ensure that plans,schedules, and building sections and elevations are immediately available, up-to-date, and accurate.

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Parametric Relationships

The term parametric refers to the relationships among the elements of a building design model. Theserelationships enable the software to coordinate and manage the changes made to the building model.The relationships are created either automatically by the software or by you. In mathematics andmechanical CAD, the numbers or characteristics that define these relationships are called parameters;therefore, the operation of the software is called parametric. It is these parametric relationships thatdeliver fundamental coordination and productivity benefits provided by the building information

modeling methodology.

Updating the Design ModelA fundamental characteristic of Revit Structure software is the ability to coordinate changes andmaintain consistency. You do not have to intervene to update drawings or links. When you changesomething, the bidirectional associativity feature of the software determines the elements that areaffected by the change and propagates that change to any affected elements.

Examples of Bidirectional Associativity Flip a section line and all views update.

Draw a wall in plan and it appears in all other views including material takeoffs.

Change a beam or column type in a schedule and the change propagates throughout the graphicaland non-graphical views.

Examples of Parametric Relationships Beams attached to supporting columns located on column grids. When a grid moves, the column

moves with it and the beams lengths adjust accordingly.

A structural truss modeled using constraints that define the number of bays and lengths ofdiagonals. When the span of the truss changes, vertical members are added where necessary andthe diagonal web members adjust accordingly.

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Chapter Overview 9

Chapter

2

Revit Structure Basics

Before you begin to use Revit Structure, you need to become familiar with the interface and thestructural elements and families used to create structural designs.

Chapter Objectives

After completing this chapter, you will be able to:

Use different parts of the Revit Structure user interface.

Work with different types of structural elements and families.

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10 Chapter 2: Revit Structure Basics

Lesson: Exploring the User Interface

This lesson describes how to use the different parts of the Revit Structure user interface. You beginthe lesson by learning about the main user interface. Then, you learn about the ribbon frameworkand some recommended practices for using the user interface. The lesson concludes with an exercise

on exploring the user interface.Revit Structure provides a user friendly interface where tools and options are available on the ribbon.In addition, context menus provide quick access to commonly used tools. The status bar providesinformation and tips that assist you while you work. Familiarity with the user interface helps you workwith the software more efficiently.

Revit Structure user interface with a project file open

Objectives


Identify the different parts of the Revit Structure user interface.

Describe the Revit Structure ribbon framework. State the recommended practices for using the user interface.

Explore the Revit Structure user interface.

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Lesson: Exploring the User Interface 11

The Revit Structure User Interface

Revit Structure is a powerful application that uses the building information modeling methodology andruns on the Microsoft Windows operating system. Like most Windows applications, the user interfaceof Revit Structure features a ribbon with tabs and panels, toolbars, and dialog boxes that you can useto perform various tasks. You use the mouse to select buttons from the panels or toolbars to performoperations.

Recent Files Window

Every time you launch Revit Structure, a startup window named Recent Files is displayed. This windowprovides links to recently opened project or family files.

Recent Files window

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Identifying the Primary User Interface Elements

The following illustration shows the ribbon in Revit with different tabs, panels, and buttons.

User InterfaceElement

Description

Application Button Opens the application menu that provides access to common tools, such as

Save, Print, and Publish.

Tab

Contains tools, settings, and standard functions. Only one tab can be activeat a time and the active tab is on top.

Panel

Groups buttons for similar functions and tools.

Expanded Panel

Expands a panel to display available actions and is indicated by an arrownext to the panel name. You can temporarily pin an open expanded panel.

Button

Starts a tool or operation.

Split Button

Opens a drop-down with actions for the particular tool.

Dialog LauncherOpens a dialog box.

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The following illustration shows the Project Browser, status bar, View Control Bar, and other elementsof the Revit Structure user interface.


Description

Project BrowserDisplays a tree view of a logical hierarchy for all views, schedules, sheets, and

families in the current project.

Status Bar

Displays the name of the family and element type when you position thecursor over an object. Displays tips or hints when you use a comment.

View Control Bar

Provides shortcuts to commonly used view commands, such as View Scaleand Model Graphics Style.

View Window

Displays the view that you have selected in the Project Browser. Views can betiled or maximized to fill the entire view window.

Navigation Bar

Displays Zoom controls and opens the Steering Wheels.

View Cube

Works as an orientation control for 3D views.

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Application Menu

The application menu provides access to many common file actions. You can also access advancedoptions, such as Export and Publish, to manage files.

Application menu

Quick Access Toolbar

The Quick Access toolbar displays the commonly used actions, such as undo and redo changes, whichyou can use on files. You can customize the default Quick Access toolbar by adding tools from theribbon.

Quick Access toolbar

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InfoCenter Toolbar

You use the InfoCenter toolbar to search for information through keywords and access subscriptionservices and product-related updates. You can also access topics in Help.

InfoCenter toolbar

Context Menus

Context menus are displayed when you right-click an object or an area of the user interface. They listcommon options, such as Zoom, and other options related to the current task. For example, if youselect a wall in the current view, and then right-click it, the context menu displays options such asChange Wall's Orientation and Select Joined Elements.

The Ribbon Framework

The ribbon is displayed at the top of the application window. You use the ribbon to access tools andoptions that help you design a building project.

You can customize the ribbon by changing its view state and by rearranging the panels that contain thetools. You can toggle between the ribbon view states by using the control to the right of the Managetab.

The following illustrations show the various ribbon view states.

Full ribbon

Ribbon minimized to tab and panel labels

Ribbon minimized to tab labels

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Ribbon Tabs

The ribbon displays nine tabs and all tools in Revit are available on these tabs. You make a tab activeby clicking its name. Each tab consists of panels of grouped tools.

The following illustration shows the various ribbon tabs.

The following table lists the tools and options that you can access on the nine ribbon tabs in RevitStructure.

TabTools and Options

Home

Includes commonly used tools for placing building elements such as beam,column, brace, wall, floor, and foundation. This tab also includes toolsgrouped by circulation, reinforcement, Datum, Work Plane, and Model.

Insert

Includes tools for linking and importing files, loading family files, andseeking content online.

Annotate Includes tools for placing dimensions, detailing, drafting, text, tags, andsymbols.

Modify

Includes tools for editing objects, geometry, linework, and faces. This tabalso includes copy and paste tools using the clipboard, inquiry tools, andphasing tools.

Analyze

Includes tools related to the analytical model, such as adding loads,boundary conditions, and analytical checks and adjustments.

Architect & Site

Includes tools for creating conceptual masses and architectural tools,including doors, window, roofs, and curtain walls. This tab also includestools for modeling and modifying the site components.

Collaborate

Includes tools for collaboration with internal and external team members.This tab also includes tools for workset creation, workset management,and coordination.

View

Includes tools for controlling graphic appearance of objects, creatingviews, and adding sheets. This tab also includes options for togglingbetween views and displaying user interface toolbars.

Manage

Includes tools grouped by Project Settings, Project Location, and Macros.This tab also includes options for managing projects and design.

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Contextual Tabs

When you start a tool or select elements, a contextual tab opens on the ribbon displaying a set of toolsthat relate only to the context of that tool or element.

The Type Selector drop-down and the Element Properties drop-down are available on the contextualtabs. Additional tools are also displayed on the contextual tab for working with the element that youare placing or modifying. The Options Bar appears under the contextual tab.

The following illustration shows the Place Beam contextual tab that opens when you activate the Beamtool.


Description

Element Propertiesdrop-down

Allows you to open either the Instance Properties or the Type Propertiesdialog box. Using these dialog boxes, you can change the properties of eitheran individual instance of a family type or all the instances of a family type.

Type Selectordrop-down

Allows you to change from one type of element to another. The contents ofthe drop-down change depending on the current tool or selected elements.

Options BarDisplays options for configuring elements you create or modify. The options

change depending on the current tool or selected elements.

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Guidelines for Using the User Interface

User interface elements such as the ribbon, Options Bar, and Project Browser help you to workefficiently. The following guidelines help you to work with the user interface.

Use the cursor tooltip to view keyboard shortcut commands for tools. The cursor tooltip displayswhen you hold it over a button on the ribbon. Instead of a command line in Revit, you can enterkeyboard shortcut commands to access tools. For example, enter VG to open the Visibility/Graphics dialog box.

Control tooltip appearance by using the Options dialog box. This helps you view the appropriateinformation for your experience level.

While working with a tool, when no other action is active, the Modify action is active by default.To end a tool or operation quickly, press ESC twice to revert to the Modify status.

Use the Options Bar to select command-specific tools such as setting wall height while you areplacing walls. This is quicker than selecting and changing walls later.

Use the Project Browser to create, delete, change, or switch between views. This helps you quicklymanage the views in a project.

Read the hints and tips displayed on the status bar while working. These provide valuableinformation about using the tools.

Hide the Project Browser while working on big drawings so as to expand the view window anddisplay a larger part of the drawing. To unhide the Project Browser, use the User Interface drop-down on the Windows panel of the View tab. You can also toggle the ribbon display to enlargeyour view on small screens.

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Exercise: Explore the Revit Structure User Interface

In this exercise, you explore the different parts of the user interface.Your firm is standardizing on Revit Structure. You need to learn the user interface before you start work on aproject.

You do the following: Explore views of a model.

Explore model properties using the interface.

The completed exercise

Completing the ExerciseTo complete the exercise, follow the

steps in this book or in the onscreen

exercise. In the onscreen list of

chapters and exercises, click Chapter 2:

Revit Structure Basics. Click Exercise:

Explore the Revit Structure User

Interface.

Explore Views of a Model1.

Open c_rst_essentials_ui.rvt. The file opens in

the 3D - Atrium view.Note: The illustrations in the exercise may varydepending on how you navigate in the project.

2.

Examine the tab names on the ribbon.

3.

Click each tab and examine the panels thatthey contain. Notice the organization of thesetabs and where different tools and options arefound.

4.

On the InfoCenter toolbar at the upper-rightcorner of the screen, expand the drop-down forHelp, as shown below.

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5.

Press F1 to open the Revit Structure User'sGuide window. Ensure that the Contents tab isactive.

Become familiar with this help system. You cancontinually utilize this system throughout yourlearning process and beyond.

6.

Close the Revit Structure Users Guide window.

7.

Examine the Project Browser. It lists all theviews associated with the structural model.Notice that the 3D - Atrium view is bold,indicating it is the active view.

The Project Browser always contains all theviews of a model and is used to navigatebetween the views. You can easily create andname new views as required in your designprocess.

8.

To examine the different views available in thismodel, in the Project Browser, under Views

(All), Structural Plans, double-click Level 2. Thisactivates the view.9.

Return to the 3D - Atrium view.

10.

On the View Control Bar, change ModelGraphics Style to Shading with Edges.

Notice the change in the graphical display of

the view.

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11.

Right-click anywhere in the view window.Notice the context menu for this 3D view andclick View Properties.

12.

In the Instance Properties dialog box, forVisibility/Graphics Overrides, click Edit in theValue field.

13.In the Visibility/Graphic Overrides dialog box,notice the visibility settings for this view.

14.

Click Cancel in both the dialog boxes.15. In the view window, place the cursor overthe curved foundation wall. The edges willhighlight and a tooltip and the status bardisplay information about the wall.

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16.

Click to select the curved foundation wall. Theselected wall displays in blue. A contextualtab named Modify Walls opens on the ribbon.Notice the tools available on this tab.

17.

Right-click the selected curved foundation wall.Click Elements Properties to open the InstanceProperties dialog box.

Note: To open the Instance Properties dialogbox, you can also click Element Properties drop-down > Instance Properties on the Elementpanel of the Modify Walls tab.

18.

In the Instance Properties dialog box:

Notice the properties of the wall.

Click Cancel to close the dialog box.

19.

Click View tab > Windows panel > Close Hidden.This closes the different views you openedwhile exploring the model using the ProjectBrowser.

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Explore Model Properties Using the Interface1.

In the Project Browser, under Views (All),Structural Plans, double-click Level 3 to openthe view.

2.

To zoom in to examine a portion of the view atclose range:

On the Navigation Bar at the right of theview window, click the drop-down arrow

under the Zoom tool. Ensure that Zoom in Region is selected.

3.

Click and drag a selection box around the areabetween grid lines H and K and grid lines 2 and4.

Note: If your mouse is equipped with a scrollwheel, you can scroll in and out in any view.Hold down the scroll wheel and you can panside to side.

4.

Move the cursor over to the column at the gridintersection J3 to highlight it. The column typeis displayed in the tooltip and on the status bar.

5.

Move the cursor over the edge of the floorslab to highlight the floor element. Click toselect the floor element. The color of the floorchanges to blue indicating the selection. Thefloor type is displayed in the Type Selectordrop-down on the Modify Floors tab.

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6.

Click Modify Floors tab > Element panel >Element Properties drop-down > InstanceProperties to open the Instance Propertiesdialog box for the selected floor.

7.

In the Instance Properties dialog box:

Notice the floor properties. If you changethese properties, only the selected floorproperties change.

Click Cancel to close the dialog box.

8.

Examine the panels on the Modify Floors tab.Notice that the tab displays tools for modifyingthe selected floor.

9.Click Home tab > Structure panel > Wall. Acontextual tab named Place Structural Wallopens. Notice that the Options Bar below theribbon displays options such as Location Line,Chain, and Offset for sketching or placing newwalls.

10.

Click Place Structural Wall tab > Selection panel> Modify to exit the Wall tool.

11.

Click the Annotate tab. Notice the tools that areavailable on this tab.

12.

In the view window, select the floor slab asselected previously.

13.

Open the 3D - Atrium view.

14. In the view window: Zoom the view to fit and notice that the

floor slab is still selected.

Clear the selection by clicking away fromthe floor slab.

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15.

On the View Control Bar:

Click Model Graphics Style to open theassociated list.

Click Wireframe to change the view towireframe.

Apply the other model graphic styles.

16.

Return to the Shading with Edges style.

17.

Click View tab > Windows panel > Tile to displayall the views that you have opened.

18.

On the Navigation Bar in the active view:

Click the Zoom drop-down.

Click Zoom All to Fit. Notice that each viewis zoomed to fit within its tiled window.

19. Close the file without saving changes.

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Lesson: Working with Structural ElementsLesson: and Families

This lesson describes how to work with different types of structural elements and families. You begin

the lesson by learning about structural elements and families. Next, you learn some recommendedpractices for working with them. The lesson concludes with an exercise on working with structuralelements and families.

Structural elements, such as columns and beams, are used to model a building structure. Revitprovides a standard library of elements, in which elements of similar types are grouped into families.These Revit families are groups of elements with common parameters and usage. For example, asteel building can contain several different wide flange column sizes, such as W10x88, W12x65, andW14x82, but they all belong to the same wide flange column family. You can create new families oreasily modify the existing ones using the Revit Family Editor, without the need for any programming.

The following illustration shows a building structure built with standard Revit elements, includingbeams, columns, braces, floors, walls, and foundations.

ObjectivesAfter completing this lesson, you will be able to:

Describe structural elements.

Describe families.

State the recommended practices for working with structural elements and families.

Work with structural elements and families.

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Lesson: Working with Structural Elements and Families 27

About Structural Elements

A structural model comprises different structural elements, such as beams, columns, walls, andfoundations.

Definition of Structural ElementsStructural elements are the fundamental blocks of a building structure. When you place an element ina structural model, the individual element is called an instance of that element type. The instances ofan element type have certain common parameter values. Element instances are broadly divided intofour categories: datum, model, view, and annotation. The model category is further subdivided intothe component and host categories.

The following illustration shows the categories of element instances and some examples of elementsincluded in these categories.

The following table describes each element category.

CategoryDescription

Datum

Includes elements such as levels, column grids, and reference planes that establisha context for the host and component elements. These datum elements help layoutthe building structure.

Model

Includes elements such as walls, floors, columns, and beams that are used to modela structural design.

Component

Includes elements such as beams, columns, braces, and foundations that fill thedetails of a structural model.

Host

Includes elements such as walls, slabs, roofs, stairs, and ramps that form the basicbuilt-in-place structure of a model.

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Category

Description

View

Includes elements such as structural plans, sections, and schedules that aredynamic representations of a structural model, have their own properties, and canbe modified or deleted. View elements control the annotation elements placed in aview. If you delete a view, the annotations placed in the view are also deleted. Viewelements do not control the host and component elements.

Annotation Includes elements such as dimensions, text notes, section tags, and object tags thatare two-dimensional and are visible only in the specified view of a structural model.These elements help create structural documentation.

Elements as Objects

Structural elements such as walls, columns, and beams are called objects. The properties of theseobjects, such as structure and behavior, are called parameters. These properties simplify the processof creating a structural model. For example, when you draw a wall element in Revit, you do not needto ensure that the wall layer is active as in a conventional CAD application. In addition, you do notneed to draw the faces and internal structural details of the wall element separately. The wall elementbehaves as a wall and has all the visual attributes of a wall, such as the required line weight and color.

You can join a wall element to other walls, connect it structurally to floors and ceilings, and placewindows and doors in it.

Intelligence is programmed into Revit elements so that their behavior is affected by the relationshipsthey share with other elements.

Example of Structural Elements

The following illustrations show wall elements, wall instance parameters, and wall type parameters.

Wall elements

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Wall instance parameters

Wall type parameters

About Families

Families are classes of elements within a category that group elements with a common set ofparameters, identical use, and similar graphical representation. Revit contains various predefinedfamilies, which you can use in your projects. You can modify these predefined families to suit projectrequirements. You can also create custom families by using templates for beams, columns, andfoundations.

Definition of Families

A family is a collection of objects with similar characteristics. These characteristics are represented byinstance and type parameters. Instance parameters are specific to a particular instance of an object ina structural model, but type parameters apply to all objects of a particular type.

Different elements within a family may have different values for some or all properties; however, theset of properties is the same. Each element with a different value is a new type within a family. Forexample, a beam with a specific profile can be of different sizes and all beams of different sizes arenew types within the beam family. Similarly, rectangular columns can be considered as one family,though the columns belonging to the family are available in different styles and different sizes withinthose styles.

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The following illustration shows different types of columns belonging to the Structural Columns family.

Component and System Families

There are two types of families, component and system.

Component families, also known as loadable families, are families for which you can specifyparameters and graphical representations. The extensive library of component families includesannotation components, 2D detail components, and 3D model components. You can createcomponent families by using family templates or by loading existing component families into aproject. You can also modify the existing component families.

A special type of component family is an in-place family, which is specific to the project in which it iscreated and edited. An example of an in-place family is a tapered column.

System families are families that have a predefined set of parameters and graphical representation.The system family library includes walls, dimensions, roofs, floors, and levels. System families arenot available as external files; therefore, you cannot load or create system families as separate files.However, you can modify the existing system families to suit project requirements or organizationstandards. You can use a predefined system family to generate new types in that family in a project.For example, although the behavior of a wall is predefined, you can still create different types of wallswith different compositions. You can transfer system families between projects.

The following table shows an example of an element, a family, a type, and an instance.

OptionExample

Element

Wall

Family/System family

Basic Wall

Type

Exterior - 12" Concrete

Instance

Actual user-drawn wall in a project

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Example of Families

Revit provides controls for how elements are constructed and located in a project using the Family,Type, and Instance Properties dialog boxes. The family properties control the geometry of elements,the type properties control their size, and the instance properties control the location of elements inspace.

The following illustrations show a wall instance, different wall families, and a wall family type.

Wall instance

Wall familiesWall family type

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Guidelines for Working with Structural Elements and Families

The following recommended practices help you work efficiently with structural elements and families.

Familiarize yourself with the predefined content libraries that Revit installs and custom contentlibraries created by other users in your organization. This enables you to reuse existing elementsand saves the time and effort that goes into creating a library from scratch. You can also access theRevit content online.

Save a family to the library folder after creating new types or modifying a type within a family. Thismakes the new family type available across projects and to other users.

Identify and create common system content that is frequently used in your organization, suchas wall and floor types, and include it in the template file of your organization. This saves timebecause you do not have to recreate the system content as you model future projects.

Move the cursor over an element to view the tooltip information about its family and type whileyou are working in the view window. Take care not to click elements and modify them accidentally.

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Exercise: Work with Structural Elements and Families

In this exercise, you view different types of structural elements, families, and types of families. You also changethe parameters of a beam.In your project, you want to view the different types of structural elements and families in different views.

The completed exercise

Completing the ExerciseTo complete the exercise, follow the

steps in this book or in the onscreen

exercise. In the onscreen list of

chapters and exercises, click Chapter 2:

Revit Structure Basics. Click Work with

Structural Elements and Families.

1.

Open i_rst_essentials_structural_elements.rvtor m_rst_essentials_structural_elements.rvt.The file opens in the default 3D view of abuilding structure consisting of compositeconcrete floor slabs supported on steel framingand load bearing walls. Notice that only the

model elements display in the 3D view. Thedatum elements, which are levels and grids, donot display in the 3D view.Note: The illustrations for the metric datasetwill be slightly different from those shown here.

2.

Open the Elevation 2 - a view, which showsa steel brace frame consisting of wide flangebeams, wide flange columns, and steel tubebraces. In addition to the model elements,

there are level and grid datum elements andannotation tags that belong to the view.

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3.

Select the beam below the SECOND FLR. level.

4.

Click Modify Structural Framing tab > Elementpanel > Type Selector drop-down.

5.

Select W-Wide Flange W12x26 (M_W-WideFlange W310X38.7) from the Type Selectordrop-down. Notice that the depth of the beamchanges, and also that the ends of the bracesadjust with the depth of the beam.

6.

On the Element panel, select Type Propertiesfrom the Element Properties drop-down.

7.

In the Type Properties dialog box:

Notice that the W12x26 (W310X38.7) beambelongs to the W-Wide Flange (M_W-WideFlange) family.

Click Cancel.8.

In the view window, select one of the twoW10x49 (W250x115) columns.

9.

Open the Type Properties dialog box again.

10.

In the Type Properties dialog box:

Notice that the W10x49 (W250x115)column belongs to the W-Wide Flange-Column (M_W-Wide Flange-Column) family.

Click Cancel.Note: It is important to note that the columnand beam elements share the same typeparameters that define their size, such as bf,tf, and tw. However, these elements belong todifferent families because they have a differentset of instance parameters that define theirlocation in the model based on their structuraluse.

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11.

In the view window, clear the selection fromthe column.

12.

Open the SECOND FLR. structural plan view.

13.

In the view window, notice the stickrepresentation of the steel framing. This isbecause the view is set to the Coarse detailview.

14.

On the View Control Bar, change the Detail

Level to Medium. The beam extrusionsrepresenting the actual flange widths of themembers are now visible.

Note: Changing the Detail Level can be usefulfor checking whether the flange widthsaccommodate the slab edges or architecturalwall assemblies at shaft openings and at theperimeter of the building.

15.

Open the Structural Framing Schedule view.This schedule view lists every instance ofstructural framing elements currently in themodel. You can assign parameters common tostructural framing elements to display by using

the properties of the schedule view. In thiscase, Reference Level, Family and Type, Length,and Structural Usage are displayed.Note: Schedule views are bidirectional, similarto the other views in the Revit model. Ifelements are added or removed from themodel, the schedule is automatically updatedaccordingly. Similarly, any changes made in theschedule view are propagated throughout themodel.

16.

Click View tab > Windows panel > Tile to displaythe tile view.

17. Click in the default 3D view window to make itactive.

18.

On the Navigation Bar, click Zoom All to Fit fromthe Zoom options drop-down.

Notice that each view is zoomed to fit its tiledwindow.

Note: If the Zoom All to Fit option is alreadyselected in the Zoom options drop-down, clickthe Zoom icon to activate Zoom All to Fit.

19.

Close the file without saving changes.

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Chapter Overview 37

Chapter

3

Viewing the Structural Model

In this chapter, you learn how to create, duplicate, and manage views. Additionally, you learn how tocontrol object visibility in views and create elevation, section, and 3D views.

Chapter Objectives

After completing this chapter, you will be able to:

Use the different views listed in the Project Browser.

Control the visibility and graphical representation of objects in a structural model.

Work with elevation and section views.

Work with 3D views.

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38 Chapter 3: Viewing the Structural Model

Lesson: Working with Views

This lesson describes how to use the different views listed in the Project Browser. You begin the lessonby learning about views and the use of view properties. Then, you learn about some recommendedpractices for working with views. The lesson concludes with an exercise on exploring existing views

and creating new ones.View elements are essential to the process of creating a Revit model. You can use views, such asthe plan, section, elevation, and 3D views, to visualize a model as it is being built and generatethe construction documentation. Each view has specific properties that can be used to modify itsgraphical display, independent of the other views. However, changes made to model elements, suchas beams, columns, and walls, are reflected in all associated views.

The following illustration shows four different views tiled in the view window: a framing elevation, a3D view, a wall elevation, and a framing plan.

Objectives


Describe views.

Explain the use of view properties. State the recommended practices for working with views.

Explore and create views.

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Lesson: Working with Views 39

About Views

The Project Browser displays a list of all project views. These views display different representations ofthe same structural model. When you open a new view, the views that were already open remain openand their settings do not change.

Definition of Views

Views provide a way of visualizing and working on a building model. You use views to display amodel from different directions and reference points that help you build the model. In addition, youuse views to generate plans, elevations, sections, details, and schedules that are used to assembleconstruction documentation.

When you start a project, certain views are created by default based on the project template thatyou select. You can edit the properties of these views and create new views, as required. You can alsoduplicate existing plan and 3D views to create new views.

You can navigate within a view using the mouse wheel, Steering Wheels, or the view cube, and switchbetween views in the middle of an activity. For example, you can select a floor in 3D view and edit it inplan view. However, only one view can be active at any given time.

Bidirectional Associativity

Bidirectional associativity ensures that the changes made in one view automatically reflect in all theassociated views. Bidirectional associativity applies to every component, view, and annotation in aproject.

For example, a change made to the spacing of the floor framing in a plan view is reflected in all theassociated views, such as section views.

Options for Duplicating Views

By duplicating a view, you can display the same portion of the structural model in multiple views withdifferent view settings, if required.

The following table describes the three options that you can use to duplicate views.

OptionsDescription

Duplicate

This option creates a view that is a copy of the original view. A duplicateview displays model elements but not annotation elements from theoriginal view. For example, you can use this option to create a duplicatefoundation plan that displays a referenced architectural plan and is usedfor coordination purposes. The duplicate plan is independent of theoriginal foundation plan.

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Options

Description

Duplicate withDetailing

This option creates a view that inherits all details of the original view. Aduplicate with detailing view displays both model and annotation elementsfrom the original view. For example, you can use this option to createan overall foundation plan that includes the detailing you added to theoriginal foundation plan. The overall plan is independent of the originalfoundation plan. Any additional annotation you add is displayed only in the

view to which it is added.

Duplicate as aDependent

This option creates a dependent view that inherits view properties andview-specific elements from the original view, known as the parent view. Adependent view is used to display only a specific area of the view. You caninsert matchlines to indicate where the view is split and view referencesto link views. Annotation added to the dependent view is displayed in theparent view and vice versa. This option helps to create views that showportions of a plan when the entire plan is too large to fit on a drawingsheet.

The following illustrations show an original view and its duplicate copies created by using the optionsfor duplicating views.

Original view with annotation

Duplicate view without annotation

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Duplicate with detailing view, with annotation included

Duplicate as a dependent view, with annotation included

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Underlay

You use the underlay property of a plan view to display another plan view of the model under thecurrent plan view. Underlay can be above or below the current level and appears in halftone. You useunderlay to understand the relationship among the components on different floors. You can selectand modify elements in the underlay or snap to the underlay elements for the purpose of the designlayout.

In the following illustration, the halftone lines show a lower-level plan view as underlay in the currentplan view.

Examples of Views

The following illustrations show the different types of views of a structural model.

3D view

Callout view

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Framing Elevation view

Section view

Plan view

Elevation view

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Schedule view

View Properties

You use view properties to set and modify parameters associated with the active view, such as scale,

graphics style, and underlay. Certain view instance properties are available on the View Control Bar atthe bottom of each view window. You can use this bar to quickly access some of the properties thataffect the views in the view window

You can also modify the properties of a view by using the Instance Properties dialog box for that view.

The following illustration shows the Instance Properties dialog box for a structural plan view.

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View Property Parameters

View property parameters affect the way a model is displayed in the active view window.

Different types of views have different properties. The following table describes the key parametersavailable in the Instance Properties dialog box of a view.

Parameter

DescriptionView Scale

Changes the scale of the view as it appears on the drawing sheet.

Scale Value

Defines a custom scale value. Scale Value is enabled when Custom is selected forView Scale.

DisplayModel

Comprises three settings: Normal, Do Not Display, and As Underlay. The Normalsetting displays all elements normally. This setting is intended for all nondetailviews. The Do Not Display setting hides the model and displays only detailed,view-specific elements. These elements include lines, regions, dimensions, text,and symbols. The As Underlay setting displays all detailed, view-specific elementsnormally and model elements appear dimmed.

Detail Level

Applies a Coarse, Medium, or Fine detail level setting to the view scale. This settingoverrides the automatic detail level setting for the view.

Visibility/GraphicsOverrides

Controls the visibility of objects by category in a view. You can specify visibilitysettings using the Visibility/Graphic Overrides dialog box.Note: This is a powerful feature of Revit and you will learn more about it later.

ModelGraphicsStyle

Specifies different graphic styles for the project view. The styles include HiddenLine, Wireframe, Shading, and Shading with Edges.

GraphicDisplayOptions

Control the shadows and silhouette lines in a view.

Discipline

Specifies the discipline for the project view and controls the display of modelobjects. You can select the Architectural, Structural, Mechanical, Electrical, andCoordination disciplines for the project.

Color Scheme

Specifies the color pattern to be applied when rooms are visible in the view.

View Name

Displays the name of the active view. The view name also appears in the ProjectBrowser and on the title bar of the view.

Title on Sheet

Shows the name of the view as it appears on the sheet; the name is different fromthe value in the View Name property. This parameter is not available for sheetviews.

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Parameter

Description

Crop Viewand CropRegionVisible

Sets a boundary around the building model. You can select the boundary and resizeit using drag controls. The visibility of the model changes when you resize theboundary. To turn off cropping, clear the Crop Region check box. To turn off theboundary and maintain the cropping, clear the Crop Region Visible check box.

View Range

Controls the specific geometric planes that define the boundaries of plan views.You can set these boundaries by defining the height of the Top clip plane, the Cutplane, and the Bottom clip plane. This parameter is available only in plan views.

Phase Filter

Applies a specific phase filter to a view. This parameter controls the appearance ofmodel objects based on their phase status.

Phase

Displays the specific phase of a view. View Phase, Phase Filter, and Object Phasework together to determine which model components are visible in the view andhow they appear graphically.

View Range

Plan views are three-dimensional. All plan views and reflected ceiling plan views have an instanceproperty called View Range, which is a group of horizontal planes that affect object visibility andappearance in a view. View Range has four horizontal planes: Top, Cut, Bottom, and View Depth.The Top and Bottom planes represent the top an

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