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Page 1: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 2: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 1: Swingers

Part OneEXPLORING SWINGERS

Page 3: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

How to Build a SwingerFor each group (pair)

• 1 50 cm string• 1 Paper clip• 1 Penny• 1 Pencil• 1 Meter tape per table

For the class

• Masking tape• How to Build a Swinger sheet

Page 4: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 5: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

What did we just make?

What could we do with a system like this?

How many times do you think your swinger will swing in 15 seconds?

How can you find out?

Page 6: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Exploring PendulumsQuestion- How many times do you think your pendulum will swing in 15 seconds?

Prediction- I think my pendulum will swing ____ times in 15 seconds.

Results

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

Page 7: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

I will be the timer you will be the counters. I will say Go and you will count silently to yourself until I say stop.

Page 8: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome is called a VARIABLE.

Page 9: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Vocabulary

Pendulum – a mass hanging from a fixed point that is free to swing to and fro.

Cycle – any motion or activity that repeats itself.

Variable – anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome.

Page 10: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Content/Inquiry Chart

Teacher Says: “Write these questions in your notebook. Work with your lab partner to answer the questions.”

• What is a variable?• What is a pendulum and where have you seen one?

• What variables might affect the number of cycles the pendulum makes in 15 seconds?

Page 11: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Content/Inquiry Chart Answers

• A variable is anything that you can change in an experiment that might affect the outcome.

• A mass hanging from a fixed point that is free to swing to and fro is called a pendulum.

• You might find a pendulum in an old clock, on a playground swing, or in a metronome.

• Mass, length, and angle of release might affect the number of cycles that a pendulum makes in 15 seconds.

Page 12: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Science Stories(Independent Work)

• Read and discuss What Do Scientists Do?

Page 13: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 1: Swingers

Part TwoTESTING VARIABLES

Page 14: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Standard Pendulum

• Review the variables that they thought might affect the number of swings of a pendulum. Look at notebook entry from previous lesson.

• Review the setup for the pendulum: 38 cm long, one penny released straight out to the side for 15 seconds. This is called a standard pendulum system.

Page 15: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

What is an experiment?

• An experiment is an investigation designed to find out how variables affect outcomes.

• An experiment in which one variable is changed and the outcome is compared to a standard is a controlled experiment.

Page 16: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Test the Variables of

• Mass• Angle of Release• Length of String

Page 17: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Is there a relationship between the length of the pendulum and the

number of swings a pendulum makes in 15 seconds?

• The longer the pendulum, the ____the swings.

• The shorter the pendulum, the _____the swings.

• The greater the number of swings, the _____the pendulum.

• The fewer the number of swings, the _____ the pendulum.

Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”

Page 18: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 19: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Content/Inquiry Chart

• Which variables made no difference in the number of swings?

• Which variable did make a difference in the number of swings?

• What variables might affect the number of cycles the pendulum makes in 15 seconds?

Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”

Page 20: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

• Mass and release position made no difference in the number of swings.

• Length made a difference in the number of swings.

• As the length of the pendulum increases, the number of swings decreases.

• As the length of the pendulum decreases, the number of swings increases.

Content/Inquiry Chart Answers

Page 21: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 1: Swingers

Part ThreePredicting Swings

Page 22: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Let’s Create a Two-Coordinate Graph

We have now created 3 different types of graphs-

How are they different?How are they the same?

Why is the picture graph useful?What is the benefit of using a

two coordinate graph?

Page 23: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 2: Lifeboats

Part One EXPLORING BOATS

Page 24: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

What are lifeboats and what are they used for?

Page 25: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

How to Build a BoatFor each group (pair)

• 1 Cup• 2 Books• 1 Pencil or Pen• 1 Meter tape per table

• 1 Pair of Scissors• Boat Building Sheet

For the table

1 Cup of Pennies (1983 or newer)

Water in Tubs

Sponge/Paper Towels

Page 26: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

How many passengers can your lifeboat hold before it

sinks?

Page 27: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Exploring BoatsThe greatest number of pennies that our boat held was____.

List the variables that might affect the # of passengers supported in a boat:

Capacity of Boat 1____ mlCapacity of Boat 2____ ml

Page 28: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Let’s Construct Four New Boats

1st- All boats should be no shorter than 2cm and no taller than 4cm from base to top.

2nd- Find the capacity of each new boat.

3rd- Write the name and capacity of each boat on the side with a permanent marker.

Page 29: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Content/Inquiry Chart

• What variables might affect the number of passengers (pennies) a paper-cup boat can hold?

• What is capacity?

Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”

Page 30: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

• The number of passengers a boat can hold is affected by variables such as placement, water movement, and boat size.

• The greatest amount of fluid a container can hold.

Content/Inquiry Chart Answers

Page 31: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 2: Lifeboats

Part Two Lifeboat Inspection

Page 32: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Controlled Experiments-

• In a controlled experiment all the variables are kept constant except one, so that the experimenter can observe the effect of that one variable on the outcome. Today we are trying to find out how the capacity of the boat affects the number of passengers the lifeboat can hold.

Page 33: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Place pennies gently.

Place pennies evenly.

Don’t shake the basins.

Dry the pennies in between trials.

Page 34: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Content/Inquiry Chart

• What can you tell about the capacity of boats and the number of passengers a boat will hold? Is there a relationship?

• What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?

Teacher says: “Write this question in your notebook and work with your group to complete the responses.”

Page 35: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

• The bigger the boat, the more passengers it will support. The greater the capacity, the more passengers the boat will hold.

• The independent variable is the variable you know before the experiment, what you are changing, plotted on the x axis. The dependent variable is what you find out by doing the experiment, and is plotted on the y axis.

Content/Inquiry Chart Answers

Page 36: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 2: Lifeboats

Part Two Inspecting Other Boats

Page 37: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

• Which boat held the greatest number of passengers?

• What variables make it possible for a boat to hold lots of passengers?

• What variables did you have to control?• What is the relationship between capacity of the boat and the number of passengers it can hold?

• If you had a new boat, could you use your graph to predict how many passengers it could hold?

Reviewing Variables

Page 38: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 39: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

QuestionWhat will happen to the coke and diet coke if we place them water?

QuestionWhat will happen to the coke and diet coke if we place them water?

Page 40: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 41: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Let’s explore the difference of mass in the cokes…

39 grams of sugar

0 grams of sugar

Page 42: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS
Page 43: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 3: Plane Sense

Part One

Exploring Flight

Page 44: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

How to Build a FOSS Plane

For each group

• 1 FOSS Plane Construction Sheet

• 1 Jumbo Straw• 1 Super Jumbo Straw• 1 Propeller• 1 Hook• 1 Rubber Band• 1 Piece of Sandpaper• 2 Craft sticks• 1 Pair of Scissors

To be used in the Materials Station

Hole PunchesStaplers

Page 45: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

A System

The FOSS plane flies along a piece of fishing line called a flight line. The FOSS plane and the flight line together are called the FOSS plane system. A system is a set of objects that is working together. It is often possible to study the parts of a system one at a time to find out how they affect the whole system.

Page 46: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Conduct Test Flights

Materials Needed:

4 m Fishing line

Duct tape

2 Chairs

1 Ziplock BagIf you had a piece of fishing line, could you get your plane to fly the entire length of the line?

Page 47: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Investigation 3: Plane Sense

Part Two

Investigating Variables

Page 48: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Challenge

Get your FOSS Plane to fly.

Fly your plane the entire length of the line.

Figure out the minimum number of winds needed to fly your plane the entire length of the line.

Page 49: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

FLIGHT LOG

Complete Part 1-3

Variables-

mass rubber bands slope of the line tension of the line propeller changes lubricants

Page 50: Investigation 1: Swingers Part One EXPLORING SWINGERS

Plane ExperimentsQuestion- How will changing the ______ affect the flight of our plane?

Hypothesis- If we ______ then I think_______ because_________________.

Independent Variable-Dependent Variable-Constants-

Results- (Make a chart)

Conclusion: