investigation 1: swingers part one exploring swingers
TRANSCRIPT
Investigation 1: Swingers
Part OneEXPLORING SWINGERS
How to Build a SwingerFor each group (pair)
• 1 50 cm string• 1 Paper clip• 1 Penny• 1 Pencil• 1 Meter tape per table
For the class
• Masking tape• How to Build a Swinger sheet
What did we just make?
What could we do with a system like this?
How many times do you think your swinger will swing in 15 seconds?
How can you find out?
Exploring PendulumsQuestion- How many times do you think your pendulum will swing in 15 seconds?
Prediction- I think my pendulum will swing ____ times in 15 seconds.
Results
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average
I will be the timer you will be the counters. I will say Go and you will count silently to yourself until I say stop.
Anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome is called a VARIABLE.
Vocabulary
Pendulum – a mass hanging from a fixed point that is free to swing to and fro.
Cycle – any motion or activity that repeats itself.
Variable – anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome.
Content/Inquiry Chart
Teacher Says: “Write these questions in your notebook. Work with your lab partner to answer the questions.”
• What is a variable?• What is a pendulum and where have you seen one?
• What variables might affect the number of cycles the pendulum makes in 15 seconds?
Content/Inquiry Chart Answers
• A variable is anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome.
• A mass hanging from a fixed point that is free to swing to and fro is called a pendulum.
• You might find a pendulum in an old clock, on a playground swing, or in a metronome.
• Mass, length, and angle of release might affect the number of cycles that a pendulum makes in 15 seconds.
Science Stories(Independent Work)
• Read and discuss What Do Scientists Do?
Investigation 1: Swingers
Part TwoTESTING VARIABLES
Standard Pendulum
• Review the variables that they thought might affect the number of swings of a pendulum. Look at notebook entry from previous lesson.
• Review the setup for the pendulum: 38 cm long, one penny released straight out to the side for 15 seconds. This is called a standard pendulum system.
What is an experiment?
• An experiment is an investigation designed to find out how variables affect outcomes.
• An experiment in which one variable is changed and the outcome is compared to a standard is a controlled experiment.
Test the Variables of
• Mass• Angle of Release• Length of String
Is there a relationship between the length of the pendulum and the
number of swings a pendulum makes in 15 seconds?
• The longer the pendulum, the ____the swings.
• The shorter the pendulum, the _____the swings.
• The greater the number of swings, the _____the pendulum.
• The fewer the number of swings, the _____ the pendulum.
Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”
Content/Inquiry Chart
• Which variables made no difference in the number of swings?
• Which variable did make a difference in the number of swings?
• What variables might affect the number of cycles the pendulum makes in 15 seconds?
Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”
• Mass and release position made no difference in the number of swings.
• Length made a difference in the number of swings.
• As the length of the pendulum increases, the number of swings decreases.
• As the length of the pendulum decreases, the number of swings increases.
Content/Inquiry Chart Answers
Investigation 1: Swingers
Part ThreePredicting Swings
Let’s Create a Two-Coordinate Graph
We have now created 3 different types of graphs-
How are they different?How are they the same?
Why is the picture graph useful?What is the benefit of using a
two coordinate graph?
Investigation 2: Lifeboats
Part One EXPLORING BOATS
What are lifeboats and what are they used for?
How to Build a BoatFor each group (pair)
• 1 Cup• 2 Books• 1 Pencil or Pen• 1 Meter tape per table
• 1 Pair of Scissors• Boat Building Sheet
For the table
1 Cup of Pennies (1983 or newer)
Water in Tubs
Sponge/Paper Towels
How many passengers can your lifeboat hold before it
sinks?
Exploring BoatsThe greatest number of pennies that our boat held was____.
List the variables that might affect the # of passengers supported in a boat:
Capacity of Boat 1____ mlCapacity of Boat 2____ ml
Let’s Construct Four New Boats
1st- All boats should be no shorter than 2cm and no taller than 4cm from base to top.
2nd- Find the capacity of each new boat.
3rd- Write the name and capacity of each boat on the side with a permanent marker.
Content/Inquiry Chart
• What variables might affect the number of passengers (pennies) a paper-cup boat can hold?
• What is capacity?
Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”
• The number of passengers a boat can hold is affected by variables such as placement, water movement, and boat size.
• The greatest amount of fluid a container can hold.
Content/Inquiry Chart Answers
Investigation 2: Lifeboats
Part Two Lifeboat Inspection
Controlled Experiments-
• In a controlled experiment all the variables are kept constant except one, so that the experimenter can observe the effect of that one variable on the outcome. Today we are trying to find out how the capacity of the boat affects the number of passengers the lifeboat can hold.
Place pennies gently.
Place pennies evenly.
Don’t shake the basins.
Dry the pennies in between trials.
Content/Inquiry Chart
• What can you tell about the capacity of boats and the number of passengers a boat will hold? Is there a relationship?
• What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?
Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”
• The bigger the boat, the more passengers it will support. The greater the capacity, the more passengers the boat will hold.
• The independent variable is the variable you know before the experiment, what you are changing, plotted on the x axis. The dependent variable is what you find out by doing the experiment, and is plotted on the y axis.
Content/Inquiry Chart Answers
Investigation 2: Lifeboats
Part Two Inspecting Other Boats
• Which boat held the greatest number of passengers?
• What variables make it possible for a boat to hold lots of passengers?
• What variables did you have to control?• What is the relationship between capacity of the boat and the number of passengers it can hold?
• If you had a new boat, could you use your graph to predict how many passengers it could hold?
Reviewing Variables
QuestionWhat will happen to the coke and diet coke if we place them water?
QuestionWhat will happen to the coke and diet coke if we place them water?
Let’s explore the difference of mass in the cokes…
39 grams of sugar
0 grams of sugar
Investigation 3: Plane Sense
Part One
Exploring Flight
How to Build a FOSS Plane
For each group
• 1 FOSS Plane Construction Sheet
• 1 Jumbo Straw• 1 Super Jumbo Straw• 1 Propeller• 1 Hook• 1 Rubber Band• 1 Piece of Sandpaper• 2 Craft sticks• 1 Pair of Scissors
To be used in the Materials Station
Hole PunchesStaplers
A System
The FOSS plane flies along a piece of fishing line called a flight line. The FOSS plane and the flight line together are called the FOSS plane system. A system is a set of objects that is working together. It is often possible to study the parts of a system one at a time to find out how they affect the whole system.
Conduct Test Flights
Materials Needed:
4 m Fishing line
Duct tape
2 Chairs
1 Ziplock BagIf you had a piece of fishing line, could you get your plane to fly the entire length of the line?
Investigation 3: Plane Sense
Part Two
Investigating Variables
Challenge
Get your FOSS Plane to fly.
Fly your plane the entire length of the line.
Figure out the minimum number of winds needed to fly your plane the entire length of the line.
FLIGHT LOG
Complete Part 1-3
Variables-
mass rubber bands slope of the line tension of the line propeller changes lubricants
Plane ExperimentsQuestion- How will changing the ______ affect the flight of our plane?
Hypothesis- If we ______ then I think_______ because_________________.
Independent Variable-Dependent Variable-Constants-
Results- (Make a chart)
Conclusion: