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iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 (February 10, 2017) Applications Processor Flash Memory Gyroscope QFN Printed Circuit Board (PCB) 1

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Page 1: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2(February 10, 2017)

• Applications Processor• Flash Memory• Gyroscope• QFN• Printed Circuit Board (PCB)

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Page 2: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

iPhone 2

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Page 3: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Front Side of the Motherboard for 

iPhone 4

3http://i.cmpnet.com/eetimes/eedesign/2010/062410_mainboard_s1.jpg

Page 4: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Backside of the Motherboard

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Page 5: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

A4 Processor

• ARM Cortex‐A9 MPCore i.e. Multi‐Processing Core.• The processor die in the A4 is 7.3 mm on each side. • A4 runs at 1GHz. • Package‐on‐package technology.

• Two layers of RAM (Samsung K4X1G323PE), and one layer containing the actual microprocessor.

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iPhone 2 Processor

Page 6: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 7: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Processor for iPhone 4 and 2

• 1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2.• Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but …

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iPhone 2

iPhone 4

Page 8: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 9: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

EDGE MCP

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Page 10: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Flash Memory (iPhone 2)

• 32Gbit 65nm MLC NANDFlash (4 GB model)

• K9MCG08U5M‐PCB0/PIB0 : Two K9HBG08U0M package stacked 48 ‐ Pin TSOP (THIN SMALL OUT‐LINE PACKAGE) I (12 x 20 / 0.5 mm pitch) : Pb‐FREE PACKAGE

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Page 11: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Flash Memory (32‐GB)• Samsung K9PFG08• The package, including substrate, is ~0.93 mm thick, 

• 3‐D packaging with 8 chips stacked; the die stack is ~670 µm high. 

• Die thicknesses vary from 55 – 70 µm, with the thickest die at the bottom. 

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Page 12: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Flash Memory for iPhone 4 and 2

• 32GB for iPhone 4 and 4GB for iPhone 2• Die stacking for iPhone 4 and package‐on‐package for iPhone 2.

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iPhone 4

iPhone 2

Page 13: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Gyroscope for iPhone 4• ST Microelectronics L3G4200D digital 3‐axis gyroscope used to measure angularvelocities. 

• Land grid array (LGA), i.e.ball grid array (BGA) package.

• Three different user selectable full scales (±250/±500/±2000 dps). It includes a sensing element and an IC interface able to provide the detected angular rate to the external world through a digital interface (I2C/SPI). 

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Page 14: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Gyroscope for iPhone 4 and 2

• iPhone 2 hadno gyroscope.

• ST Microelectronicsmade accelerometers for iPhone 4 and 2 and gyroscope for iPhone 4.

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Page 15: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

PCB for iPhone 4

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Page 16: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

PCB for iPhone 4 and 2• 10 layers for iPhone 4 and 6 layers for iPhone 2.

• One PCB for iPhone 4 and two nested PCBs for iPhone 2.

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iPhone 2

iPhone 4

Page 17: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 18: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 19: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Quad Flat No Leads (QFN)

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Page 20: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Power Amplifier iPhone 2

• SKY77340 PAM– Quad band-GSM850/900, DCS1800,

PCS1900, supporting GMSK and linear EDGE modulation,

– InGaP die, the silicon die, and the passive components are mounted on a multi layer laminate substrate and the assembly is encapsulated with plastic overmold.

– MCM-L package

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Page 21: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

13 x 13 mm, 40‐Pad MCM‐L Integrated Module

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Page 22: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Power Amplifier5 power amplifiersGSM/GPRS/EDGE power amplifier

• Skyworks SKY77541 GSM/GRPS Front End Module• Skyworks SKY77459-17 Transmit Module

Single-Band WCDMA/HSPA PAM + Duplexer• Skyworks SKY77452-20 Transmit Module Single-Band WCDMA/HSPA

PAM + Duplexer• TriQuint TQM676091 Transmit Module Single-Band WCDMA/HSPA

PAM + Duplexer• TriQuint TQM666092 Transmit Module Single-Band WCDMA/HSPA

PAM + BAW Duplexer• Packaging-Very hard to find, but possibly MCM

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Page 23: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

iPhone 4 Power Amplifier

• TriQuint TQM676091 & TQM676092 and Skyworks SKY77452(x2) are the four power amplifiers the iPhone 4 uses for amplifying GSM or CDMA signals(depending on provider).

• Two different cellular model providers:– GSM model(AT&T): Quad‐band GSM/GPRS/EDGE (800 850 900 1800 1900 MHz) Quad‐band UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA (800 850 900 1900 2100 MHz) 

– CDMA model(Verizon): Dual‐band CDMA/EV‐DO Rev. A (800 1900 MHz)

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Page 24: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

…vs. iPhone 2g Power Amplifier

• The iPhone 2g’s power amplifier (SKY77340 PAM) was only used to amplify the Quad‐band GSM/GPRS/EDGE (850 900 1800 1900 MHz) signals, which limited its usability across the world (and was limited to only one carrier in the US, AT&T).

• The plus side of this limited cellular range is that there was only one amplifier needed in the iPhone 2g’s construction, where there are four in the new version.

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Page 25: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Baseband Chip –iPhone 2

• C E N T E R E D A R O U N D the powerful ARM®926 CPU, S‐GOLD2TM provides the horsepower needed for power‐greedy software applications. Additionally it hosts on‐chip hardware for the latest multimedia features, such as high‐resolution display interface, dedicated camera interface, hardware support for MPEG4/H.263 encoding, Java hardware accelerator, and a large number of connectivity peripherals. MMS for still picture and video, 3D gaming, Java applications, 3GPP compliant video streaming are just a few of the latest applications that are easily supported with S‐GOLD2TM.

• SG‐LF2BGA‐293 ; BGA 293 solder bumps.• The ARM is a 32‐bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) 

instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by ARM Holdings. 

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Page 26: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 27: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

• The Qualcomm MDM6600 baseband chip can support both CDMA and GSM networks, which means that you can switch between CDMA and GSM networks as if your mobile device is using this chip. 

• MDM6600™: supports HSPA+ data rates of up to 14.4 Mbps and CDMA2000® 1xEV‐DO Rev. A/Rev. B

• The Qualcomm MDM6600 is a dual‐chip MCP with separate RF and logic dies inside.

• “This is the device in the iPhone that manages all the functions which require an antenna. The baseband processor has its own RAM and firmware in NOR flash, separate from the ARM core resources. The baseband is a resource to the OS. The Wi‐Fi and Bluetooth are managed by the main CPU, although the baseband stores their MAC addresses in its NVRAM.”

Baseband Chip – iPhone 4

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Page 28: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Baseband Chip‐Compare to iPhone2

• The iPhone 4 has improved the CDMA in the communication chip.  They abandoned Infineon chips and are now using Qualcomm chips instead. 

• Qualcomm MDM6600 is faster and can support HSPA+ data transferring. 

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Page 29: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 30: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

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Page 31: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Touch Screen Controller for iPhone 4• Texas Instruments F761586C. • All‐in‐one chip. • 3 x 3 mm die, with circuitry going across 

six metal layers. • The device functions by measuring the 

changes in an electrical charge on the touch screen (in a grid‐array), 

• Need both the analog circuitry to drive the grids on the screen and the digital logic to quickly interpret them. This chip features close to 50% digital circuitry in the form of logic and memory.

• QFN package with 48 solder pads.31

Illustration of a QFN

Page 32: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Touch Screen Controller for iPhone 4 and 2

• TI controller (all‐in‐one chip) for iPhone 4 and NXP (Philips) LPC2221 for iPhone 2. 

• QFN with 48 solder pads for iPhone 4 and plastic low profile quad flat package with 144 leads for iPhone 2.

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iPhone 2iPhone 4Note: # of padsshould be 48.

Page 33: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

iPhone 4 (Verizon version) uses a linear oscillating vibrator which has a softer smoother feel to the alert than the rotational vibrators

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Page 34: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

Bulky and consumes a lot of power

Compact and doesn’t consumer as much power as the rotational version

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Page 35: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

STMicro LIS331HH

The STMicro LIS331DH functions as themotion sensor in the iPhone 4. It is a 16‐pad QFN package that runs at a low 1.8V and 10 µA. It also has dynamically selectable scales of ±6g/±12g/±24g andcan output data at rates between 0.5 Hzand 1 kHz. Users with fragile hands can 

rejoice too – the chip has a 10,000g shock survivability.

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Page 36: iPhone 4 vs. iPhone 2 - Home | University of Colorado … for iPhone 4 and 2 •1 GHz for iPhone 4 and 620MHz for iPhone 2. •Package‐on‐package for both iPhones, but … 7

STMicro LIS331HH (iPhone 4) vs. LIS302DL (iPhone 2)

With a ±6g/±12g/±24g sensing range, the LIS331HH has a wider motion sensing range than its predecessor, making it ideal for some of the more motion‐intensive applications users of the iPhone 4 may desire. Additionally, the 1kHz maximum output data rate means the chip is much faster than its predecessor, and it thus can more efficiently process motion without requiring a significant amount of battery power.

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