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Headline discoveries
Special Report: iPad Apps for Your Classroom
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Name ouR SupeRheRoDetails insiDe
BReathpRiNtS help ideNtify diSeaSeS
haNd GeStuReS may BooSt math leaRNiNG
actReSSeS Who have had Stem caReeRS
ScieNtiStS cReate NeW eaR uSiNG 3d pRiNtiNG
Making Science Matter®
Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 3
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 32
Price offers in this publication are valid through December 31, 2013 unless otherwise stated.
inside this issue:
STEM ........................................................................................................................2-3, 22ELEMENTARY .................................................................................................................4-5BIOTECHNOLOGY ..........................................................................................................6-7LIFE SCIENCES ....................................................................................................8-9, 12-13CHEMISTRY ................................................................................................................ 10-11PHYSICAL SCIENCE ...................................................................................................14-15ASTRONOMY AND EARTH SCIENCE .......................................................................16-17TECHNOLOGY .......................................................................................................18-19,23ENVIRONMENTAL .....................................................................................................20-21
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ALDEBARAN ROBOTICS ..........................................................................................18ALDON .........................................................................................................................7ALTAY SCIENTIFIC.....................................................................................................14AMERICAN 3B SCIENTIFIC ........................................................................................8AMERICAN EDuCATIONAL PRODuCTS ...................................................................8BEL–ART ....................................................................................................................23CELESTRON ..............................................................................................................16 CORNING .....................................................................................................................5CROSSCuTTING CONCEPTS .....................................................................................8DIVERSIFIED WOODCRAFTS .....................................................................................5EARTH BOx ...............................................................................................................20EDVOTEk .....................................................................................................................6FISHER SCIENCE EDuCATION .........................................................................2, 8, 21FISHER SCIENTIFIC ............................................................................................... 7, 23HB INSTRuMENTS ...................................................................................................17k’NEx ...........................................................................................................................5kEMTEC .....................................................................................................................13kEN-A-VISION ...........................................................................................................18kIMBLE CHASE .........................................................................................................11LABAIDS ....................................................................................................................15LABOMED ..................................................................................................................16LAMOTTE ..................................................................................................................20NEuLOG ....................................................................................................................19NEW PATH LEARNING................................................................................................2OAkTON ....................................................................................................................17OHAuS.......................................................................................................................12REVOLuTIONARY SCIENCE.......................................................................................6SPER SCIENTIFIC ......................................................................................................19SWIFT ........................................................................................................................22THERMO SCIENTIFIC ................................................................................................10uNITED SCIENTIFIC ..................................................................................................15
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SchoolS Shift fRom teXtBooKS to taBletSBy Samba Lampich
Beautiful BRaiNSBy Ritwika Bhattacharya
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• WhatothersuccessfulpersonalitieshavehadSTEMcareers?
• HowdoesSTEMenhanceperformingarts?
The days of hauling a heavy backpack filled withtextbooks may soon be over. Tablets are quicklybecoming popular among K-12 students andteachers,replacingtextbooksandcomputers.
A GROWING TRENDAreportfromthenewInternationalDataCorporation(IDC)researchshowsthattabletshipmentsintotheU.S.EducationSectorexpandedby103%in2012andisexpectedtogrowevenmorein2013.Thisgrowthis drivenby lower tablet costs andmanufacturers,contentcreatorsandeducatorsworkingtogethertocreatebetter delivery andqualityof content in theclassroom.
BENEFITS OF TABLETSMosttabletstodayhavealargememory,whichcanholdhundreds to thousandsof textbooks, learninggamesandpuzzlesaswellassoftwareforhomework.Allthisinasmalldevicethatiseasytocarryaround.
Tablets also offer an exciting, visually stimulatingway to learn.With interactive tools and software,videosandaudio files, tabletscanbring thewordsinatextbooktolife.Insteadoftryingtovisualizeanaerodynamic theory,studentscanwatchvideothatexplains how a plane flies.They can connect with
peersandteachersonlineandshareideaswithotherstudentsaroundtheworld.
Tablets are also cost-effective, offering savings forschools.According to the FederalCommunicationsCommission(FCC),theU.S.spendsabout$7billionperyearontextbooks,manyofwhichareseventotenyearsoutofdate.Intotal,theFCCestimatestheU.S. could save $3 billion (assuming that a tabletwould cost $150, as schools buy them in bulk) ashardwaregetscheaperandtechnologyadvances.
Electronic versions of textbooks are easier andquicker to update, which will save millions onprinting costs and ensure information getting tostudentsisup-to-date.
DO TABLETS IMPROVE LEARNING?Thereissomeevidencethatinthelongterm,studentreadersarebetterabletorememberwhattheyreadinprintedbooksthanwhattheyreadonanelectronicscreen.KateGarlandof theUniversity of LeicesterinEnglandconductedastudy inwhichpsychologystudents were bombarded with questions oneconomicsafterreadingdigitalandprintedversionsof text. Garland found that students reading theunfamiliar text in digital versions had to read itseveraltimesbeforegainingthesameknowledgeas
printreaders.Shealsofoundthatstudentsreadingprintedmaterialunderstooditbetter.
Educatorsneedtobeawarethatstudentsmaytakelongertoabsorbmaterialwhenreadingonadigitaldeviceandshouldtakethisintoconsiderationwhencreatinglessonplans.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whataresomechallengesthatwouldarisefromexclusivelyusingtablets?
• Wouldtabletsworkforeverystudentpopulation?Whyorwhynot?
Hollywood is associated with glamour, style and beauty but not with STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering and Math). In TV or movie roles,scientistsareoftenportrayedasgeeky,nerdyorsociallyawkward.
But some glamorous actresses have strong backgrounds inSTEM, impressive strong scientific credentials, awards,degrees,patentsandtheoremstotheirnames.
STARS, STYLE AND STEMNataliePortman,AcademyAwardwinnerforthemovie“Black Swan”, is one of these actresses.When shewas inhigh school shemade it to the semi-finals ofthe IntelScienceTalentSearch,oneof themosteliteand demanding high school research competitionsforyoungaspiringscientists.ShemaintainedstraightA’s inschoolandearnedadegreeinpsychologyfromHarvard.
ActressHedyLamarr,onceregardedasthemostbeautifulwomaninHollywood,alsopursuedaseriousscientificcareer.Sheinventedandpatentedatorpedo-guidancetechniquethatshecalled“FrequencyHopping,”whichpreventedefforts to jamthe signalsofmissiles that kept themon track.This technologyhasbeenadaptedandextensivelyusedinwirelesscommunications.
MayimBialik,whoplaystheroleofthefrumpyandlovableAmyFarrahFowler,the love interest of Sheldon Cooper on the sitcom“The Big BangTheory”, isaneurobiologist in real life too.Bailik has aPhD inNeuroscience fromUCLA
and teachesscience tohome-schooledstudents.Shealsoplaysanactive rolein inspiringyounggirls totakeupSTEM-relatedstudiesandhasbeen
thefaceofHerWorld,aninteractiveworkshopbyDeVryUniversity,educatingteengirlsaboutcareersinSTEM.
Bialik says, “The training and the knowledge and all ofthe things thatcomefromlearningabout thesesubjectsneverleaveyou,nomatterwhatyoudo.Iviewtheworlddifferently as a scientist now than I ever could haveimaginedIwould”.
CATCHING THE STEM BUGMae Jemison, a doctor, dancer and the firstAfricanAmericanwomaninspace,oncesaid,“Thedifferencebetween science and the arts is not that they aredifferent sides of the same coin, or even differentparts of the same continuum, but rather, they are
manifestationsof thesame thing.Theartsandsciencesareavatarsofhumancreativity”.
Hedy Lamarr: Austro-American actress and mathematician, celebrated for her great beauty
Chicago teacher Jennie Magiera was a tech skeptic, but has since successfully integrated technology into her classroom
The Official B
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epartment of E
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Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 34
BottleNoSe dolphiNS may addReSS loved oNeS By “Name”By Pattie Dobranski
iNvaSioN of the GiaNt GoldfiSh By Samba Lampich
Humansmaynotbetheonlyspeciesthatcananswertheproverbialquestion,“What’sinaname?”
A studypublished in a recent issueofProceedings of the Royal Society B,aBritishbiological researchjournal,examineshowbottlenosedolphinsmaysharetheability tocall the“names”of familyand friendsthroughdistinctivewhistles,ratherthanwords.
25 YEARS OF RESEARCHWhile earlier research discovered bottlenosedolphins named themselves by emitting unique
whistles that announce their presence, this newstudysuggeststheymimicthewhistlesofotherstoseeminglycallthembyname.
Forthisstudy,researchersfromtheUniversityofSt.Andrews Sea Mammal Research Unit in Scotlandassembled 25 years worth of acoustic findings onbothwildbottlenosedolphinsandcaptivemales,alllivinginFlorida,todrawtheseconclusions.Theyalsofound therewas no difference in the developmentof the name calling between the captive and wilddolphins.
ACROSS THE MILESThedolphinsusedthisnamecallingtechniquewhentrying to reunite with a friend or family memberacrosstheocean,thestudyexplained.Incredibly,thenamecallingwhistlesweredetectedas far as12.4milesaway.Scientistsnotedtheabilitytotravelthisdistancewasaffectedbythedepthofthewaterandthefrequencyofthedolphin’sspecificwhistle.
TERMS OF ENDEARMENTThe name calling was never used in aggressiveencounters, the study said, and was only offered
to find loved ones. Further, dolphins even seemto apply inflection or an accent when callingothers throughmimicking the other dolphins’ self-proclaimednames.Thisseemstoshowthedolphinswere calling others and not just announcing theirownnames.Eventhoughthisalladdsuptoquiteacomplexformofcommunicationamongbottlenosedolphins, scientists are not ready to call thesedolphin exchanges “speaking.” Language currentlyremainsahuman-exclusiveformofcommunication.
WHAT’S ON THE HORIZON?The give and take between bottlenose dolphinscontinues to intrigue scientists. Right now,researchers are conducting audio experiments togaugethereactionofwilddolphinstotherecordedsoundoftheirownwhistle/namecalling.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Doyouthinkthebottlenosedolphinnamecallingwhistlesarealanguage?
• Whydoyouthinkthisresearchisimportanttohumansorotheranimals?
Thetranquil,quietwatersofLakeTahoe,thecountry’shighestalpinelake,havebeeninvadedbymonstergoldfish, weighing several pounds and measuringmorethanafootlong.
A group of researchers from the University ofNevada at Reno discovered and documented theoversizedfish,andtheysaythishouseholdpetisanunwelcomevisitortothefreshwaterlake.
FROM HOME TO LAKEResearchers say aquarium dumping is to blamefor the invasion. Owners don’t think twice aboutemptying their aquariums into lakes, which maycontainnofishbutmighthavefertilizedeggs.
Thegoldfish in LakeTahoegrow faster andbiggerthan in a bowl or aquarium because they have ahigh-proteindiet,whichincreasestheirweight,andtheyfeedmoreoften.Theyarealsoexposedtowarmwater, which hastens their growth.They have fewpredators,allowingthemtogrowlargerandrapidlyreproduce.
DISRUPTING THE ECOSYSTEMThegiantgoldfishout-competenativespecies,suchastrout,forfood,leadingtothedeclineofnativefish.Theyalsoharmthelakeclaritybyrootingaroundthesediment for food and fueling algae growth withtheir waste, which interferes with food sources todisrupttheecosystem’sfoodchain.
TheCaliforniaDepartmentofFishandWildlife,TahoeRegionalPlanningAgencyandUNRpartneredonapilotprojecttoremovewarm-waterfishspecies,suchaslarge-mouthbass,fromtheTahoeKeysduringthesummers of 2011 and 2012.Although only a smallfractionremovedin2012weregoldfish,researchersfound pregnant fish, which indicates that they arebreedingquickly.
Effortstoeradicatetheseinvasivespecieswillcontinuethroughthesummerof2013.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatspeciesoffisharegoldfishandhowweretheydomesticated?
• Howandwhyarenon-nativespeciesofanimalsandplantsintroducedintoanecosystem?Couldtherebeanybenefits?
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Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 36
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meN aNd WomeN Really do See thiNGS diffeReNtlyBy Joe Giacobello
We’veallnoticedthatmenandwomenseem to think differently, but recentresearch suggests that they actuallysee things differently—particularlywhenitcomestocolors.Itseemsthatwomen are better at distinguishingamongsubtlecolordifferences,whilemenhaveagreatersensitivitytofinedetail and rapidly moving, distantobjects.
MALE VS. FEMALE BRAINScientists say that there are high concentrations of androgen—the male sexhormone receptors—in thevisual cortexof thebrain,which is responsible forprocessing images. Androgen is responsible for controlling development ofneuronsinthevisualcortexduringembryoformation.Menhave25percentmoreneuronsinthisareathanfemales.Atthesametime,however,linguisticresearchhasshownthatwomentendtohavealargervocabularythanmenfordescribingcolors.Sowhatdoesthisallmean?
DETECTING SUBTLE COLOR DIFFERENCESIsraelAbramov and his research teamat CUNY’s BrooklynCollege conductedaseriesofvisualtestsonmenandwomenatboththehighschoolandcollegelevels.They tested and compared their color vision by projecting colors ontofrostedglassorbeaming themdirectly into thesubjects’eyes.Whenasked to
describe colors displayed across the visual spectrum, thewomenwere betterabletodistinguishamongsubtledifferencesinthemiddleofthecolorspectrum.They also detected tiny differences between yellows that looked the same tomen.Additionally,themenrequiredaslightlylongerwavelengthtoexperiencethesamehueasthewomen.
DEGREES OF CONTRASTThesubjectswerealsoshownlightanddarkbarsofdifferentwidthsanddegreesof contrast, flickering on a computer screen, an effect was similar viewing acarmovinginthedistance.Themenwerebetterabletoseethebars,andtheiradvantage increasedas thebarsbecamenarrowerand lessdistinct.Theyalsohad an easier time resolvingmore rapidly changing images that were closertogetherthanthewomen.
EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATIONApossible,buthighlyspeculativeexplanationforwhythesexesseedifferentlyisforevolutionaryadvantages.Backinthehunter-gatherersocieties,themalesneededtoseepredatorsorpreyinthedistancewhilewomenhadtodetectsubtlecolordifferenceswhilescouringforedibleplants.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howisourabilitytodistinguishcolorsimportanttooursurvival,abilitytodoourjobsorineverydaylife?
• Whatdifferenceshaveyouobserved,inthewaythatmalesandfemalesthink?
The all-new MegaCycler brings affordable PCR to the classroom without compromise.
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laB-GRoWN KidNeyS WoRK iN RatSBy Ashley Peterson
A team at Massachusetts General Hospitalin Boston recently reached an importantmilestoneinthefieldofregenerativemedicine.Forthefirsttime,completelab-grownkidneyshavebeensuccessfully transplanted into rats,filtering and operating as natural kidneyswould.
REGENERATING THE KIDNEYSDr. Harald C. Ott and his colleagues atMassachusetts General Hospital createdbioengineered kidneys by using adecellularizationtechnologyOtthadpreviouslydeveloped. The team first stripped donorkidneys of their cells, leaving behind theunderlying scaffold of connective tissues andbloodvessels.Theyregeneratedthekidneysbyseedingorrepopulatingthedecellurizedorganswithkidneyandvesselcellsfromnewbornrats.Thekidneysproducedurinebutonlyaboutone-thirdasmuchasnormalkidneytransplants.
THE SEARCH FOR A NEW ALTERNATIVEThebreakthroughmarksanimportantsteptowardssomedaybeingabletogrowhuman-scaleorgansvirtuallyondemand.
Renal failure, which currently affects nearly onemillion people in the UnitedStates,isamedicalconditioninwhichthekidneysfailtoadequatelyfilterwaste
productsfromthebloodandcausesthebodytoretainexcesswaterandwasteproducts.Renalfailurecanbereversedbykidneytransplantsfromwell-matcheddonors.Theproblemisthattherearecurrentlynotenoughdonatedkidneystomeet the demand.An estimated 18,000 transplants are carried out each year,but100,000peopleremainon thewaiting list to receive thesurgery.Of thosefortunate enough to receive the transplant surgery, approximately one in fiveexperienceorganrejectionfollowingtheprocedure.
According to Dr. Ott, “If this technology can be scaled to human-size grafts,patientssufferingfromrenalfailure,whoarecurrentlywaitingfordonorkidneys,could theoretically receiveanorgangrownondemand.” Ideally the lab-grownkidneyswouldbegrownfromthepatient’sowncellssotheywouldbelesslikelytoberejectedbytherecipient’simmunesystem.
A PROMISING STARTOttandhisteamarenowtestingtheapproachwithpigandhumankidneysandimprovingtheseedingprocess.
Thoughwearestillalongwayfrombeingabletoproducehuman-scaleorgans,bioengineeredkidneystransplantedintoratsfilterbloodandproduceurine—anachievementthatpavesthewayforgrowingreplacementkidneysforhumans.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatwouldbesomeofthenextstepstowardsmakingartificialkidneyspossibleforhumans?
• Ifyouwereamedicalresearcherworkinginalab,whatdiscoveryoraccomplishmentwouldyoumakeyourprimarymission?
AP® Biology Investigation #8: Bacterial Transformation
Students will genetically engineer bacteria through transformation with a plasmid that confers antibiotic resistance. They will then examine the number of resistant bacteria to determine the e�ciency of the transformation procedure. Teacher’s manual and Student Study Guide copymasters are included. Materials provided for 8 lab groups.
Meets AP Science Practices 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7, and Big Idea 3.
Description Cat. No. PriceAP® Biology Investigation #8 S07058 190.00
AP® Biology Investigation #8: Bacterial Transformation
Students will genetically engineer bacteria through transformation with a plasmid that confers antibiotic resistance. They will then examine the number of resistant bacteria to determine the e�ciency of the transformation procedure. Teacher’s manual and Student Study Guide copymasters are included. Materials provided for 8 lab groups.
Meets AP Science Practices 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7, and Big Idea 3.
Description Cat. No. PriceAP® Biology Investigation #8 S07058 190.00
analog Vortex Mixer• Twomodesofoperation;“Continuous”modewhenusingaccessory attachmentsor“Touch”modewhichactivateswhendepressingthecuphead
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experiment:
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Go to:http://www.troemner.com/pdf/email/vortex_mixer_experiment.pdftoviewtheexperimentSourced from: Fall 2011 - Jackie Reynolds,Richland College, BIOL2421
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Previously decellularized rat kidney after reseeding with endothelial cells, to repopulate the organ’s vascular system, and with neonatal kidney cells.
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 38
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maGGotS aS medical micRoSuRGeoNS?By Cory Bickel
BReathiNG youR Way to BetteR healthBy Mona Simpson
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatkindofdifficultiesorchallengeswouldarisewhenusingmedicalmaggots?
• Whatother“old-fashioned”treatmentsarestillbeingusedtoday?
Patientswithslow-healingwoundshavebeenvisitingtheirdoctorsforastrangekindofprescriptionlately—acrawly,squirmydoseofmaggots.
TREATING WHILE THEY EATWhile this treatmentmay soundgross,maggots canbe veryhelpful to thesepatients.Thelarvaeofsomespeciesofflieswilleatdeadtissueinwoundsandleavehealthytissue,helpingittogrowandremovingthefoodsourceforbacteriathatcauseinfections.Doctorsputthemaggotsintoapouchofgauzeandplacethem on the wound.Themaggots secrete fluids that digest unhealthy tissueandthenabsorbthenutrients.Maggotsalsohelpwoundstohealbysecretingantibacterial compounds— proteins that stop inflammation that can damagetissue—andcompoundsthatspeedthebody’shealingabilities.
ANCIENT MEDICINE IN THE MODERN WORLDMaggotshavebeenusedmedicinallyforthousandsofyears;byMayanIndians,duringtheRenaissanceandduringtheCivilWar.Theywereapopularmethodoftreatingwoundsandpreventinginfectionuntilantibiotics,suchasPenicillin,replaced them in the 1940’s. Now, with more andmore strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria emerging, doctors are turning again to maggots to treatwounds.Maggotscanstopinfectionsofresistantbacteria,includingflesh-eatingbacteriasuchasStaphylococcusaureusthatcan’tbetreatedbyregularmethods.In2004,maggots,alongwithleeches,becamethefirstanimalstobeapprovedby theFoodandDrugAdministrationas“medicaldevices.”Maggotsarenowgrownformedicaluseinsterileenvironmentsthatmakethemsafetoputintoopenwounds.
This creepy kind of treatment may see a lot more use with diseases like
diabetes becomingmore prevalent, where poor circulation can cause severesoresandwounds.With the increase inantibiotic resistantbacteria,moreandmorepatientswithwoundsthatareslowtohealanddifficulttotreatwillneedalternativetreatments.Maggotsprovideasafeandsimplemethodforhelpingthesepatientswhomayhavefewoptionsleft.
Whenyou’refeelingsick,it’sunpleasanttovisitthedoctorandmaybegetstuckwithaneedle…it’sevenworsewaitingfordaysforalabresulttotellyouthat…you’resick!Well,imagineifyoucouldvisityourdoctorandjustblowintoatube.They immediately receive the results, called a“breathprint,” and give a quickdiagnosis.Itsoundsfuturistic,butthatfuturemaybecloserthanyouthink.
Scientistshadsubjectsbreatheintoarubbertubethatrunsintoascientificinstrument.Theyareabletomatchbreathprintstotheindividualswhoprovidedthem.
FINGERPRINTS OF BREATHA team of researchers discovered that when you breathe out, themoleculesin yourbreath areunique to yourbody andyourhealth.Breathprints are the
resultsofmassspectroscopy— the identificationof chemicalproperties—ofpeople’sbreath.Massspectroscopyuseselectricandmagneticfieldstoseparateandmeasurethemoleculesinagivensample.Thescientiststestedparticipants’breath fromdifferent timesofdayanddifferentdays, and tried to see if theycouldreliablyseparatebreathprintsbytheindividualwhoprovidedthem.Theydiscoveredthatindividuals’breathprintsvariedsomewhatdependingonthedayandthetimeofday,butthateachpersonhasacoresignatureinthebreathprintthatremainsunchanged.Therefore,theycancapturebreathprintsandmatchtheresultstotheindividualbreather,justlikewithfingerprints.
REAL-LIFE APPLICATIONSBreathprintsmayhavealargeimpactonmedicaltesting:they’refast,easy,non-invasiveand individual.They reflect thebody’smetabolism,whichvaries frompersontoperson,andmayhelpphysiciansgivepersonalizedtreatmenttotheirpatients.Doctorscouldusetheresultstodeterminewhatmedicineapersonhasbeentaking,oriftheyhavebiomarkersforcancer.Thespeedofresultsisalsoanimportantfactor.Becauseresultsaredeliveredinreal-time,thistechnologycanbeusedtotestathletesforperformance-enhancingdrugsquicklyandeasily.
So,inthefuturewhenyou’refeelingill,maybeyourdoctorwillorderabreathprinttestandyou’llalreadyknowandunderstandthebenefitsofthetest.
Maggots grown and packaged in sterile BioBags
Bernd B
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The “breathprint” of a student giving a sample
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CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whenelsemightitbeconvenienttoidentifyinsomeoneusingbreathprints?
• Namesomespecificinstancesinwhichgettingatestquicklycanmakeadifference.
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 310
RuBBeR fRom daNdelioNS? talK aBout floWeR poWeRBy Cory Bickel
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatotherproductscouldbemadefromdandelionlatex?
• Whatproblemsmightthescientistshavetoovercomeindevelopingtheprocessestomaketiresfromdandelions?
Anyonewho’sgottenstickyhands frompickingdandelions is familiarwith themilky liquid
they produce. This liquid is latex, acompound that can be processed tomakerubber,andscientistsareworkingtotakethislatexandturnitintotires.
Dandelions produce latex in theirroots,andbiotechcompaniesKeyGeneand Kultevat are teaming up to make
these small plants more productive inordertoharvestlargeamountsoflatexfrom
them. Scientists at KeyGene found varieties ofdandelions from Russia with mutations that cause
helpful changes like larger roots and increased latex production,andareintheprocessofintroducingthesemutationsintocommondandelion varieties. Kultevatwill take these improved varieties andgetthemgrowinginamountslargeenoughtosupportindustrial-scaleproductionofrubber.
ThetiremanufacturerApolloVredesteindevelopedprototypetiresfromdandelionlatex.Assoonasthebiotechcompanieshaveenoughplantspumpingoutlatex,theycanbegintomanufacturetires,possiblyinassoonasfiveyears.
KEEPING UP WITH DEMANDMostnaturalrubbercomesfromrubbertrees,grownmainlyinSoutheastAsia.Asmorecountrieshavebecomedeveloped,thedemandforrubberanditscosthave risen drastically. Finding an alternative source, especially one as toughandeasilycultivatedasthedandelion,willenablerubberproductiontokeepupwiththegrowingdemand.AndbecauseKeyGene’stechniquesusegenesfoundnaturallywithindandelions,theseplantsaren’tconsideredgeneticallymodified,andcanbegrownintheEuropeancountriesthatcurrentlybanGMcrops.
Whiledandelionsareoftenconsideredweedsandnuisances, thepeskyplantsalreadyhavenutritionalandmedicinaluses.Soontheirfastgrowthandabilitytogrowseeminglyanywherewillbeputtoanothergooduse,andsomedaywemaydrivepastweedyyardsonourdandeliontiresandsmile.
Student-friendly Spectrophotometer makes learning a breezeThe Thermo Scientific™ SPECTRONIC™ 200 Visible Spectrophotometer brings new possibilities to student education:
• Trusted live display supports current experiments• Full spectrum scan mode finds peaks in seconds• Removable sample compartment for easy clean-up• Measure in square or test tube cuvettes
Take a closer look and watch our video on YouTube under SPECTRONIC 200 spectrophotometer.
Request a free trial unit for your classroom at tinyurl.com/s200Fisher
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What i did oN my SummeR vacatioNBy Benjamin Preis
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatskillshaveyoulearnedinschoolthatyoucoulduseatajob?
• Howcanyoucontinuetolearn,evenwhenschoolisoutforsummerorwinterbreak?
IjumpedupwithexcitementasIreadthedescriptionforasummerinternshipwith Fisher Science Education, part ofThermo Fisher Scientific. It may seemlike an unusual reaction to an internship, but from a long, daunting list ofopportunities,Ihadfoundapositionthatsoundedfun.
Afterathoroughinterviewprocess,Ibeganmyinternshiponeweekafterfinals.My fellow summer interns and I were greeted with great excitement as wewere the first internsThermoFisherScientifichadseen inyears.Wemetwithourrespectivesupervisorsandmentorswhowouldbeguidingusthroughthesummer.IwastheonlyinterninFisherScienceEducation,andIampositiveIhadthemostfunofanyintern.
Mygoal for the summerwas to createYouTubevideosexplaininghowFisherScienceEducationproductswork.Icombinedmyknowledgeofscience—I’maphysicsmajor atTuftsUniversity—withmy experience in film production.MymagnumopuswasaseriesoffourvideosexplainingthebenefitsandusesofanappcalledChemAssist.
ChemAssistwascreatedbytheFisherScienceEducationteamtohelpchemistryteacherskeeptheirchemicalclosetsorganizedandsafe;myjobwastoencourageteacherstousetheappandhelpthemunderstandhowitworks.
In addition to my project, I was completely integrated within my team.Teammembers brought me to meetings with otherThermo Fisher Scientificemployees,andIhadtheopportunitytovisitahighschoolandseehowFisherScienceEducationmakesanimpact. Iwasalsoabletomeetexecutiveswithinthecompany.
My time atThermo Fisher Scientificwas very rewarding.Not only did I havetheopportunity toputmyeducationandexperience towork, I also learnedalot.TheFisherScienceEducationteamprovidedmewithan inside lookat theworkingsofaFortune500company,allwhileempoweringmetoaffectchangeinclassroomsaroundtheworld.
uReusable, economical, long lastinguLead-free paintuManufactured from sand - a renewable resourceuRecyclable
How Green is Your Lab?KIMAX® beaker starter packs are designed to meet the needs of your eco-conscious school lab, where durability is essential and waste is not an option. KIMAX® beakers are designed to provide strength and reliability from top to bottom, and starter packs allow you to get a variety of sizes without ordering more than you need. Standard beaker packs consist of an assortment of popular size beakers (one each of 50, 100, 250, 600 and 1000mL). Heavy-duty beaker packs consist of one each of 250, 400, 600 and 1000mL.
Description Cat. No. PriceBeaker Starter Pack S30731 35.50Heavy-Duty Starter Pack S30731A 51.50
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 312
SmaRt BRa aimS to detect BReaSt caNceR eaRlieRBy Samba Lampich
BreastcanceristhemostcommoncanceramongwomenintheUnitedStatesandoneoftheleadingcausesofcancerdeathsofamongwomenofallraces.Detectingitearlierandtreatingitsooneriskeytosavingthousandsofliveseveryyear.
FirstWarning Systems, a Reno, Nevada-based company, is hoping to makedetection earlier and easier using their cancer-detecting bra, which is still inclinicaltrials.
BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGYThebra,whichlookslikeanordinarysportsbra,isequippedwitheightelectrodesembedded in each cup that detect temperature changes in awoman’s breasttissuesduringa12-hourperiod.Astumorsgrow,theysiphonoffnutrientsfrombloodvesselstofeedtheirmultiplyingcells.Thetumorsinducenewbloodvesselstogrowandthisgeneratesmoreheatthaninthesurroundingnormaltissue.
ThisdataaboutthetemperaturechangesisuploadedthroughasecuredatalinktoFirstWarning’sspecializedsoftware,whichcomparesthisinformationtothepatternsofdocumentedcancerous tissue.Thedata is analyzedand registeredas“normal”,“benign,”“suspectedforbreasttissueabnormalities”or“probableforbreasttissueabnormalities”classification.Thisreportissenttothepatients’physicianwhowilldetermineifafollow-upwithtestsandstandarddiagnosticproceduresisrequired.
FirstWarningsaystheycanthenpredictthepresenceofbreastcancerwithupto90%accuracy.Thisisactuallyisalevelofconfidencethatthesystemisgettingitsclassificationofbreasttissueconditionsaccurate90%ofthetime.
BEYOND TRADITIONAL DETECTION METHODSThe company says the bra is sosensitive it candetectbreast tumorsthatareintheearlystagesofgrowthandcannotbedetectedbyphysicalexaminations of mammography.Thisearlydetectionallowspatientsto start treatments earlier beforethe tumorgetsadangerousheadstart. It also is better at detectingtumors in dense breast tissue,which is often difficult with typicalmammography.
First Warning Systems hopes to haveits bra approved by the Food and DrugAdministrationandonthemarketby2014.Thebrawillcostconsumersaround$200andwilllikelyrequireadoctor’sprescription.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whataretheriskfactorsforbreastcancer?
• Whataresomeofthemythsaboutbreastcancer?Canmengetbreastcancer?
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Visit www.fisheredu.com/ohaus for more information and a complete listing of available products or contact your local Fisher Education Sales Representative.
1-800-955-1177 www.fisheredu.com/ohaus
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duNG BeetleS Reach foR the StaRSBy Shubhangi Chouhan
Theymay be tiny and always down in dirt, but they also keep their eyes onthestars.
Dungbeetlesareaspeciesdependentonfecesfortheirnutritionandbreeding.Theyshapepilesofdunginsmallballs,usetheirhindlegstorollthemawayfromcompetitorsandburythemundergroundtofeedtheiryoung.
Thebeetlesroll thedungballsusingtheirhindlegsand, if theydon’troll inastraight line, they risk circlingback to their competitors.How theymanage tomaintainastraightcourseonamoonlessnight—withoutanysetlandmarks—isthesubjectofanewstudy.
THE STRAIGHT AND NARROW PATHThe dung beetles are known to follow a linear path using visual cues fromcelestialbodiessuchasthesun,themoonorthepatternofpolarizedlightthatcreatesacompassaroundthem.
Thebeetlesdon’tneedtorollperfectlyin-linewiththeMilkyWay,althoughtheyuseitsnaturallightasareference.VisionscientistMarieDackeandhercolleaguesatLundUniversityinSwedenstudiedthisbehavioralpatternbytrackingagroupofAfricandungbeetles.
Thebeetlesandtheirdungballswereputinthemiddleofsandyareasurroundedby a meter-high wall and no landmark on the ground. An overhead camerarecorded theirmovements.Althoughthe tinycompoundeyesare tooweak todistinguishindividualplanetsorstars,whenthemoonandthestarswereclearlyvisible,thepaththeymadewasalmoststraight.Evenonamoonlessnighttheyefficientlyusedthelight-to-darkgradientoftheMilkyWaytorolldunginstraightpaths.Butwithanovercastsky,theinsectsrolledthedungaimlessly.
When masking blinders were used on these beetles, they were still able toorientthemselvesusingtheMilkyWay,provingthattheyarethefirstspeciesoftheirkindtofindtheirwayaroundusingavisualcompasssystemrather thanlandmarks.
OTHER NOCTURNAL NAVIGATORSScientist theorize that frogs, spiders and other nocturnal critters also use thestars,theMilkyWayandpolarizedmoonlightfororientationbuttheyhaveyettoconductstudiestoproveit.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Doyouknowofanymorespecieswithsuchspecialnavigation/orientationabilities?
• Howmightlightpollutionaffectdungbeetlesandtheroletheyplayinsustainingtheecosystem?
This kit provides students the opportunity to learn the techniques available for dusting and developing latent fingerprints from various surfaces. Students compare the prints to standards developed by the FBI and help in identifying the would be suspect. Each of the groups prepare evidence for another group to analyze and with the aid of the Modus Operandi sheets, the group identifies the fingerprints of the suspects.
Target Grades: 6-11
Description Cat. No. PriceAnalysis of Fingerprints Kit S25716 118.00 Other Kemtec KitsBlood Typing via Saliva S25080 143.00Analysis of Drugs & Poisons Kit S25702 173.00Characteristics of Matter S06736 129.00
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Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 314
BeeS aNd floWeRS commuNicate uSiNG electRic fieldSBy Samba Lampich
Flowersusetheircolors,size,shape and smell to attractpollinators.Butscientistssaythey may also be giving offan electric vibe to maximizetheir attraction to bees.Researchers Daniel Robert,Dominic Clarke and HeatherWhitney from the Universityof Bristol have shown thatflowers use electric fields toattractbumblebees.
THE POWER OF ATTRACTIONThesciencecommunityhaslongknownthatflowersgrowinginthegroundhaveanaturalnegativechargewhenflyingthroughtheair.Bees,ontheotherhand,arepositivelycharged.Thisisbecausethefrictionbetweentinyairparticlesandthebeescausethemtoloseelectronsleavingthemwithapositivecharge.
What remained unknown was whether the electricity between the bees andflowerswasmutuallybeneficial.Didbeesnoticetheelectricfieldsanduseittochooseflowers?
Tofindout,thescientistssetupanexperimentbybuildingasmallarenafulloffakepurpleflowersconsistingofastalkandsmalldishatthetop.Halftheflowers
werewiredtocreateasmallelectricfieldandtheotherhalfwerenot.Thewiredflowersheldsugarwaterandtheunwiredonesheldquinine,asubstancebeesfindunpleasant.
When bumblebees were released into the fake flower patch when no flowerhadanelectriccharge, theresearchers foundthat thebeesvisited the flowersrandomly.They landedon thesugary flowersasoftenason thequinine filledones.Butwhenasmallelectricchargewasreleasedintothesugar-filledflowers,thebeeslearnedtovisitthemwith81%accuracy.Whenthechargewasremoved,thebeeswentbacktorandomlyvisitingflowers.
NATURE’S BILLBOARDSRoberts and his fellow researchers studied real petunias and measured theelectricfieldaroundtheflowerbeforeandafterabeevisitedit.Theyfoundthataflower’selectricfieldincreasedinchargeasabeeapproachedandtheboostremainedforabout100secondsafterthebeehadgatherednectarandleft.
Robertsbelievesthatthislingeringchargehelpedtoinformotherbeesthattheplanthadnomorenectarandthattheyshouldfindanotherflower.Thisway,thebeesarenotwastingtheireffortsandtheflowerscanreplenishtheirsupplyinpeace.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howcannoiseandairpollutionaffectpollination?Considertheeffectonthepollinatorsthemselves.
• Howdoestheuseofpesticidesaffectfruitandvegetablefarmers?
Description Cat. No. Price
Anatomy of Cranial Cavity Head Neck and Thorax S05992 $217.00
Alternative Energy Source System S0562 7 $460.00
A large selection of productsto meet educational needs
For further information visit www.altayscientific.com
PHYSICS• Innovative kits• In-depth exploration of mechanics, thermodynamics, optics and more...
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For further information visit www.fisheredu.com/altayS05627 $460.00
www.fisheredu.com Tel. 1-800-955-1177 Fax. 1-800-955-0740 15
miGhty poWeR iN a micRoBatteRyBy Samba Lampich
Mostsmartphoneandtabletusershavehadaquickmomentofpanicwhen their devicesalert them that theirbatteryisalmostdead.They dread beingtethered to an outletwhileitcharges.
But now, in this fast-paced, tech-drivenworld,researchershavebuiltnewbatteriesthatcharge instantly andholdhoursofjuice.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign developed asmall,densebatterythatcancharge1000timesfasterthannormalbatteriesandreleasealotofpower.ProfessorWilliamKingwhoheadedtheresearcherssaysthemicrobatteryissopowerfulthepowerstoragedeviceinacellphonecouldbeusedtojumpstartacarbattery.Thegroupisworkingtomakethebatteriessmallenoughtofitinsidea“creditcard-thin”device.
HOW DID THEY DO ITAccording to the researchers, the secret to creating the microbattery wasminiaturizingtheanodeandcathode.KingandhisgroupusedmaterialsscienceandengineeringprofessorPaulBraun’smethodofminiaturizingthecathodeto
developamatchinganode.Thetwowerethenassembledina3Dmicrostructuretomakeacompletenewbatterywithsuperiorperformance.
SOLVING EXISTING BATTERY PROBLEMSTheproblemwithexistingbatteriesisthattheycanreleaseenergyveryquicklybutstoreonlyasmallamount,ortheycanstorealargeamountofenergybutreleaseitveryslowly.Capacitorsexpresstheirpowerveryquicklybutdon’tstorealotandLi-Ionbatteriesholdalargeamountofenergybuttakealongtimetocharge.Thesenewmicrobatteriesoffer thebestofboth;holdingmuchenergyandexpressingthechargequickly.Ideally,acellphonecouldbefullychargedinonesecond.
POTENTIAL USES OF MICROBATTERIESWiththeirabilitytochargequicklyandholdalotofpower,thesemicrobatteriescouldbeusedinmedicaldevicesandlasersensorswheretheirelectronicsaresmallbuttheirbatteriesarelarge.
“Nowwecanthinkoutsideofthebox,”saidJamesPikul,agraduatestudentwhoworked on the project.“It’s a new enabling technology. It’s not a progressiveimprovement over previous technologies; it breaks the normal paradigms ofenergysources.It’sallowingustododifferent,newthings.”
BOTTLE TOP DISPENSERS
Offering exceptionalvalue, these Bottle TopDispensers are fullyautoclavable and workwith most laboratorybottles. They feature a30mm thread and comecomplete with fiveadditional adapters(sizes 28mm, 32mm,36mm, 36mm, 40mmand 45mm). All wettedparts are made fromPTFE and borosilicateglass for maximumchemical resistance.
Contact Fisher Science Education to order this item andother products from United Scientific Supplies.
Description Cat. No. PriceBottle Top Dispenser, 0.25 to 2.5ml S04616 299.00Bottle Top Dispenser, 0.5 to 5ml S04552 299.00Bottle Top Dispenser, 1.0 to 10ml S04553 299.00Bottle Top Dispenser, 2.5 to 30ml S04554 375.00Bottle Top Dispenser, 5 to 60ml S04555 375.00
Manufactured by:
The
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for A
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The graphic illustrates a high-power battery technology from the University of Illinois. Ions flow between three-dimensional micro-electrodes in a lithium-ion battery.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whatotherdeviceswouldbenefitfromthesemicrobatteries?
• Howwouldthiskindofbatteryaffectothersourcesofenergy,suchassolar?
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 316
introduces the all-new Cxl educational Microscope!
• Efficientopticalandmechanicaldesign
• Ergonomiccontrolspromisecomfortforbothstudentsandprofessorsalike
• BrighthalogenandLEDilluminationoptions
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theCxLcanbebuilttofitbothyourapplicationneedsaswellasyourbudget
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Binocular4Objective,Halogen s96029 735.00
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R
NaSa SpacecRaftS pRepaRe to Study comet flyiNG By maRSBy Robert Marshall, Educator, Carnegie Science Center
AfterthediscoveryofcometC/2013A1bythe20”telescopeoftheSlidingSpringObservatoryearlierthisJanuary,scientistsarepredictingitscloseencounterwiththeredplanetonOctober19,2014.Eachobservationsinceitsdiscoveryhasledtobetterorbitaltrajectories,helpingtodeterminethetime,velocityanddistanceatwhichitwillpass.
RED PLANET SAFE FROM IMPACTOriginalmathematicalcalculationsgaveMarsa1in2,000chanceofimpact.Thoseoddswerehigh.Thoughsuchanimpactwouldonlyexhibitone-thirdtheamountof energyas the theorizeddinosaurextinctioneventonEarth65millionyears
ago,suchaneventwouldchangeMars,aplanetwithmerelyone-tenththemassofEarth.Scientistswouldthenhaveachancetostudyaglobalclimate-changingevent,inreal-time,righthereinourownsolarsystem.Buttoday,oddsofimpacthavebeenreducedto1in120,000.
MARTIAN ENCOUNTERRegardless, thecomet isexpectedtopasswithinapproximately186,000milesofMars,makingthiseventunprecedentedforthenetworkofMartianspacecraft,givingscientistsalookatanotherworldfromanotherworld.OdysseyandMRO(MarsReconnaissanceOrbiter)currentlyorbit theplanet, taking imagesof therusty oxidized surface.Adjusting their pitch so that their instrumentation canbedirectedout toward space couldprovide a solution.But engineers arenotevensureifthisispossible.Additionally,C/2013A1willbebuzzingbyquicklyat125,000mph,presentinganadditionalchallengeforcapturingimages.
However,thesesatellitesdon’toffertheonlychanceforcloseobservation.Fromthe surface,OpportunityorMSL (MarsScienceLaboratory) could lookupandphotograph the comet’s nighttime glow.Thesewheeling spacecraft are almostonoppositesidesoftheplanetfromoneanother,meaningtherotationofMarsduringthecomet’spasswilldeterminewhichrovers—maybeboth—getapeak.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Wheredocometsoriginate?
• WhatotherretiredspacecraftmissionshavebeensenttoMars?Whataboutplannedfuturespacecraft?
www.fisheredu.com Tel. 1-800-955-1177 Fax. 1-800-955-0740 17
the GReeN GeNie iN a BottleBy Mona Simpson
Tiredofrecycling?Noproblem—nowyoujusttossallthoseplasticsodabottlesrightintoyourbackyard.Andthebestthingaboutitisthatyou’llbeapplauded,notscolded.
We can all agree that plastic bottles make everyday life more convenient.Unfortunately, theyalso candamage theenvironment.Butnow there’s awaytheycanimproveit.
A BEAUTIFUL SECOND ACTArchitectMarceloRosenbaum is featuredonBrazilianhomedesign televisionshowHome Sweet Home.Hedevelopedanamazingwaytoupcyclesodabottlesinto an attractive vertical garden. Upcycling is the practice of taking wastematerialsandimprovingtheirusefulnessandvaluetomakeanitemthatisbetterthantheoriginal.
RosenbaumbroughthisuniqueandcreativedesignstothehomeoftheRodriguezfamily:amotherandhertwodaughterswhoarealreadyontheorganicfasttrackbygrowingsomeherbsandvegetablesinupcycledcontainers.Hetransformedtheiroutsidelivingspacewithaverticalgardenmadefromupcycledbottlesandtwine.Hetookhundredsofclean,usedplasticsodabottlesandcutoutasectionineachtocreateaplanter.Hethenstrungthebottlesuphorizontallyonasunnywallthatrunsalongapathwaybythefamilyhome.ThedesignwassoattractiveandpracticalthatRosenbaumreceivedmanyrequestsfortheplans,whicharenowavailableforfree(inPortuguese)onhisdesignfirm’swebsite.
Verticalgardening isaconcept thathasexisted for thousandsofyears. Thereare records of ancient Egyptians using vertical gardens as early as 3000 B.C.The concept has taken on new life and garnered renewed interest recently
with increased environmentalawareness and theadoptionofgreenbuildingpractices.
SMALL SPACE, BIG BENEFITSThere are several benefits ofverticalgardening:
• Gardeners can grow manyplantsinasmallspace
• Diseases and pests can’treachtheplantsaseasily
• The structures to whichvertical gardens are attachedare cooler because of theshade provided by thegarden
• Plasticbottlesarelightweight,makingthegardenalighterloadonthewalltowhichitisattached
• Materials,suchasrecycledbottles,areinexpensive
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howelsecanyouupcycleplasticbottles?
• Whatothermaterialswouldworkwellforupcyclingintoaverticalgarden?
*All H-B Enviro-Safe® thermometers have been certified to meet or exceed independent EnviroKleen standards for product and packaging.
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Oakton® pH EcoTestrs™
Ideal in the classroom and on field trips!
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protects against breakage• More accurate than litmus
paper• Measure pH up to 14.0
with ±0.1 pH accuracy • Waterproof housing –
they even float
Description Cat. no. Price
EcoTestrpH1(notemperaturecompensation andone-pointcalibration)
s90520a 56.45
EcoTestrpH2(autotemperaturecompensationandthree-pointcalibration)
s90521a 70.15
Marcelo Rosenbaum’s
Upcycled Vertical Garden
Close-up of the upcycled bottle
Marcelo R
osenbaum
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 318
GRoWiNG NeW oRGaNSBy Brian Marks
Tissueregeneration—thepracticeofregrowingbodyparts—isamultidisciplinaryfieldinvolvingbiologyandengineeringthatislikelytorevolutionizethehealthandqualityoflifeformillionsofpeopleworldwidebyrestoringtissueandorganfunction.Nowthatnewmethodshavebeendeveloped,thereispotentialthatthistechnologycouldbeusedtotestnewdrugsortogroworgansandhumantissue.
3D PRINTINGBiotechnologyfirmshavestudied3Dprintingtechnologyasapossiblesolutiontotissueregeneration.Intissueengineeringapplications,organsandbodypartsarebuiltusinginkjetcomputer-aidedprinters.Naturalmaterialsareprintedonelayeratatimeuntilaparticular3Dformisachieved.Inthenearfuture,youmaybeabletoinjectlivingcellsintoaprinterandsprayout3Dtissuetodevelopintohumanorgansortissue.
Usinga3Dprinterandinjectionsoflivingcells,scientistshavetakenthefirststeptowardgrowingcustomizednewearsforchildrenbornwithmicrotia(malformedexternalear)orpeoplewho loseone toaccidentordisease.Also, researchershave printed living embryonic stem cells using a printer capable of printingdropletsofcellsgentlyenoughtokeepthecellsaliveandmaintaintheirabilitytodifferentiateintomultiplecelltypes.
ADDITIONAL TISSUE ENGINEERING METHODSInaddition to3Dprinting, scientistshavestudiedmanipulating faint electricalcurrents in the skin that appear to regulate tissue regeneration. By inhibiting
such a current after amputating a salamander’s leg, scientists are abletoshutdowntheprocessofregrowth.Inlightofthisresearch,scientists
are testing electrical fields on human tissue, hoping to enable regenerationwhereitdoesn’tnormallyoccur.Also,acell-basedapproachisbeingattemptedtotransformcellsbacktoprogenitorcells thataresimilar tostemcells inthattheycandifferentiateintoaspecifictypeofcell.It’spossiblethatthesecellscouldbepushed tomultiplyanddifferentiate intocellsneeded togrownewhumanorgansortissue.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howcouldstemcellresearchhelptissueregeneration?
• Whatotherproblemscanwepotentiallysolvebycombiningbiologyandengineering?
THE FUTURE CLASSROOMSTEP INTO
Robotics is the fastest growing industry and mostadvanced technology usedin education and research.The NAO humanoid robot is the ideal platform forteaching or researching inScience and Technology.
By using our NAO roboticsplatform, instructors and researchers stay current with major technical andcommercial breakthroughsin programming and applied research.
Description Cat. No. Price
1-Unit S04626ND 17,400.002-Unit S04627ND 30,000.00
5-Unit S04628ND 62,000.00
MOTIVATE STUDENTS
IMPROVE LEARNING
EFFECTIVENESS
TEACH A JOB-CREATING FIELD
FSE-Aldebaran adr1_Layout 1 6/27/13 1:23 PM Page 1
A rendering of a bioprinter which is a device that will in future
3D print replacement human organs
Chr
isto
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Bar
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1
www.fisheredu.com Tel. 1-800-955-1177 Fax. 1-800-955-0740 19
SoldieRS could commuNicate thRouGh theiR uNifoRmSBy Samba Lampich
Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology(MIT) is not a leader in fashion, butsome of its scientists are turningsoldiers’fatiguesintoquiteastatement.In a joint venture, the U.S.Army andMITareworkingtoweavemicroscopicfiber-optic-like gold threads intouniformsthatwouldenablesoldierstodetectlight,heatandsound.
FIBERS ARE DEVICESThefibersareanentirelynewcommunicationdevice,althoughtheyarecurrentlynot yet able to carry out that function. Unlike other devices, they do not haveany transistors, circuitry or processors. “These are new kinds of fibers that arethemselvesdevices,”saysJohnJoannopoulos,thedirectoroftheInstituteforSoldierNanotechnologies.Thefibersareaboutamillimeterindiameter,whichistoothicktosewintoauniform,andJoannopouloswantstoscaledownto100microns.Theteamplanstotestandrefinetheconceptanddesigninthenext10years.
FROM THE LAB TO THE BATTLEFIELDThetechnologywouldhaveseveralapplicationsthatcouldsavelivesandmakecommunicationeasierandfaster.
The fibers could beused to identify friendly soldiers at night, in the distanceoronsmokyandrapidlychangingbattlefields.Theycouldshinelasersonother
soldiers’uniformsand,iftheywerewearingthesameuniform,thefiberswouldsenseitandsendasignalback.
Theseuniformswouldalsobehelpfultomedicswhocouldidentifyasoldier’swoundsbyexaminingheatpatternsfromthefibersontheuniform.
“Youruniformwouldtransmitthatinformation.Youwouldn’tbetalking,itwouldtransmitinformation:whoyouare,whattimeyouwentdown,wherethewoundsare,whatistheestimatedseverityofthewound,etcetera,”Joannopoulossays.“Theideawiththesefibersisthateventually,we’dliketoenablefull-bodysensingforthesoldier.”
IRONING OUT THE KINKSTheconceptanddesignalsoposesomechallenges.Thefiberscanonlytransmitdatawithina75mdistanceandtheyfunctiononlywheninthelineofsightoftheotheruniformswithfibers.Ifthere’sanobstacle,suchasatreeorstructure,thecommunicationiscompromised.
Thefibersmayeventuallysupplementothercommunicationsmethods,suchasradioandphone,providingoptionsforsoldiersfacingtheunpredictabilityofthebattlefield.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Inwhatotherfields/professionswouldsuchfibersbeuseful?
• Whatwouldbethebenefitsofhavinganon-verbalformofcommunication?
To see more about the probeware system of the future see www.fisheredu.com/neulog.
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 320
a BillBoaRd that maKeS dRiNKaBle WateR out of thiN aiRBy Ashley Peterson
AnewbillboardinLima,Peruisattractingagreatdealofattentionandbringingamessageofhopetoanareathathaslongfacedseriouswaterchallenges.TheUniversity of Engineering and Technology of Peru (UTEC) and an ad agencycalledMayoDraftFCBandcreatedthestructuretoserveasaresourceforresidentsandalsotoinspirewould-beengineerstoapplytotheuniversity.
A TOWN IN DANGER OF RUNNING DRYLima, Peru’s capital, is the fifth largest city in theAmericas and is home to 1.2millionpeople. It’s locatedinatypeofclimateknownasacoastaldesertwheretheannualrainfallislessthananinch.Asaresult,manyresidentshavetogettheirwaterfrompollutedwellsorexpensiveunregulatedprivate-companywatertrucks.
Despite the city’s almost non-existent precipitation, the region experienceshumiditylevelsofupto98%.ThisledUTECresearcherstotryandfindawaytoconvertthehumidairtowater.
UTECandMayoDraftFCBdesignedandlaunchedthefirst-everbillboardabletoharvestandpurifythemoisture-richairintopotabledrinkingwater.
SENDING A POWERFUL MESSAGE AND SOLVING A SERIOUS PROBLEMThebillboardreads,“Abillboardthatproducesdrinkingwaterfromair”andsinceitsinstallation,thestructurehasproducedalmost25gallonsofwateraday.
Thebillboardusesareverseosmosisfiltrationsystemtoconverttheairmoistureintoliquid.Theairgoesthroughanairfilter,condenserandcarbonfilterbefore
ultimately collecting into 20-liter storage tanks. Locals can access the waterthroughafaucetatthebottomofthebillboard.
Thebillboardhasnotonlybecomealocalattraction,buthasalsoquicklybecomeanindispensablepartoflifeintheneighboringvillages.Theconceptmightspreadto other troubled spots around the world as the UN and other internationalleadershaverecentlycalledforgreatersolutionstotheglobalwatercrisis.
Inadditiontoaddressingaseriousenvironmentalissue,themarketingcampaignaims to inspirepotential studentsby illustratinghowengineersandscientistsworktosolvesocialneedsonadailybasisthoughtechnologyandinnovation.
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• HowhasclimatechangeaffectedwatersourcesincoastaldesertareassuchasLima?
• Howdoeslackofaccesstocleanwaterhinderthesocial,economicandhealthygrowthofsocieties?
*The World Food Day Kit requires at least one EarthBox gardening system.
TheEarthBox®gardeningsystem,whenusedwiththeEarthBoxforWorldFoodDayKit,teachesstudentshowtofightworldhunger,wheretheirfoodcomesfrom,andtheimportanceofhealtyeating—allwhileadvancingthestudy of the science behind plants. The EarthBox gardening system andWorldFoodDayKitmakesiteconomical,easyandacademicallyenrichingforaclassroomteachertojointhecampaignandmaketheworldabetterplace—oneclassroomatatime.
Description Cat. no. Price
EarthBoxOrganicReady-To-GrowKit s93901 55.00
EarthBoxforWorldFoodDaykit s04320 53.50
Draftfcb / U
TEC
BioPaddlesareflexible,dual-agarpaddleseachcontainingmicrobe-specificmediaenclosedinasterilevile.Identifyandquantifymicrobesinair,soil,wateroronanysurface!
Norefrigerationrequired,withalongershelflifethantraditionalPetridishes.FreeBioPaddlesColonyIDLiteapphelpstoidentifymicrobesandprovidessupportinginformation.Packed10vialsperbox:
BioPaddles™
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Nutrient/Nutrient S04344SaubouraudDextrose/SaubouraudDextrose S04345TrypticSoy/RoseBengal S04346Nutrient-TTC/MacConkey S04347
www.fisheredu.com Tel. 1-800-955-1177 Fax. 1-800-955-0740 21
Bald eaGleS RetuRN to peNNSylvaNiaBy Samba Lampich
Aftermorethan250yearsofabsence,thebaldeaglehasreturnedtonestalongPittsburgh’sthreerivers.Themajesticbirdofpreywasnearlyextinctbutthankstoanaggressiveprotectionprogram,theirnumbersareontherise.
INDUSTRIALIZATION AS A CULPRITBoomingindustrializationinthe19thcenturyledtolarge-scaledeforestationanddestruction ofmature trees thatwere home to the bald eagles. Pollution fromgrowingindustriesanduseofthepesticideDDTdestroyedriversandthefishthatwerethemainsourceoffoodforthebirds.Allthesefactors—alackofnestingtrees,declineoffoodandtheuseofDDT—leadthenear-extinctionofthebirds.
LONG FLIGHT FROM HOMEBythe1980s,therewerejustthreepairsofeagles’nestsinthenorthwestregionofPennsylvania.InJuneof1983,thePennsylvaniaGameCommissionlaunchedtheBaldEagleRestorationProject.AgroupofGameCommissionemployees,travelled to Laronge, Saskatchewan to capture young bald eagles and bringthembacktoPennsylvania.Theywouldtakesevensuchtrips.Atthattime,theSaskatchewanprovincehadastablebaldeaglepopulation.
A BRIGHTER FUTUREAccording to the Pennsylvania Game Commission, by 1999, 42 active nestsproduced47eagletsandby2010theyhadproducedatleast293.By2012,thereweremorethan200baldeaglenestinglocationsinPennsylvania.Effortstocleanup Pennsylvania’s rivers have been successful and there are pairs of nestingbald eagles along each ofAllegheny County’s three rivers; theMonongahela,AlleghenyandOhio.
ThebaldeagleremainsthreatenedinPennsylvaniaandcontinuestobeprotectedunderstateandfederallaws.
BALD EAGLE FACTS• Bald eaglesbuild the largest nests of anyNorthAmericanbird and canbe
foundnowhereelseintheworld
• Apairofbaldeaglesgenerallymateforlife
• Thebaldeaglewingspanrangesfromfiveandahalftoeightfeet
• Aneaglemayweigheightto12poundsandthefemalesareabout25%larger
• Bothmaleandfemalewillsitonthenesttoprotecttheeggsandyoung,andwilltaketurnsforagingforfood
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Whataresomeetiquetterulesthatshouldbefollowedwhenobservingendangeredspecieslikethebaldeagle?
• Howhavesomeofthefederalandlocallawshelpedwiththerestorationofendangeredspecies?ThinkabouttheCleanWaterActandothers.
Fisher Science Education Products From an ISO 9001 Quality Manufacturer/ISO 17025 Accredited Calibration Laboratory
For customer service, call 1-800-955-1177.To fax an order, use 1-800-955-0740.To order online: www.fisheredu.com
Traceable® to NIST for accuracyTo assure accuracy an individually serial-numbered Traceable® Certifi cate is provided from an ISO 17025 calibration laboratory accredited by A2LA. It indicates traceability to standards provided by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology).
Desktop weather-forecasting• Ideal for recording ambient changes in the classroom lab, monitoring
conditions affecting project analysis, and assisting in the prediction of weather changes
• Adjustable altitude compensation
• Measures barometric pressure and graphically displays the barometric trend and displays temperature and time of day/date
• Forecasting indicators show weather conditions for the next 12-hours using symbols for sunny, cloudy, and rainy
• Barometric range: 23.62 to 31.01 inHg / 800 to 1050 mbar; resolution: 0.063 inHg / 1 mbar; accuracy: ±6 mb (890 to 1020 mb); otherwise ±10 mb
• Size: 7.75 × 2.5 × 3”, weight: 8 oz
NEW Fisherbrand® Traceable® Workstation Barometer with Clock
Description Cat. No. Price
Fisherbrand® Traceable® Workstation Barometer with Clock S04707 48.50
Fisher Science Education Headline Discoveries Sep/Oct 2013; Issue 322
haNd GeStuReS impRove math leaRNiNG By Samba Lampich
Graspingmathematicalconceptsisn’teasyformoststudents,butanewstudyrevealsthatbyusinghandgestures, teachers can boost math learning. Thestudy,published in the journalChild Development,provides some of the strongest evidence yet thatgesturing boosts ability to understand, apply andremembermath.
The study, conducted by Fenn and Ryan Duffy ofMichigan State University and Susan Cook of theUniversity of Iowa, tested 184 second-, third- andfourth-gradersontheirabilitytosolvemathematical
equivalence (i.e., 4+5+7=_+7) which is crucial inlearningalgebra.
Half thestudentswereshownvideosof instructorswavingtheirhandsundereachsideoftheequationtoexplain that theyshouldbeequaland theotherhalf watched speech-only videos of instructorsexplainingthesameconcept.
The students were given a test immediatelyafterward, and those who watched the gesturevideos performed better than those who watchedthe speech-only video. A second test given 24hours latershowedthestudentswhoobservedthegesturesshowedimprovementsandthespeech-onlygroupdidnot.
MAKING MATH MEMORABLE AccordingtoFennandCook,gestureshelpstudentsunderstandthefundamentalconceptoftheequationproblem, regardless of the numbers.The studentsareabletosolvenewproblemswithnewnumbersby applying themathematical concept to the newnumbers.
Thevisualhandgesturesoftenillustrateorreinforceaconceptthatcannotbeeasilyexplainedbyspeechalone;forexample,usingbothhandstodemonstrate
balancewhenteachingequationswherebothsidesshouldbeequal.
But it’snot just theteacher’sgestures thatseemtoboostmathlearning.A2007studybyCookreportedthatthird-graderswhowereaskedtogesturewhilelearning algebra were nearly three times morelikelytorememberwhattheyhadlearnedthanthestudentswhodidn’tgesture.
MASTERING MATH EARLIER IN THE U.S.FennsaysthatteachingmathusinggestureswouldbebeneficialtoU.S.studentswholagbehindotherWestern countries in math. It would help themmasterequivalenceproblemsinearlygrades.
“So if we can help them grasp this foundationalknowledge earlier, it will help them as they learnalgebraandhigherlevelsofmathematics.”
MICROSCOPES & DIGITAL IMAGING PRODUCTSEXCEPTIONAL OPTICS ■ DURABLE CONSTRUCTION ■ INNOVATIVE DESIGNS
Science: Technology:With included Motic imaging
software, you can capture still images and video clips which can be used for further data manipulation, assessment and evaluation.
Engineering: Quality control
Check for corrosion, damage, erosion
Math: Time Lapse Study
Sequencing
Add Swift’s X-Factor to your STEM Classroom!Discover how Swift Microscopes and the new Moticam X
may be used in your STEM classroom.Swift is excited to introduce our new WiFi camera, the Moticam X! With the combination of a Swift microscope and Moticam X imagine the possibilities that can happen in your STEM classroom! Teachers can broadcast from their own microscope to student tablets, smartphones or laptops wirelessly.
Cell Biology andstructure comparisons
Data Collection
Swift M3602C-4 S19617H 499.00Moticam X S02359G 449.00
Description Cat. No. Price
33
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howcangestureshelpstudentslearnothersubjectslikegeography,chemistryorgrammar?
• Whatisthepurposeofgesturing,otherthancommunication?Considerthatblindpeopleandpeopletalkingonthephonegesture.
www.fisheredu.com Tel. 1-800-955-1177 Fax. 1-800-955-0740 23
FISHER SCIENTIFIC
Hotplates and Hotplate/StirrersHeatfrom150°to590°C(302°to1094°F);reachmaximumtemperatureinminutes.• HOt tOP indicator light alerts when top plate is too hot
to touch • Reflectivewhiteceramictopplateresistsalkalisandacids,cleanseasily;dripedgeguardsagainstspills
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Hotplate/stirres• Variableanalogspeedcontrol from100to1200rpm— stirupto0.52gal.(2L)water
• Instant-onat100rpm ensuressmooth,safe low-speedoperation
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Cat. no. Price
s50466CsH $470.00s50462CH $330.00s504631H $338.00
Easy-to-use, sturdy pipettors ready for daily use!
• Color-coded by volume• Precise thumb wheel dispensing & fast release trigger• Easy-to-clean, solvent/acid resistant• Use with glass or plastic pipettes• Value priced
Cat. no. Capacity Price
s90142a 2mL;Blue 26.30
s90142B 10mL;Green 26.60
s90142C 25mL;Red 35.65
fRee Stem ipad appSBy Robert Marshall, Educator, Carnegie Science Center
Schools’ demand for high-tech handhelddevices is at an all-time high. First-generation iPads are significantly lessexpensive than traditional laptops. Andwith more and more of these smartdevices appearing in classrooms, thecustomer-dedicatedteamatFisherScienceEducation took a leap in creating a toolthat is revolutionizing thewayeducatorsinteractwiththeirchemicalsuppliers.
ChemAssist is a free Apple mobileapplicationthatanyonecandownloadanduse to track inventory and convenientlyrestock their Fisher Science Educationchemicals. And along the way, teachersand students will learn the industry’sbest chemical storage practices using astandardizedcolorcoding.
TheiPadcanbeusedforjustaboutevery
subject in the school. As I lead STEMworkshopsforteachersacrossthecountry,I’moften asked,“What educational appsareavailablefortheiPad?”
MUST HAVE FREE IPAD APPSThefollowingismylistfreeiPadappswithbrief descriptions, available in the appstore.
3D Sun
View real solar images and datacaptured from NASA heliophysicsspacecraft
NOVA Elements
Make sure to build atoms with thecorrectnumberofsubatomicparticles
Earth-Now
Visualize continents,oceansand theirdynamicpropertiesinaction
Exoplanet
3DMilkyWay database of confirmedextrasolarplanets
ISS Live!
Manipulatea3Dmodelandfollowtheastronauts’dailyschedule
khan Academy
One-stopshopforeconomics,history,mathematicsandsciencevideos
Mars Globe
Seeadetailedlabeledmapoftheredsurface,includingroverlandingsites
NASA
ExploreNASAmissions,news,videos,launch information and countdownclocks
National Geographic Today
Stunningphotographs,videos,quizzesand articles in a hands-on NationalGeographicportal
Particle Zoo
IfyouhaveeverbeenconfusedaboutQuantum, have a double look here
Simple Physics
Design engineering solutions for aseriesofprojectswhilestayingunderbudget
SkyWeek
Learnwhatcelestialobjectsandspecialeventsarevisibleintonight’ssky
CLASSROOM DISCUSSION• Howcouldyouintegrateanyoftheseappsintosomethingyou’relearningrightnow?
• WhatisCitizenScience?CanyoufindotherCitizenScienceappsavailableontheiPad?
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