inventory of madrid city air pollutant emissions 2016 ...€¦ · emissions from “waste treatment...

INVENTORY OF MADRID CITY AIR POLLUTANT

EMISSIONS 2016

Directorate General for Sustainability and Environmental

Control


EMISSIONS 2016

Directorate General for Sustainability and Environmental

Control

July 2018

Prepared by:

Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial (F2I2)

Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales

Technical University of Madrid (U.P.M)


EMISSIONS 2015

Summary of emissions in the period 1999-2016

Page 1

1 INTRODUCTION

The Department of Environment and Mobility of the City of Madrid, annually elaborates the Air Pollutant

Emissions Inventory of Madrid city. This Inventory is a useful tool for decision making regarding

environmental policy as well as being an essential element for a basic understanding of the activities

affecting air quality, sustainable energy management and Climate Change mitigation.

For the elaboration of the Air Pollutant Emissions Inventory of Madrid city 2016 (hereinafter Inventory

2016), the working team of the Fundación para el Fomento de la Innovación Industrial (F2I2) has

followed the methodology of the air pollutant emission inventory guidebooks published by the European

Environment Agency (EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2009, 2013 and 2016).

Base information has been compiled from questionnaires sent to major local industries as well as from

data provided by the National Statistics Institute, the Ministry of Agriculture, Fishing, Food and the

Environment (MAPAMA) and the Energy balance of the municipality of Madrid in 2016, among others.

The relevant emitting activities considered in the Inventory 2016 have been gathered according to the

Selected Nomenclature for sources of Air Pollution (SNAP). This nomenclature considers 11 categories

at the higher level of aggregation. These categories are referred to as activity groups (Table 1). As for

the pollutants considered, Table 2 shows those included in the Inventory, distinguishing between

greenhouse gases (GHG), acidifying gases and ozone precursors and particulate matter.

Table 1. SNAP Nomenclature. Activity groups

01 Combustion in energy and transformation industries (*)

02 Non-industrial combustion plants

03 Combustion in manufacturing industry

04 Production processes

05 Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels and geothermal energy

06 Solvent and other product use

07 Road transport

08 Non-road transport

09 Waste treatment and disposal

10 Agriculture

11 Other sources and sinks (nature) (*) Without emissions in the municipality of Madrid.

Table 2. Pollutants

Greenhouse gases (GHG)

CH4 Methane

CO2 Carbon dioxide

HFC Hydrofluorocarbons

N2O Nitrous oxide

PFC Perfluorocarbons

SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride

Acidifying gases and

ozone precursors

CO Carbon monoxide

NMVOC Non-methane volatile organic compounds

NH3 Ammonia

NOX Nitrogen oxides (NO+NO2), as NO2

SOX (hereinafter SO2) Sulphur oxides (SO2+SO3), as SO2

Particulate matter

PM2.5 Particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns

PM10 Particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns

TPM Total particulate matter


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 2

2 EMISSIONS IN MADRID CITY

2.1 Total emissions

Table 3 shows the annual total emissions of Madrid city for each of the pollutant evaluated from 1999

to 2016.

Table 3. Total emissions by pollutant1

Pollutant Unit 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

CH4 t 47 576 47 754 45 093 42 330 37 200 19 884 20 793 20 542 19 440

CO t 101 086 86 075 71 481 63 200 52 089 47 114 39 186 33 999 29 628

CO2 (*) kt 7 476 7 497 7 357 7 384 7 528 7 844 7 878 7 771 7 634

COVNM t 47 812 45 098 41 748 37 952 36 113 34 295 32 061 30 094 28 821

HFC-125 kg 18 471 27 143 36 526 45 150 54 718 64 214 75 831 99 396 121 902

HFC-134a kg 59 867 75 704 90 059 99 113 121 031 131 164 149 314 171 767 195 425

HFC-143a kg 14 435 19 869 25 796 31 222 37 208 43 088 50 341 57 333 64 317

HFC-152a kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

HFC-227ea kg 302 442 671 893 1 122 1 396 1 727 1 997 2 448

HFC-23 kg 571 1 195 1 577 1 909 2 368 2 685 2 883 2 940 3 120

HFC-236fa kg 5 14 22 29 35 39 43 45 47

HFC-32 kg 4 756 7 952 11 378 14 539 18 042 21 543 25 832 30 074 34 248

N2O t 837 859 804 797 807 779 819 890 869

NH3 t 1 058 1 235 1 367 1 373 1 685 1 631 1 601 1 820 1 690

NOX t 27 597 27 348 26 252 26 138 25 333 26 239 26 034 25 529 23 509

PFC-116 kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PFC-218 kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

PFC-410 kg 10 12 13 15 16 16 17 16 16

PM10 t 2 086 2 005 1 847 1 787 1 718 1 730 1 666 1 664 1 519

PM2.5 t 1 882 1 801 1 643 1 577 1 511 1 519 1 456 1 458 1 321

TPM t 2 366 2 289 2 128 2 078 2 003 2 023 1 953 1 939 1 797

SF6 kg 282 290 303 321 347 387 435 470 508

SO2 t 4 481 3 778 3 169 2 782 2 676 2 595 2 134 2 271 2 153

Pollutant Unit 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

CH4 t 19 415 19 568 19 871 18 988 18 556 17 460 16 437 15 943 16 362

CO t 25 891 21 224 18 908 16 330 12 733 12 188 11 464 11 089 10 434

CO2 (*) kt 7 457 7 045 6 674 6 138 5 990 5 812 5 483 5 614 5 967

COVNM t 26 416 24 157 23 106 22 323 21 403 20 675 20 482 20 337 19 814

HFC-125 kg 133 863 121 916 122 464 122 383 123 747 124 328 122 665 67 099 61 531

HFC-134a kg 208 383 196 614 192 856 188 795 187 773 189 797 188 136 130 690 139 063

HFC-143a kg 68 290 64 460 64 615 63 665 61 333 60 268 60 568 25 224 25 092

HFC-152a kg 0 0 0 21 82 110 85 167 285

HFC-227ea kg 2 967 3 525 4 090 4 746 5 454 6 060 6 165 6 286 6 570

HFC-23 kg 3 310 3 412 3 427 3 441 3 434 3 379 3 244 3 113 3 028

HFC-236fa kg 48 48 47 46 44 42 39 35 31

HFC-32 kg 36 512 34 199 34 289 35 218 38 976 40 659 38 841 27 854 26 885

N2O t 865 825 812 767 665 601 586 563 583

NH3 t 1 669 1 554 1 600 1 528 971 723 641 597 638

NOX t 21 961 20 052 18 349 16 475 15 375 14 461 13 574 13 725 13 881

PFC-116 kg 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 3

PFC-218 kg 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 47 39

PFC-410 kg 16 15 15 14 14 12 11 9 11

PM10 t 1 399 1 299 1 166 1 054 988 955 936 929 921

PM2.5 t 1 209 1 117 984 878 822 796 775 764 748


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 3

Pollutant Unit 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

TPM t 1 666 1 555 1 411 1 290 1 205 1 162 1 150 1 148 1 163

SF6 kg 539 563 592 581 590 586 586 608 623

SO2 t 1 516 1 324 1 202 1 133 995 953 931 918 899 (1) CO2 removals by sinks are not included (SNAP group 11)

With the exception of fluorine compounds (HFCs, PFCs and SF6), emissions decreased in this period

of time. Particularly relevant are the reductions of CH4, CO, NMVOC, SO2 and PM2.5, reaching 66%,

90%, 59%, 80% and 60%, respectively.

Table 4 and Figure 1 show the total GHG emissions in Madrid city expressed in terms of CO2 equivalent

(CO2-eq). For this purpose, emissions of each GHG have been weighted by their corresponding global

warming potential (GWP), in accordance with the recommended values of the Fourth Assessment

Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), available at:

http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_and_data_reports.shtml#.UVq7jDdOnZc

Table 4. Total GHG emissions (kt CO2-eq)1

Pollutant 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

CH4 1 189 1 194 1 127 1 058 930 497 520 514 486

CO2 7 476 7 497 7 357 7 384 7 528 7 844 7 878 7 771 7 634

HFC 227 317 405 481 582 664 770 920 1 071

N2O 249 256 240 237 240 232 244 265 259

PFC 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

SF6 6 7 7 7 8 9 10 11 12

TOTAL 9 149 9 270 9 136 9 167 9 289 9 246 9 422 9 481 9 462

Pollutant 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

CH4 485 489 497 475 464 436 411 399 409

CO2 7 457 7 045 6 674 6 138 5 990 5 812 5 483 5 614 5 967

HFC 1 155 1 081 1 081 1 073 1 071 1 073 1 064 620 611

N2O 258 246 242 229 198 179 175 168 174

PFC 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5

SF6 12 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14

TOTAL 9 368 8 875 8 507 7 928 7 737 7 514 7 146 6 815 7 175 (1) CO2 removals by sinks are not included (SNAP group 11)

Figure 1. GHG emissions trend by compound


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 4

Total GHG emissions in 2016 declined by 22% compared to 1999, mainly due to the reduction of CO2

emissions in the “Road transport” sector and CH4 emissions from “Waste treatment and disposal”. In

2016, GHG emissions are 5% higher than in 2015, due to an increase of natural gas consumption in

“RCI” sector (group 02), an increment of road traffic (group 07), and a higher activity in the airports

(included in group 08).

The contribution of each GHG to total CO2-eq figures is shown in Figure 2. CO2 is the single most

important specie with an average contribution of 80% in the period 1999 – 2016. Unlike the rather

constant contribution of CO2, Figure 2 shows a decreasing contribution of CH4 and the increasing

relevance of HFCs (except for the last two years).

Figure 2. GHG emissions breakdown by compound (%)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 5

2.2 Emissions disaggregated by pollutant and SNAP group

2.2.1 Greenhouse gases

Table 5 and Figure 3 show the GHG emissions by activity group expressed in terms of CO2 equivalent.

It is noticeable that the total GHG emissions have not undergone major changes in the period

inventoried until 2008, when emissions began to decrease. This is mainly due to the reduction of

emissions from the “Road transport” sector as a result of the decrease of the total distance travelled

within the city, the promotion of mopeds and motorcycles, the turnover of the fleet and the improvement

of the municipal public transport system, among others.

Table 5. GHG emissions by SNAP group (kt CO2-eq)1,2

Year G_02 G_03 G_04 G_05 G_06 G_07 G_08 G_09 G_10 G_11 TOTAL

1999 2 595 604 19 19 373 3 436 676 1 414 6 8 9 149

2000 2 550 556 23 18 464 3 471 743 1 431 6 8 9 270

2001 2 479 496 20 17 553 3 423 762 1 374 5 8 9 136

2002 2 358 449 23 17 621 3 543 718 1 426 5 8 9 167

2003 2 559 495 23 19 715 3 442 669 1 355 6 9 9 289

2004 2 676 459 26 18 790 3 602 706 957 4 9 9 246

2005 2 695 455 27 16 906 3 592 729 990 3 9 9 422

2006 2 557 458 33 16 1 069 3 467 898 971 3 9 9 481

2007 2 614 485 29 17 1 217 3 233 927 927 3 9 9 462

2008 2 611 480 26 15 1 294 3 110 864 956 3 9 9 368

2009 2 508 380 13 17 1 206 2 948 792 999 3 9 8 875

2010 2 377 365 19 16 1 199 2 796 734 989 3 9 8 507

2011 2 240 352 14 17 1 180 2 461 732 921 3 9 7 928

2012 2 335 323 1 18 1 164 2 327 681 875 3 9 7 737

2013 2 354 366 1 18 1 157 2 236 603 768 3 9 7 514

2014 2 124 362 1 15 1 147 2 240 610 635 3 9 7 146

2015 2 065 374 1 15 698 2 372 666 613 3 9 6 815

2016 2 224 414 1 17 690 2 450 735 633 3 9 7 175

(1) G_02: Non-industrial combustion; G_03: Combustion in manufacturing industry; G_04: Production processes; G_05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; G_06: Solvent and other product use; G_07: Road transport; G_08: Non-road transport; G_09: Waste treatment and disposal; G_10: Agriculture; G_11: Other sources and sinks (nature). (2) CO2 removals by sinks are not included (SNAP group 11)

Figure 3. GHG emissions trend by SNAP group (kt CO2-eq)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 6

Figure 4 shows the relative contribution to total GHG emissions of each group. The SNAP groups 02

and 07 combined account for about 63% of GHG emissions in the period inventoried. Other SNAP

groups, such as 03, 06, 08 y 09, have a lower contribution to total emissions (ranging from 5% to 12%).

Figure 4. GHG emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

Figure 5 shows the relative change of GHG emissions for each SNAP group between 1999 and 2016,

taking 1999 emissions as a reference. It can be seen that the emissions from SNAP groups 02, 03, 04,

05, 07, 09 and 10 decreased while those from SNAP groups 06, 08 and 11 increased. The significant

rise of emissions from group 06 is mainly due to the increasing use of HFC in refrigeration, air

conditioning and firefighting equipment.

Figure 5. GHG emissions trend by SNAP group compared to 1999 (1999 = 100)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 7

2.2.2 Acidifying gases

This section includes information on NOX, SO2 and NH3 emissions.

As it can be seen in Table 6 and Figure 6, NOX emissions decreased by 50% from 1999 to 2016 in

Madrid city. This is mainly due to the reduction of emissions from groups 03 and 07. The emissions of

groups 02, 08, 10 and 11 show small variation in the period. However, the NOX emissions of group 09

decreased by 64% in 2014 due to the cessation of sewage sludge drying. There are no emissions from

activity group 04 since 2012 as a result of the interruption of steel production in the municipality

Table 6. NOX emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 2 855 1 854 71 0 0 19 226 2 979 592 4 16 27 597

2000 2 845 1 738 82 0 0 18 740 3 317 606 3 16 27 348

2001 2 794 1 561 71 0 0 17 752 3 455 601 2 16 26 252

2002 2 645 1 504 74 0 0 17 612 3 289 995 2 16 26 138

2003 2 882 1 414 80 0 0 16 535 3 147 1 256 2 17 25 333

2004 3 032 981 90 0 0 17 221 3 324 1 572 2 16 26 239

2005 3 059 959 89 0 0 16 954 3 411 1 544 1 17 26 034

2006 2 901 978 109 0 0 15 319 4 994 1 208 1 17 25 529

2007 2 963 1 011 108 0 0 13 614 4 804 992 1 16 23 509

2008 2 952 1 042 99 0 0 12 388 4 352 1 110 1 16 21 961

2009 2 832 895 52 0 0 11 279 3 940 1 038 1 16 20 052

2010 2 677 1 126 75 0 0 9 887 3 474 1 093 1 16 18 349

2011 2 519 1 043 61 0 0 8 344 3 446 1 045 1 17 16 475

2012 2 637 995 0 0 0 7 380 3 300 1 046 1 17 15 375

2013 2 665 1 002 0 0 0 7 093 2 886 796 1 16 14 461

2014 2 405 977 0 0 0 7 012 2 872 290 1 17 13 574

2015 2 339 1 026 0 0 0 6 946 3 150 245 1 17 13 725

2016 2 519 1 065 0 0 0 6 508 3 539 232 1 17 13 881

(1) G_02: Non-industrial combustion; G_03: Combustion in manufacturing industry; G_04: Production processes; G_05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; G_06: Solvent and other product use; G_07: Road transport; G_08: Non-road transport; G_09: Waste treatment and disposal; G_10: Agriculture; G_11: Other sources and sinks (nature).

Figure 6. NOX emissions trend by SNAP group (t)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 8

As for the contribution of each group to total NOX emissions, Figure 7 shows that “Road transport” is

the most relevant emitting group, accounting for approximately 58% of Madrid’s NOX emissions as an

average in the period inventoried. It should be highlighted that the share of NOX has steadily decreased

in the period (from 69.7% in 1999 to 46.9% in 2016). This trend can be partially explained by the policies

and abatement efforts implemented in the last years by the Madrid City Council in the local traffic.

Groups 02 and 08 follow in importance, with emission shares of 18% and 25% in 2016. Emissions from

groups 03 and 09 make up a minor portion of the total, contributing with approximately 8% and 2% to

total NOX emissions, respectively. The remaining groups combined represent only 0.13% of emissions.

Figure 7. NOX emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

Figure 8 shows the relative change of NOX emissions for each SNAP group between 1999 and 2016.

Except for group 11 and group 08, the emissions in 2016 are lower than in 1999 mainly due to a

reduction in fuel consumption.

Figure 8. Evolution of NOX emissions by SNAP group compared to 1999 (1999 = 100)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 9

The emissions of group 11 slightly change between 1999 and 2016. However, emissions from group

08 are highly influenced by the activity of the airports. Consequently, the increase of activity of this

mode of transport in 2016 explains the increase of NOX emissions compared to those of 1999 (around

19%).

Table 7 and Figure 9 show the evolution of SO2 emissions from 1999 to 2016 in Madrid city. A significant

reduction in emissions over this period (80%) is observed, especially from groups 02 and 07, as a result

of a lower sulphur content in liquid fuels and the decreasing use of fuels with high-sulphur content (coal

and fuel oil).

Table 7. SO2 emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 2 653 441 46 0 0 1 136 200 4 0 0 4 481

2000 2 353 380 53 0 0 757 224 12 0 0 3 778

2001 2 034 284 46 0 0 562 237 6 0 0 3 169

2002 1 776 242 48 0 0 477 236 3 0 0 2 782

2003 1 691 210 52 0 0 476 243 3 0 0 2 676

2004 1 623 152 59 0 0 509 252 1 0 0 2 595

2005 1 577 149 58 0 0 89 260 1 0 0 2 134

2006 1 528 141 71 0 0 86 445 0 0 0 2 271

2007 1 451 121 70 0 0 80 430 0 0 0 2 153

2008 999 70 65 0 0 77 304 1 0 0 1 516

2009 929 66 34 0 0 15 279 1 0 0 1 324

2010 848 43 49 0 0 17 244 1 0 0 1 202

2011 800 34 40 0 0 15 243 1 0 0 1 133

2012 782 28 0 0 0 14 169 1 0 0 995

2013 763 24 0 0 0 14 152 1 0 0 953

2014 740 21 0 0 0 14 155 1 0 0 931

2015 714 21 0 0 0 15 167 1 0 0 918

2016 693 20 0 0 0 15 170 1 0 0 899


Figure 9. SO2 emissions trend by SNAP group (t)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 10

As for the contribution of each group to total SO2 emissions, Figure 10 clearly reflects that group 02 is

the main emitting sector, accounting for more than 59% of emissions (77% in 2016). Over the earlier

years of the inventoried period, group 07 had a relevant contribution to SO2 emissions. However, the

sharp decrease of sulphur content of automotive fuels explains the lower importance of this group from

2005 onwards. The decreasing emissions from the aforementioned groups along with the increased

consumption of kerosene and gas-oil accounted for the higher contribution of group 08 since 2006.

Figure 10. SO2 emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

Table 8 and Figure 11 present the NH3 emissions trend in Madrid city. In 2016, total emissions of

ammonia are 40% lower than in 1999. From 1999 to 2011, the NH3 emissions rose by 44%, mainly due

to the increase of NH3 emissions related to domestic waste composting. However, in 2012, part of the

municipal waste formerly composted is treated by biomethanation, resulting in a sharp decrease of

emissions. In 2016 returns composting activity in one of the plants. Despite the aforementioned, Figure

12 shows that group 09 is still the most important for this pollutant, accounting for 52% of emissions in

2016. Groups 11 and 07 contribute with 25% and 19% of emissions in 2016, respectively.

Table 8. NH3 emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 0 0 0 0 0.005 299 0.1 568 47 144 1 058

2000 0 0 0 0 0.005 305 0.1 742 44 144 1 235

2001 0 0 0 0 0.005 286 0.1 895 38 148 1 367

2002 0 0 0 0 0.005 309 0.1 875 38 151 1 373

2003 0 0 0 0 0.005 269 0.1 1 221 40 155 1 685

2004 0 0 0 0 0.005 261 0.1 1 181 34 155 1 631

2005 0 0 0 0 0.005 233 0.1 1 181 29 158 1 601

2006 0 0 0 0 0.006 195 0.5 1 438 30 156 1 820

2007 0 0 0 0 0.005 160 0.4 1 344 28 157 1 690

2008 0 0 0 0 0.006 147 0.4 1 337 24 161 1 669

2009 0 0 0 0 0.003 138 0.3 1 227 26 163 1 554

2010 0 0 0 0 0.002 148 0.2 1 259 29 164 1 600

2011 0 0 0 0 0.002 134 0.2 1 205 25 163 1 528

2012 0 0 0 0 0.002 126 0.3 657 26 162 971

2013 0 0 0 0 0.003 121 0.2 415 27 160 723

2014 0 0 0 0 0.004 122 0.2 334 26 158 641


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 11


2015 0 0 0 0 0.005 124 0.2 288 27 157 597

2016 0 0 0 0 0.005 119 0.3 333 27 158 638

(1) G_02: Non-industrial combustion; G_03: Combustion in manufacturing industry; G_04: Production processes; G_05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels; G_06: Solvent and other product use; G_07: Road transport; G_08: Non-road transport; G_09: Waste treatment and disposal; G_10: Agriculture; G_11: Other

sources and sinks (nature).

Figure 11. NH3 emissions trend by SNAP group (t)

Figure 12. NH3 emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

2.2.3 Ozone precursors

This section includes the emissions of NMVOC and CO. Although NOX are important precursors of

tropospheric ozone, their emissions were presented in the previous section (acidifying gases).

Table 9 and Figure 13 show the NMVOC emissions trend. From 1999 to 2016, total emissions

decreased by 59%. Especially relevant is the reduction of emissions from group 07, close to 87%. This


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 12

mainly has to do with the increasing implementation of measures to reduce NMVOC emissions at

vehicles themselves (on-board canisters in gasoline automobiles).

Table 9. NMVOC emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 885 140 1 040 1 392 24 606 17 155 166 7 30 2 390 47 812

2000 861 133 1 107 1 166 25 388 13 876 179 13 25 2 350 45 098

2001 829 121 1 156 1 067 24 288 11 652 186 12 20 2 418 41 748

2002 766 110 1 201 959 23 537 9 011 183 18 20 2 147 37 952

2003 816 106 1 276 821 22 798 7 551 185 93 22 2 445 36 113

2004 849 85 1 564 664 22 461 6 045 187 139 18 2 283 34 295

2005 856 79 1 561 544 21 362 4 901 188 151 17 2 402 32 061

2006 817 80 1 665 462 20 369 3 773 340 140 15 2 433 30 094

2007 826 81 1 812 424 20 050 2 970 301 105 12 2 241 28 821

2008 813 94 1 830 413 18 212 2 409 256 125 11 2 253 26 416

2009 789 78 1 723 412 15 932 2 193 226 119 13 2 673 24 157

2010 769 225 1 597 412 14 610 2 810 183 120 14 2 368 23 106

2011 736 205 1 674 396 13 853 2 623 181 114 12 2 530 22 323

2012 767 207 1 639 387 12 690 2 924 178 123 13 2 477 21 403

2013 776 199 1 641 375 12 167 2 843 150 98 14 2 412 20 675

2014 720 193 1 564 364 11 980 2 863 143 7 14 2 634 20 482

2015 702 218 1 524 347 12 127 2 606 160 6 14 2 632 20 337

2016 738 213 1 498 388 11 993 2 215 186 6 14 2 563 19 814

(1) G_02: Non-industrial combustion; G_03: Combustion in manufacturing industry; G_04: Production processes; G_05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels;

G_06: Solvent and other product use; G_07: Road transport; G_08: Non-road transport; G_09: Waste treatment and disposal; G_10: Agriculture; G_11: Other sources and sinks (nature).

Figure 13. NMVOC emissions trend by SNAP group (t)

A breakdown of NMVOC emissions by group is shown in Figure 14. The most important contributor is

group 06. In 2016, the share of this group was as high as 60%, even though emissions in this sector

have been reduced by 48% from 1999. Groups 07 and 11 accounted for 11% and 13% of emissions,

respectively. The rest of groups present a less significant contribution.


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 13

Figure 14. NMVOC emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

Regarding CO, Table 10 and Figure 15 show a sharp decrease of emissions from 1999 to 2016 (90%).

According to Figure 16, most of the emissions were generated by group 07 in the early years of the

period. However, the relevant reduction of emissions from “Road transport” over the last years

increased the share of other activity groups in 2016, such as 02 and 08. Such a relevant reduction is

mainly due to the progressive turnover of the fleet (engine technologies Euro V-VI produce much lower

CO emissions per kilometer than older technologies) and the replacement of gasoline vehicles with

diesel vehicles.

Table 10. CO emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 4 236 337 3 549 0 0 90 204 2 658 52 45.6 4.2 101 086

2000 3 975 351 4 095 0 0 74 794 2 749 85 14.1 12.3 86 075

2001 3 594 344 3 538 0 0 61 211 2 711 67 4.3 10.6 71 481

2002 3 160 318 3 714 0 0 53 345 2 583 64 5.2 9.9 63 200

2003 3 116 312 4 011 0 0 41 641 2 465 529 4.1 10.2 52 089

2004 3 097 280 4 503 0 0 35 745 2 517 961 0.5 9.2 47 114

2005 3 020 250 4 470 0 0 27 920 2 534 986 0.5 4.8 39 186

2006 2 902 258 5 458 0 0 21 423 3 007 944 0.6 6.7 33 999

2007 2 835 265 5 413 0 0 17 355 2 995 761 0.5 2.8 29 628

2008 2 692 353 4 968 0 0 14 283 2 758 835 0.5 2.1 25 891

2009 2 535 295 2 618 0 0 12 438 2 528 808 0.3 2.0 21 224

2010 2 381 1 090 3 745 0 0 8 432 2 361 898 0.4 0.6 18 908

2011 2 269 992 3 058 0 0 6 725 2 369 915 0.4 2.4 16 330

2012 2 307 1 011 0 0 0 6 536 2 108 761 0.4 9.4 12 733

2013 2 307 955 0 0 0 6 330 1 855 734 0.5 7.1 12 188

2014 2 182 923 0 0 0 6 234 1 866 256 0.3 2.3 11 464

2015 2 115 1 058 0 0 0 5 604 2 033 276 0.3 3.4 11 089

2016 2 166 1 018 0 0 0 4 840 2 159 247 0.3 2.5 10 434



EMISSIONS 2015


Page 14

Figure 15. CO emissions trend by SNAP group (t)

Figure 16. CO emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

2.2.4 Particulate matter

Table 11 to Table 13 and Figure 17 to Figure 19 show the PM2.5, PM10 and TPM emissions of Madrid

city.

Total emissions of particulate matter have decreased from 1999 to 2016 by 60%, 56% and 51% for

PM2.5, PM10 and TPM, respectively in Madrid city. It can be seen that groups 07 and 02 presented the

largest contribution to total emissions.


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 15

Table 11. PM2.5 emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 602 60 8 0 0 1 133 49 26 4.5 0 1 882

2000 539 54 9 0 0 1 111 52 33 1.9 1 1 801

2001 469 47 8 0 0 1 054 52 11 1.1 1 1 643

2002 411 44 9 0 0 1 050 51 10 1.2 1 1 577

2003 395 39 9 0 0 997 49 20 1.2 1 1 511

2004 381 24 10 0 0 1 011 50 41 0.8 1 1 519

2005 371 23 10 0 0 969 49 33 0.7 0 1 456

2006 360 26 12 0 0 892 141 25 0.7 1 1 458

2007 348 25 12 0 0 801 109 25 0.7 0 1 321

2008 327 18 11 0 0 744 85 22 0.7 0 1 209

2009 315 16 6 0 0 688 71 20 0.7 0 1 117

2010 307 12 9 0 0 590 46 21 0.7 0 984

2011 297 9 7 0 0 496 46 21 0.7 0 878

2012 295 7 1 0 0 450 52 15 0.7 1 822

2013 292 5 1 0 0 433 40 25 0.7 1 796

2014 284 5 1 0 0 428 34 23 0.7 0 775

2015 276 5 1 0 0 415 41 25 0.7 0 764

2016 272 5 1 0 0 390 56 23 0.7 0 748


Table 12. PM10 emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 627 63 15 0 0 1 297 49 26 8.3 0 2 086

2000 562 58 16 0 0 1 278 52 33 5.5 1 2 005

2001 490 50 15 0 0 1 225 52 11 4.6 1 1 847

2002 428 47 15 0 0 1 230 51 10 4.7 1 1 787

2003 411 41 16 0 0 1 175 50 20 4.9 1 1 718

2004 397 24 18 0 0 1 196 50 41 4.3 1 1 730

2005 385 23 16 0 0 1 155 49 33 4.2 0 1 666

2006 374 26 18 0 0 1 073 141 25 4.1 1 1 663

2007 361 25 21 0 0 973 109 25 4.2 0 1 519

2008 339 18 19 0 0 910 85 22 4.2 0 1 399

2009 325 16 14 0 0 849 71 20 4.1 0 1 299

2010 316 12 15 0 0 752 46 21 4.1 0 1 166

2011 306 9 13 0 0 653 46 21 4.1 0 1 054

2012 304 7 4 0 0 601 52 16 4.1 1 988

2013 300 5 4 0 0 577 40 25 4.1 1 955

2014 293 5 5 0 0 572 35 23 4.1 0 936

2015 285 5 4 0 0 566 41 25 4.1 0 929

2016 280 5 6 0 0 547 57 23 4.1 0 921

(1) G_02: Non-industrial combustion; G_03: Combustion in manufacturing industry; G_04: Production processes; G_05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels;

G_06: Solvent and other product use; G_07: Road transport; G_08: Non-road transport; G_09: Waste treatment and disposal; G_10: Agriculture; G_11: Other sources and sinks (nature).


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 16

Table 13. TPM emissions by SNAP group (t)1


1999 647 71 50 0 0 1 509 50 26 13 1 2 366

2000 580 64 52 0 0 1 495 53 33 10 2 2 289

2001 506 55 48 0 0 1 445 53 11 8 2 2 128

2002 442 52 49 0 0 1 464 52 10 8 2 2 078

2003 423 45 49 0 0 1 405 51 20 9 2 2 003

2004 408 24 54 0 0 1 435 51 41 8 2 2 023

2005 397 23 44 0 0 1 399 50 33 7 1 1 953

2006 385 26 45 0 0 1 308 142 26 7 1 1 939

2007 371 25 65 0 0 1 194 110 25 7 0 1 797

2008 348 18 60 0 0 1 124 86 22 6 0 1 666

2009 334 16 50 0 0 1 056 72 20 6 0 1 555

2010 324 12 44 0 0 956 47 21 7 0 1 411

2011 314 9 43 0 0 848 46 22 6 0 1 290

2012 312 7 21 0 0 789 53 16 6 2 1 205

2013 308 5 19 0 0 757 40 25 7 1 1 162

2014 301 5 26 0 0 754 35 23 6 0 1 150

2015 292 5 20 0 0 758 41 25 7 1 1 148

2016 288 5 35 0 0 747 57 23 7 0 1 163


Figure 17. PM2.5 emissions trend by SNAP group (t)


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 17

Figure 18. PM10 emissions trend by SNAP group (t)

Figure 19. TPM emissions trend by SNAP group (t)

Because of its higher impact on human health, the following analysis will be focused on PM2.5 emissions.

Figure 20 shows the relative contribution of each activity group to PM2.5 emissions in Madrid. “Road

transport” is the most emitting sector, accounting for 52% of total emissions in 2016. It can be seen that

the PM2.5 emissions of group 02 represent 36% of total emissions in 2016, even though its emissions

decreased since 1999. As for the rest of groups, only SNAP 08 presented a contribution of 7% in 2016,

being the others irrelevant.


EMISSIONS 2015


Page 18

Figure 20. PM2.5 emissions breakdown by SNAP group (%)

inventory of madrid city air pollutant emissions 2016 ...€¦ · emissions from “waste treatment...

Documents