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INDIGENUOS PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES

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Indigenous Peoples of the Philippines refer to a group of people or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by others,

• Who have continously lived as organized community on communally bounded and defined territory.

• And who have, under claims of ownership since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories

• Sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to political, social and cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous religions and cultures, become historically differentiated from the majority of the Filipinos. 

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• ICCs/IPs shall likewise include peoples who are regarded as indigenous on account of their descent from the populations which inhabited the country, at the time of conquest or colonization, or at the time of inroads of non-indigenous religions and cultures, or the establishment of present state boundaries, who retain some or all of their own social, economic, cultural and political institutions, but who may have been displaced from their traditional domains or who may have resettled outside their ancestral domains.(Sec.3(h)R.A. 8371)

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POPULATION

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Region Population

CAR 1,252,962Region I 1,039,447Region II 1,014,955Region III 230,270Region IV 714,527Region V 185,488Region VI and VII 175,109Region IX 993,232Region X 1,509,436Region XI 1,882,622Region XII 1,447,972Region XIII 874,456

Total `11,320,476

Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)

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Ethnolinguistic Groups

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Number Group

1 Abelling/Aborlin

2 Abiyan

3 Adasen4 Aeta5 Agta6 Agta-Cimaron7 Agta-Tabangon8 Agutaynon9 Alangan(Mangyan)

10 Applai11 Ata-Matigsalog12 Ati

Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)

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13 Arumanen14 Ayangan15 Binongan16 Bago17 Bangon (Mangyan)18 Bontok19 Balatoc20 Baliwen21 Baluga22 Batak23 Batangan/Tao Buid24 Buhid (Mangyan)25 Balangao26 Bantoanon27 Bukidnon28 Badjao29 Banac30 B'laan31 Bagobo32 Banwaon33 Calinga34 Camiguin35 Coyonon36 Danao37 Dibabawon

Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)

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38 Dumagat

39 Eskaya40 Gaddang41 Giangan42 Gubang43 Gubatnon (Mangyan)44 Guiangan-Clata45 Hanunuo (Mangyan)46 Hanglulo47 Higaonon48 Itneg49 Inlaud50 Ibaloi51 Ibanag52 Itawes53 Ikalahan54 Ilianen55 Isinai56 Isneg/Apayao57 Iwak58 Iraya(Mangyan)59 Itom60 Ilongot/Bugkalot

Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)

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61 Ivatan62 Kirintenken63 Kalinga64 Kankanaey65 Kalanguya66 Kalibugan67 Kabihug68 Kalagan69 Karao70 Kaylawan71 Kongking72 Langilan73 Masadiit74 Maeng75 Mabaca76 Malaueg77 Magahat/Corolanos78 Manobo79 Manobo-Blit80 Mangguangan81 Mamanwa82 Mansaka83 Matigsalog84 Mandaya85 Molbog86 Pullon87 Palawanon88 Remontado89 Ratagnon (Mangyan)90 Sulod

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91 Sama (Badjao)92 Sama/Samal

93 Sama/Kalibugan

94 Subanen95 Sangil96 Tadyawan(Mangyan)97 Tagabawa98 Tagbanwa99 Tagakaolo

100 Talaandig101 Talaingod102 T'boli103 Tao't Bato104 Tasaday105 Tasaday106 Tingguian107 Tiruray/Teduray108 Tuwali109 Ubo110 Umayamnon

Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)Source: National Commission on Indigenous People (ncip.gov.ph)

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“IPRA LAW”

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THE REPUBLIC ACT 8371: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES RIGHTS ACT (IPRA) OF 1997

The IPRA was signed into law on October 29, 1997 by then President Ramos. IPRA underwent many years of legislative study and deliberation before it became a law. It is the result of various consultations, consolidated bills related to ancestral domains and lands, and international agreements on the recognition of land/domain rights of the Indigenous People.

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Republic Act No. 8371

is an act to recognize, protect and promote the rights of indigenous cultural communities/indigenous people, creating National Commission on Indigenous People, establishing implementing mechanisms, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes.

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Rights and Aspirations of Indigenous People

• Right to Ancestral Domain -to cover the rights of ownership and possession of the Indigenous Cultural Communities and the Indigenous People to their ancestral domains which are to be protected.

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• Right to Self-Governance - to recognize the inherent rights of the Indigenous Cultural Communities and the Indigenous Peoples to self-governance and self-determination and to respect the integrity of their values, practices and institutions.

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• Social Justice & Human Rights - to ensure that the employment of any form of coercion against Indigenous Cultural Communities and the Indigenous Peoples shall be dealt with by law.

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• Cultural Integrity - to include respect, recognition and protection of the rights of the Indigenous Cultural Communities and the Indigenous Peoples to preserve and protect their cultures, traditions and institutions.

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 PROFILE OF EDUCATION, CULTURE AND HEALTH PROGRAMS/PROJECTS

FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES

PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME:

1.) NCIP Educational Assistance Program (EAP)

Specific Objectives:– To assist IP youth and children in the development of their

intellectual capacities and other intrinsic potentials to enable them as effective agents of local and national development thru access to the institutions of higher learning.

– To assist IP youth and children to become active contributors for local, national and global economic self-sufficiency thru access to special skills trainings and institutions, and

– To assist IP youth and children in depressed areas for primary, secondary and college education.

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Strategic Objectives: – To provide financial assistance to deserving IPs for their

education;– To assist qualified grantees based on sound, orderly, practical

and rigid selection rather than subjecting the applicants to a competitive examination;

– To encourage grantees to enroll in any of the priority and relevant courses needed in pursuing countryside and nationwide development offered in accredited colleges and universities;

– To encourage grantees to excel in their academic performance while in school;

– To encourage grantees to practice their chosen vocation or profession in their respective communities after graduation; and

– To ensure that the program is made available to members of the ICCs/IPs.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME:

2.) IP Education (Focused on Indigenization of Curriculum)

OBJECTIVE: 

In the parlance of indigenous thinking, being able to read, write, compute and analyze, in a culturally-sensitive educational environment with an appropriate curriculum, facilitates the realization of individual rights and social participation.

Knowledge and awareness, which are the primary manifestations of education, are the prerequisites for self-realization and empowerment. Simply put, therefore, education enables the IPs to assert and protect their rights and improve their multi-dimensional well-being in terms of social, cultural, political and economic situation.

Everything is interrelated so that people and their culture, their ancestral domain/land and nature, as well as their spirituality, are one and inseparable.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME:

2.) IP Education (Focused on Indigenization of Curriculum)

OBJECTIVE: 

Relevant education for indigenous peoples should serve the need for promoting their indigenous knowledge systems and practices contributing to a positive perception of their cultural character and identity. The protection and promotion of indigenous people's rights, particularly to their ancestral domains and to their cultural integrity, should be considered as the primary objectives of curricular interventions and should be equally important to enhancing student performance and the teaching-learning process.

A culturally appropriate education for IPs strengthens sustainable development and the exercise of self-determination in as much as education is supposed to be an “enabling” (for recognition and empowerment), an “ensuring” (for protection) and an “enhancing” (for development and promotion) tool for IPs, their ancestral domains and their cultural integrity.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME:

2.) IP Education (Focused on Indigenization of Curriculum)

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES: 

• Inventory of existing initiatives and gathering of secondary data and information• Field visits, consultations and close collaboration with the Tribal Council of Elders/Leaders and IP teachers • Focus Group Discussions and policy dialogues/fora• Continuing advocacy and IEC• Identification of pilot areas• Documentation and research for primary data as needed and duly identified (preferably using on-the-ground hard evidences, i.e. best practices deduced out of case studies)• Preparation of modules and instructional materials• Training of IP teachers• Monitoring and evaluation

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 3.) Assistance to Community Schools OBJECTIVES: 

• To assist in the provision of needs indispensable for the operations of IP Community Schools, whether formal, pre-school, non-formal, alternative learning systems or Schools of Living Traditions.

• As much as possible, to prioritize assistance to one-time start-up needs and requests that entail use of resources for long-term use.

• To help explore and tap other possible sources of support as well as assist in establishing networks for addressing IP Community School needs.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 3.) Assistance to Community Schools COMPONENT ACTIVITIES:

• Field validation of needs, consultations with the ICC (Indigenous Cultural Communities in project development and close collaboration with the Tribal Council of Elders/Leaders.

• Coordination with concerned Local Government Units, NGOs and other partner-stakeholders in the community.

• Assistance in exploring alternative sources of funding and in linkage-building.

• Community-driven participation in the management and implementation of the project.

• Monitoring and evaluation of the project.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 3.) Support to Cultural Community Festivals OBJECTIVES: 

•To ensure that the material and immaterial cultures of IPs are genuinely presented, valued and made alive by the IPs themselves, and that the IPs’ sense of cultural identity and character are strengthened;

•To create heightened awareness and instill pride among tribal constituents, especially the younger IP generations, of their indigenous cultural heritage and rootedness to their ancestral domains/lands;

•To advocate and/or lobby for the operational recognition, promotion and protection of IP rights to their cultural integrity;

•To commemorate/celebrate significant events and milestones, or accomplishments in the tribe;

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 3.) Support to Cultural Community Festivals OBJECTIVES: 

•To foster unity and working camaraderie among members of the IP group and other tribes as well as partner-stakeholders such as local government units, NGOs, and related institutions;

•To present and discuss tribal issues concerning IP culture, including their indigenous knowledge systems and practices as well as community intellectual properties; and

•To elicit on-the-ground proposals for policy formulation and/or program development/coordination on IP cultures and their manifestations.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 3.) Support to Cultural Community Festivals COMPONENT ACTIVITIES: • Field visit/s and consultations with the ICC in project development and close collaboration with the Tribal Council of Elders/Leaders.

• Coordination with concerned Local Government Units, NGOs and other partner-stakeholders in the community.

• Community-driven participation in the management and implementation of the project.

• Technical and financial assistance in documentation and packaging of proceedings and reports.

• Monitoring and evaluation of the project

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 4.) IKSP Documentation in Support to Policy Formulation and Legislation  OBJECTIVES:

•The data on IKSPs to be documented are of great value in support to policy formulation and legislation relevant and consistent with the preservation and promotion of the rich cultural heritage of the IPs and the sustainable development and protection of their ancestral domains/lands.

•Well-meaning IKSP documentation is essential to bringing about better understanding of the culture, worldviews and life ways of IPs.

•The documentation of specific IKSPs for IP groups will serve as a baseline information for the exploration of the nature and dynamics of intellectual property rights operationalized in a community concept, and for setting directions and actions, whether through legislation or executive fiat, for their protection.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 4.) IKSP Documentation in Support to Policy Formulation and Legislation  OBJECTIVES:

•The project may be able to identify cultural influences among the IPs particularly in the transmission of knowledge across generations and in the aspects of religion and art.

•For the other ethnic and religious denominations, this study provides them with authentic and reliable data helping them understand the IPs as a legitimate part of the Philippine society. Through understanding of the cultural traits and practices of the Indigenous Peoples, the mainstream society may learn to live with them harmoniously like brothers and sisters.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 4.) IKSP Documentation in Support to Policy Formulation and Legislation  OBJECTIVES:

•Educational institutions may also profit from this study for the data documented may serve as sources of content for their curricular programs and other related projects.

•Cultural organizations may utilize the documented materials in projecting and depicting the beautiful cultural elements of the IP culture. Doing this may enhance the identity of the IPs not only here in the Philippines but also in the different parts of the world.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 4.) IKSP (Indigenous Knowledge Systems And Practices) Documentation in Support to Policy Formulation and Legislation  

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES:

•Field immersion in the implementation of the program carried out through activities that do not only superficially present the tangible and visible aspects of culture, as in artifacts, instruments, designs, songs, dances, games, etc. but also include in-depth focus on the needs, conditions and aspirations, spirituality and natural base of existence of the particular IP groups concerned.

•Coordination with concerned Local Government Units and other partner-stakeholders in the field

•Field visits, consultations and close collaboration with the Tribal Council of Elders/Leaders.

•Community-driven data gathering and compilation

•Continuing validation of research and documentation results

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 5.) Health Services including Enrollment of IPs to the PhilHealth Program

OBJECTIVES:

•To educate the IPs through Information and Education Campaign/Advocacy activities on their rights to avail of basic health services offered by the government.

•To conduct medical outreach programs/activities with emphasis on sustained utilization of indigenous self-reliant health care services by supporting traditional health practices. •To improve the health seeking behavior of the IPs by assisting them in their enrolment to the PhilHealth program.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 5.) Health Services including Enrolment of IPs to the PhilHealth Program

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES:

• Health Services Program (As conventionally requested)

Health and Nutrition ProgramIP Community Early Childhood Care and DevelopmentMedical and Dental ServicesSupport to IP HospitalizationIP Day Care ServicesConduct of Medical and Dental Mission (Mobile Clinic)

• Enrolment of IPs to the PhilHealth Program

Field survey and consultationsLinkaging/Coordinative activities with Local Government UnitsFund Sourcing for sustainability

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 5.) Health Services including Enrolment of IPs to the PhilHealth Program

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES: Important Note: The Commission En Banc decided to issue a resolution to adopt a policy that funds under this program will only be used for situations of calamity, epidemic, displacement as a result of conflict or militarization, or in any similar occurrence in lieu of the above-stated components of health services program.

Liquidations and reports of Regional Offices on the utilization of funds must reflect only the enumerated emergency situations or situations needing quick response as the purpose(s) by which project funds are released in this category.

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 6.) Indigenous Health Knowledge and Practices and the Use of Traditional Medicines  OBJECTIVES: • To conduct researches on indigenous health knowledge and practices and the use of traditional medicine in several identified regions

• To promote the use of herbal plants as an indigenous way to treat commonly encountered diseases. 

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PROGRAM/PROJECT NAME: 6.) Indigenous Health Knowledge and Practices and the Use of Traditional Medicines 

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES: • Coordination with concerned Local Government Units and other partner-stakeholders in the field.

• Field visit, consultation and close collaboration with the Tribal Council of Elders/Leaders and Indigenous Healers/“Tribal Doctors”.

• Community-driven data gathering and compilation (research)

• Continuing validation of research and documentation results