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  • IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
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• IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation – An IP address is 32 bits in size – Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets – Octets are separated by decimal points – Valid octet numbers range from 0 to 255 and represent a binary number

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Page 1: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

• IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation– An IP address is 32 bits in size– Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit

octets– Octets are separated by decimal points– Valid octet numbers range from 0 to 255 and

represent a binary number

Page 2: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 3: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

• IP Addressing (cont.)– Each address consists of two parts: network id and host

id

– The network portion of an address indicates whether the device belongs to a Class A, B, C, D, or E network

– Some octet numbers are reserved for special functions

• Dotted decimal notation– “Shorthand” convention used to represent IP addresses

and make them more easily readable by people

Page 4: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 5: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 6: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

Network Mask• Network id – bits in IP address that match the 1’s in

the network mask• Host id – bits in IP address that match the 0’s in the

network mask• Broadcast address – Network id and all 1’s for host

id• Lowest IP address in network – Network id plus 1• Highest IP address in network – Broadcast address

minus 1• Number of addresses in network is 2n – 2 where n is

number of bits in host id

Page 7: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

Network Mask

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

255.255.255.0

Network ID Host ID

Page 8: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 9: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 10: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 11: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host ID 165.200broadcast address highest address in subnet lowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 12: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host ID 165.200broadcast address 131.123.255.255highest address in subnet lowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 13: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host ID 165.200broadcast address 131.123.255.255highest address in subnet 131.123.255.254lowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 14: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host ID 165.200broadcast address 131.123.255.255highest address in subnet 131.123.255.254lowest address in subnet 131.123.0.1

number of addresses in subnet

Page 15: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.0.0 Network ID 131.123Host ID 165.200broadcast address 131.123.255.255highest address in subnet 131.123.255.254lowest address in subnet 131.123.0.1

number of addresses in subnet 65,534

Page 16: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 17: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 18: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host ID 200broadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 19: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host ID 200broadcast address 131.123.165.255highest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 20: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host ID 200broadcast address 131.123.165.255highest address in subnet 131.123.165.254lowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 21: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host ID 200broadcast address 131.123.165.255highest address in subnet 131.123.165.254lowest address in subnet 131.123.165.1

number of addresses in subnet

Page 22: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.0 Network ID 131.123.165Host ID 200broadcast address 131.123.165.255highest address in subnet 131.123.165.254lowest address in subnet 131.123.165.1

number of addresses in subnet254

Page 23: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 24: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by
Page 25: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

CIDR – Classless Inter-Domain Routing

• Notation - net-address/n where n=number of bits in network-id

• Alternative to “mask” notation

• E.g. 131.123.8.0/24 same as 131.123.8.0 with netmask 255.255.255.0

• 131.123/16 Kent State Univ. Network

• 131.123.8./22 College of Business

Page 26: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0 Network ID Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 27: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0254 = 11111110165 = 10100101 Network ID 131.123.10100100.0 131.123.164.0

Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 28: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0254 = 11111110165 = 10100101 Network ID 131.123.10100100.0 131.123.164.0

Host ID 0.0.00000001.200 0.0.1.200

broadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 29: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0254 = 11111110165 = 10100101 broadcast address 131.123.10100101.255131.123.165.255

highest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 30: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0254 = 11111110165 = 10100101 broadcast address 131.123.10100101.255131.123.165.255highest address in subnet131.123.165.254lowest address in subnet131.123.164.1

number of addresses in subnet

Page 31: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.254.0254 = 11111110165 = 10100101 

number of addresses in subnet

29-2 = 512-2 = 510

Page 32: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128 Network ID Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 33: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

128 = 10000000200 = 11001000 Network ID Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 34: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

128 = 10000000200 = 11001000 Network ID 131.123.165.10000000 131.123.165.128Host IDbroadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 35: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

128 = 10000000200 = 11001000 Network ID 131.123.165.10000000 131.123.165.128

CIDR notation 131.123.165.128/25

Page 36: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

128 = 10000000200 = 11001000 Network ID 131.123.165.10000000 131.123.165.128Host ID 0.0.0.01001000 0.0.0.72broadcast addresshighest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 37: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

128 = 10000000200 = 11001000 Network ID 131.123.165.10000000 131.123.165.128Host ID 0.0.0.01001000 0.0.0.72broadcast address

131.123.165.11111111 131.123.165.255highest address in subnetlowest address in subnet

number of addresses in subnet

Page 38: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128Network ID 131.123.165.10000000 131.123.165.128Host ID 0.0.0.01001000 0.0.0.72broadcast address

131.123.165.11111111 131.123.165.255highest address in subnet

131.123.165.254lowest address in subnet

131.123.165.129

number of addresses in subnet

Page 39: IP Addressing – Dotted-Decimal Notation –An IP address is 32 bits in size –Every IP address is grouped into four 8-bit octets –Octets are separated by

IP = 131.123.165.200MASK = 255.255.255.128

highest address in subnet 131.123.165.254

lowest address in subnet 131.123.165.129

number of addresses in subnet 27-2 = 128-2 = 126


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