Invenergy

Developed Storage Projects

GrandRidge IVLithium Titanate

2012

1.5 MW / 1.0 MWh

2014

GoldthwaiteSodium Nickel Chloride0.6 MW / 1.2 MWh

Grand Ridge IV ExpansionLithium Iron Phosphate

2016

3.0 MW / 1.4 MWh >700 MWh contracted and awarded

2019+

2015

Beech Ridge Energy StorageLithium Iron Phosphate

31.5 MW / 12.2 MWh

Grand Ridge Energy StorageLithium Iron Phosphate

2015

31.5 MW / 12.2 MWh

2

IowaLithium Iron PhosphateAward to Completion in less than 4 months

2018

1 MW / 4 MWh

Grand Ridge Energy StorageLithium Iron Phosphate

2015

31.5 MW / 12.2 MWh

3Confidential & Proprietary

Energy Storage Technology 101

4Confidential & Proprietary

There are multiple methods of storing energy—and many options for applications.

Energy Storage 101 Technology Overview5Confidential & Proprietary

Generation

Substation Demand

100 MW Capacity

100 MW Capacity 75 - 125 MW Load

Battery25 MW Capacity

Substation Demand

100 MW Capacity

100 MW Capacity 75 - 125 MW Load

Defer transmission or distribution upgrades for peak load growth

Battery25 MW Capacity

Energy Storage 101 Terminology6Confidential & Proprietary

Flow rate = PowerUnits: Kilowatts (kW)

Megawatts (MW)

Power is limited by the size and number of inverters

Size of tank = EnergyUnits: Kilowatt-hours (kWh)

Megawatt-hours (MWh)

Energy is limited by the size and number of battery modules

Amount of available energy at a given time =State of Charge (SOC)

A battery stores electricity, as a tank stores water:

Use Cases: Grand Ridge Energy Storage7Confidential & Proprietary

Market Participant - PJM Fast Frequency Regulation

Collocated with wind farm

2. Application

2. BenefitsAverage of $90 million in annual savings for PJM

Construction savings for Invenergy

Market opened to support grid1. Driver

Use Cases: Arizona Public Service PPA8Confidential & Proprietary

PPA from APS RFP

Stand-alone storage

2. Application

2. BenefitsCapturing cheap power from duck curve

Flexible operations allows for market participation

Moratorium from PUC on thermal peakers

1. Driver

Use Cases: New York NWA9Confidential & Proprietary

SC

Peak Shaving BESS

Backup Microgrid BESS

Distribution Bus

Remote substation with frequent outages

4MWh peak shaving

60MWh backup BESS

2. Application

2. BenefitsT&D deferral cost savings

Grid resiliency

1. Driver“Reforming the Energy Vision”: NY’s plan for clean, resilient, affordable energy system

Join us.

We’re building a sustainable world.

Multiple trays are wired in series to form a Battery String. Strings can be configured vertically in a single rack, across multiple racks, or horizontally.

Each string has a Battery Management System (BMS) that monitors voltage, current, temperature, SOC, et.

Energy Storage 101 Terminology continued11Confidential & Proprietary

The inverter rating dictates how much power can be charged or discharged to the battery (typically max charge power = max discharge power)

Inverter (a.k.a. PCS)

DC Block

The Battery Tray or Module is the smallest replaceable unit. It is filled with Battery Cells.

“Battery” = …almost anything, depending on who is speaking

Energy Storage 101 System Duration12Confidential & Proprietary

Power Duration

1 MW

1 MW

1 MW

Energy

0.5 MWh

1 MWh

4 MWh

30 min

1 hour

4 hours