iot.schema.orgPracticalSemanticInteroperabilityforConnectedThings

or- AvoidingtheXKCD927Effect

MichaelKoster

Thisismostlyinformational

• Whatproblemisbeingsolved?• Whatisiot.schema.org ?• Howdoesiot.schema.org work?• Whoisiot.schema.org for?• Howisiot.schema.org intendedtobeused?• Whatisthestatus,thegaps?• HowdoIgetinvolved?

ThisistheProblembeingsolved:

Source:https://xkcd.com/927/

Background

• IoTSI - IoT SemanticInteroperabilityWorkshop• WISHI– WorkonIoT SemanticandHypermediai15• Manydifferentmodelsandprotocolsforacommonsetofhighlevelpatterns• SemanticNormalizationvs.ProtocolTranslation• Diversityindeviceprotocolsisafeature

Problembeingsolved– SemanticInteroperabilityforIoT• AcknowledgethediversityofIoT deviceecosystems• Notanotherdevicestandard• Adaptivetodiverseprotocol,language,anddatamodels• Distillthecommonandstableoperationalfeatures• Second"narrowwaist"forsystemsaboveIPnetworks

• AddresstheeaseofuseofSemanticWebforIoTanduseofIoT forSemanticWeb• NotanotherIoT ontology• Aconceptuallayerthatmodelsconnectedthingsinrelationtoexistingontologies

NarrowWaistinSystemDesign

OCF dotdot LWM2MFairhair

IPNetworksLAN/WAN(WiFi,

Thread)

SemanticInteroperability(SoftwareAdaptation)

App AppAppApp ManyApplications.LocalandRemote

ManyDevices,DifferentEcosystems

CommonInfrastructure(Protocols,Formats,andMetaModels)

InternetofThings

WebofThings

DiverseDevicesandApplications,CommonProtocolsandSemantics

Transport UDP/TCP

Protocols,Formats IETFCoAP,CBOR,Link-Format

DeviceEcosystems OCF,OMA,Zigbee,Fairhair

Networks WiFi,IPV6,Bluetooth

ProtocolBinding

ThingDescription

SemanticVocab

W3CThingDescription

iot.schema.org

InternetofThingsNarrowWaistofProtocols

WebofThingsNarrowWaistofSemantics

Applications InteroperableApplicationsDiverseApplications

DiverseDevices

Whatisiot.schema.org• AlayertobridgebetweendeviceecosystemsandSemanticWebtechnology,consistingof• Publiclyavailable,reusable,interoperable,andcompose-abledefinitionsforconnectedthings• Propertyandrelationtypestoenablereuseofexistingontologiesanddefinitions• SSN,SOSA,SAREF,QUDT• Propertytypesfore.g.FeatureofInterest

• FollowtheexampleandalignwithSchema.org• Extendtheschema.org patterns• Communitycontributionsandopenlicense

iot.schema.org Definitions

• Semanticdefinitionsthatfollowthedesignpatternsandinteractionaffordancesofconnectedthongs• Interoperableduetoasetofstaticanddynamicsemanticconstraints• Definea"Capability"thatrepresents– typically–thesmallestpracticalcompose-ableunitoffunctionality• Forexample,atemperaturesensor,oradoorlock

iot.schema.org Capabilities

• Abstractfunctionalityaroundasimplefunctionalconcept,e.g.temperaturesensor,ordoorlock• Oftenassociatedwithaclassofphysicalquantityorartifact,e.g."temperature"or"door"• CapabilitiesareassociatedwithInteractionsandDataItemsintheiot.schema.org conceptualmodel• TheInteractionsandDataItemsarethebasisforprotocolanddata-modelneutraldefinitions

iot.schema.org Categories/Classes

schema:thing

Capability InteractionPattern

Action Event Property

acceptsInputDataprovidesOutputData

providesInteractionPattern

rdfs:subclassOf

schema:Property

iotschemaClass

ReusedClass

DataItem

schema:PropertyValue

schema:PropertyValueSpec.

iot.schema.org Categories• Capability• Discoveryofthingsthatsatisfyapplicationrequirements• Staticconstraintsaspartofthedefinition

• Interaction• Adaptationoftheapplicationtotheaffordancesoftheconnectedthing• Staticconstraintwithcompose-ableelements

• DataItem• Adaptationoftheapplicationtothedataformat,types,engineeringunits,rangeandscale• Staticordynamicconstraints

iot.schema.org ConceptualIntegrationwithotherontologies

• FeatureofInterestconceptsandpropertytypestodescribelocation,equipment,orotherclassifiers• Forexample,BrickSchema definitionsfromHaystack• QuantityandUnitsconstraintscanuseQUDTconceptsandappropriateidentifiers• SSN,SOSA,SAREFconceptscanextendadefinition• DefinitionsandinstancesmaybeannotatedinRDF

IntegrationwithotherOntologies

iot.schema.orgDefinition

FeatureofInterest,O&MSituation,Provenance

Quantities,Units,Shapes,PropertyValueConstraint

SoftwareAffordances

EnablesWell-CharacterizedinteractionswithPhysicalEntities

Connectthingstotherealworld

DoorLock

Door

DoorLock Capability- ActuateLock Interaction- ActuateUnlock Interaction- GetState Interaction->LockState Data

isAssociatedWith

- IsAFrontDoor- OpensToOutside- IsASecurityDoor

"LockSecurityDoorsandCheck"Action

iot.schema.org

otherontologies

FeatureofInterestProperties

iot.schema.org SpecificUseCases• Semanticannotationofthinganddatainstances• RDFinstances,LDP,etc.• WoT WebofThingsThingDescription• HTMLWebpageusingmicroformats orJSON-LDin<script>tag• Targetattributesinweblinks(RFC8288et.al.)• Metadataforad-hocannotationastype

• SelectiveSemanticDiscoveryusingYFQL• AutomaticconfigurationofIoT applications,rules,andbehaviors• Standalonesemanticsfordataanalysis,dataatrest

ExtendeduseCasesareenabled

• DeclarativeSemanticAPIusingthemeta-interactionmodeldirectly• Abstractconstructorlanguageforbuildingandcomposinginstancesofexposedthings• OCF,OMALWM2M/IPSO,Zigbee/dotdot,BLE• C2CAPImanagement(OpenAPI +SemanticAnnotation)• HAL,Hydra,JSON-Hyperschema,..

• Interoperabledefinitionsfororchestrations:rules,behaviors,scenes,andenumerations

W3CWoT ThingDescription• SemanticannotationforThingDescriptioninstances• DescribesThings usingCapability identifiers• DescribesTDEvents,Actions,andProperties usingInteraction identifiers• DescribesDataSchema instancesusingDataItemidentifiersandconstraintsystems• ThingDescriptioncontainsconcreteProtocolBindingsforspecifictransferlayeroperations

Status• MonthlyTeleconferencessincemid-2017• ExamplesofDefinitionsinaGithub repository• FoI annotationexamplesarealsointherepo• PrototypestestedatW3CWebofThingsPlugfestsandWISHI/IETFHackathonsfrommid2017• Somecontributorsarereadytobeginsubmitttingdefinitions• Weneedtobuildoutsometoolsandprocesses• W3CCommunityGroupwithWebofThings

References

• iot.schema.org• https://github.com/iot-schema-collab/teleconferences/blob/master/README.md• https://github.com/iot-schema-collab/intro-materials• https://github.com/iot-schema-collab/teleconferences

• W3CWebofThingsIG/WG• https://www.w3.org/WoT/WG/

ThankYou!

• Questions?