Ionic Compounds

• Electrons transferred

• Metals with non-metals

• Solid at room temperature

• Form lattice structures

• Dissociate to form conductive solutions

Rules for Naming Ionic Compounds

1.State the name of the metal –Ex. NaCl sodium

2. State the name of the non-metal or polyatomic ion-ex. NaCl sodium chloride

* Do not capitalize

Binary Compound (Metal/Nonmetal) with Fixed Charge Cation

*Write the name of the following formula: H2S

• Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = hydrogen.

• Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is sulf-) plus the ending "-ide." Result of this step = sulfide.

Examples

1) MgS- magnesium sulfide2) KBr- potassium bromide

3) Ba3N2

- barium nitride

4) Al2O3

- aluminum oxide 5) NaI- sodium iodide

6) SrF2

- strontium fluoride

7) Li2S- lithium sulfide

8) RaCl2

- radium chloride 9) CaO- calcium oxide 10) AlP- aluminum phosphide

Binary Compound (Metal/Nonmetal) with Variable Charge Cation: Stock System

*Write the formula from the following name: sodium bromide

• Write down the symbol and charge of the first word. Result = Na+

• Write down the symbol and charge of the second word. Result = Br¯

• Use the minimum number of cations and anions needed to make the sum of all charges in the formula equal zero. In this case, only one Na+ and one Br¯ are required.

• The resulting formula is NaBr.

Examples

• Write the correct formula for:1) magnesium oxide- MgO2) lithium bromide- LiBr 3) calcium nitride- Ca3N2 4) aluminum sulfide- Al2S3

5) potassium iodide- KI

6) strontium chloride

- SrCl2 7) sodium sulfide

- Na2S 8) radium bromide

- RaBr2 9) magnesium sulfide- MgS 10) aluminum nitride- AlN

Molecular Compounds

• Electrons shared

• Non-metals with non-metals

• Solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature

• Do not form conductive solutions

Rules for Naming Molecular Compounds

1.State the name of the first non-metal using the correct greek prefix (except mono)

-P2O5 _ diphosphorous

2. State the name of the second non-metal using the correct greek prefix- P2O5 diphosphorous pentoxide

Greek Number Prefixes

one mono- six hexa-two di- seven hepta-threetri- eight octa-four tetra- nine nona- five penta- ten deca-

ExamplesWrite the correct name for:

1) As4O10

tetrarsenic decoxide

2) BrO3

bromine trioxide 3) BNboron nitride

4) N2O3

dinitrogen trioxide

5) NI3

nitrogen triiodide

6) SF6

sulfur hexafluoride

7) XeF4

xenon tetrafluoride

8) PCl3

phosphorous trichloride

9) CO

carbon monoxide

10) PCl5

phosphorous pentachloride

Molecular Nomenclature Exceptions

1. hydrogen compounds-name like ionic compounds ex. HBr = hydrogen bromide

2. Organic compounds-special naming procedures – another unit!

3. Other-common names like water, molecular

elements like Cl2

Acids

• Hydrogen compounds in aqueous solutions

• Form conductive solutions

• Turns litmus red

Rules for Naming Non-oxyacids

1. State hydro

-ex. HCl(aq) hydro

2. State the name of the non-metal with “ic” on the end

-ex HCl(aq) hydrochloric acid

Rules for Naming Oxyacids

1. State the name of the polyatomic ion adding “ic” on the end or “ous” on the end

If the polyatomic ion ends in “ate” add “ic”

If the polyatomic ion ends in “ite” add “ous”

-ex. H2SO4(aq) sulfuric acid

-ex. H2SO3(aq) sulfurous acid