ipl cases trademark

7/25/2019 IPL Cases Trademark

1/19

TAIWAN KOLIN CORPORATION, LTD., Petitioner, v. KOLIN ELECTRONICS CO., INC., Respondent.

D E C I S I O N

VELASCO JR., J.:

Nature of the Case

Beore t!e Co"rt is # petition or revie$ "nder R"%e &' o t!e R"%es o Co"rt interposed () petitioner T#i$#n Ko%in

Corpor#tion, Ltd. *T#i$#n Ko%in+, #ss#i%in t!e Apri% -, /0- De1ision0o t!e Co"rt o Appe#%s *CA+ in CA23.R. SP No.

0//'4' #nd its s"(se5"ent Nove6(er 4, /0- Reso%"tion./T!e #ss#i%ed iss"#n1es ee1tive%) denied petitioner7s

tr#de6#r8 #pp%i1#tion or t!e "se o 9KOLIN on its te%evision #nd DVD p%#)ers. 1!#nro(%esvirt"#%%#$%i(r#r)

The Facts

On ;e(r"#r) /e1t o # prior %e#% disp"te (et$een

t!e p#rties in Inter P#rtes C#se No. 0&20


2/19

KOLIN., LTD. on ;e(r"#r) /


3/19

SO ORDERED.1r#%#$%#$%i(r#r)

Petitioner 6oved or re1onsider#tion on%) to (e denied () t!e CA t!ro"! its e5"#%%) #ss#i%ed Nove6(er 4, /0-

Reso%"tion. =en1e, t!e inst#nt re1o"rse. 1!#nro(%esvirt"#%%#$%i(r#r)

The Issue

T!e pri6ordi#% iss"e to (e reso%ved (oi%s do$n to $!et!er or not petitioner is entit%ed to its tr#de6#r8 reistr#tion o

9KOLIN over its spe1ii1 oods o te%evision sets #nd DVD p%#)ers. Petitioner post"%#tes, in t!e 6#in, t!#t its oods #re

not 1%ose%) re%#ted to t!ose o Ko%in E%e1troni1s. On t!e ot!er !#nd, respondent !ines its 1#se on t!e CA7s indins t!#t

its #nd petitioner7s prod"1ts #re 1%ose%)2re%#ted. T!"s, r#ntin petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion or tr#de6#r8 reistr#tion,

#11ordin to respondent, $o"%d 1#"se 1on"sion #s to t!e p"(%i1.

T!e Co"rt7s R"%in

T!e petition is i6pressed $it! 6erit.

I)entical *ar+s *a, e registere) for

$ro)ucts fro* the sa*e classification

To (o%ster its opposition ##inst petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion to reister tr#de6#r8 9KOLIN, respondent 6#int#ins t!#t t!e

e%e6ent o 6#r8 identit) #r"es ##inst #pprov#% o s"1! #pp%i1#tion,5"otin t!e BLA IPO7s r"%in in t!is re#rd:/01r#%#$red

Ind"(it#(%), Respondent2App%i1#nt7s F!erein petitionerG 6#r8 is identi1#% to t!e reistered 6#r8 o !ereinOpposer F!erein respondentG #nd t!e identi1#% 6#r8 is "sed on oods (e%onin to C%#ss < to $!i1!Opposer7s oods #re #%so 1%#ssiied. On t!is point #%one, Respondent2App%i1#nt7s #pp%i1#tion s!o"%d#%re#d) (e denied. 1r#%#$%#$%i(r#r)

T!e #r"6ent is spe1io"s.

T!e p#rties #d6it t!#t t!eir respe1tive sets o oods (e%on to C%#ss < o t!e NCL, $!i1! in1%"des t!e o%%o$in://1r#%#$red

Class .

S1ientii1, n#"ti1#%, s"rve)in, p!otor#p!i1, 1ine6#tor#p!i1, opti1#%, $ei!in, 6e#s"rin, sin#%%in,1!e18in *s"pervision+, %ie2s#vin #nd te#1!in #pp#r#t"s #nd instr"6ents #pp#r#t"s #nd instr"6entsor 1ond"1tin, s$it1!in, tr#nsor6in, #11"6"%#tin, re"%#tin or 1ontro%%in e%e1tri1it) #pp#r#t"s orre1ordin, tr#ns6ission or reprod"1tion o so"nd or i6#es 6#neti1 d#t# 1#rriers, re1ordin dis1s1o6p#1t dis1s, DVDs #nd ot!er diit#% re1ordin 6edi# 6e1!#nis6s or 1oin2oper#ted #pp#r#t"s 1#s!reisters, 1#%1"%#tin 6#1!ines, d#t# pro1essin e5"ip6ent, 1o6p"ters 1o6p"ter sot$#re ire2etin"is!in #pp#r#t"s.1r#%#$%#$%i(r#r)

B"t 6ere "nior6it) in 1#teoriH#tion, () itse%, does not #"to6#ti1#%%) pre1%"de t!e reistr#tion o $!#t #ppe#rs to (e

#n identi1#% 6#r8, i t!#t (e t!e 1#se. In #1t, t!is Co"rt, in # %on %ine o 1#ses,!#s !e%d t!#t s"1! 1ir1"6st#n1e does

not ne1ess#ri%) res"%t in #n) tr#de6#r8 inrine6ent. T!e s"rve) o >"rispr"den1e 1ited in i!t) Corpor#tion v. E. J

3#%%o Winer)/-is en%i!tenin on t!is point:1!#nRo(%esvirt"#%L#$%i(r#r)

*#+ inAcoje Mining Co., Inc. vs. Director of Patents,/&$e ordered t!e #pprov#% oA1o>e inin7s #pp%i1#tion or reistr#tion o t!e tr#de6#r8 LOTS or its so)s#"1e even t!o"! P!i%ippine Reinin Co6p#n) !#d prior reistr#tion #nd"se o s"1! identi1#% 6#r8 or its edi(%e oi% $!i1!, %i8e so) s#"1e, #%so(e%oned to C%#ss &

*(+ in Philippine Refining Co., Inc. vs. Ng Sam and Director of Patents,/'$e


4/19

"p!e%d t!e P#tent Dire1tor7s reistr#tion o t!e s#6e tr#de6#r8 CAIA or NS#67s !#6 "nder C%#ss &, despite P!i%ippine Reinin Co6p#n)7s priortr#de6#r8 reistr#tion #nd #1t"#% "se o s"1! 6#r8 on its %#rd, ("tter,1oo8in oi% *#%% o $!i1! (e%oned to C%#ss &+, #(r#sive deterents, po%is!in6#teri#%s #nd so#ps

*1+ in Hico Man!fact!ring Co., Inc. vs. Co!rt of Appeals and Santos "im #!n"iong,/4$e dis6issed =i18o87s petition to 1#n1e% priv#te respondent7s =ICKOKtr#de6#r8 reistr#tion or its #ri8in# s!oes #s ##inst petitioner7s e#r%ierreistr#tion o t!e s#6e tr#de6#r8 or !#nd8er1!ies, (ries, (e%ts #nd$#%%ets.

1r#%#$%#$%i(r#r)

Veri%), $!et!er or not t!e prod"1ts 1overed () t!e tr#de6#r8 so"!t to (e reistered () T#i$#n Ko%in, on t!e one

!#nd, #nd t!ose 1overed () t!e prior iss"ed 1ertii1#te o reistr#tion in #vor o Ko%in E%e1troni1s, on t!e ot!er, #%%

"nder t!e s#6e 1#teories in t!e NCL is not t!e so%e #nd de1isive #1tor in deter6inin # possi(%e vio%#tion o Ko%in

E%e1troni1s7 inte%%e1t"#% propert) ri!t s!o"%d petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion (e r#nted. It is !orn(oo8 do1trine, #s !e%d in t!e

#(ove21ited 1#ses, t!#t e6p!#sis s!o"%d (e on t!e si6i%#rit) o t!e prod"1ts invo%ved #nd not on t!e #r(itr#r)

1%#ssii1#tion or ener#% des1ription o t!eir properties or 1!#r#1teristi1s. T!e 6ere #1t t!#t one person !#s #dopted

#nd "sed # tr#de6#r8 on !is oods $o"%d not, $it!o"t 6ore, prevent t!e #doption #nd "se o t!e s#6e tr#de6#r8 ()

ot!ers on "nre%#ted #rti1%es o # dierent 8ind./1r#%#$red

The CA erre) in )en,ing $etitioner/s

registration a$$lication

Respondent net p#r%#)s t!e ide# o re%#tion (et$een prod"1ts #s # #1tor 6i%it#tin ##inst petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion.

Citin Esso St#nd#rd E#stern, In1. v. Co"rt o Appe#%s,/@respondent #r"es t!#t t!e oods 1overed () petitioner7s

#pp%i1#tion #nd t!ose 1overed () its reistr#tion #re #1t"#%%) re%#ted (e%onin #s t!e) do to t!e s#6e 1%#ss or !#ve

t!e s#6e p!)si1#% 1!#r#1teristi1s $it! reeren1e to t!eir or6, 1o6position, tet"re, or 5"#%it), or i t!e) serve t!e

s#6e p"rpose. Respondent %i8e$ise dr#$s p#r#%%e%is6s (et$een t!e present 1ontrovers) #nd t!e o%%o$in 1#ses:/


5/19

e1!oes t!e #ppe%%#te 1o"rt7s r#tio1in#tion in den)in petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion, viH:-41r#%#$red

Sinii1#nt%), Ko%in E%e1troni1s7 oods *#"to6#ti1 vo%t#e re"%#tor 1onverter re1!#rer stereo (oosterAC2DC re"%#ted po$er s"pp%) step2do$n tr#nsor6er #nd PA #6p%iied AC2DC+ #nd T#i$#n Ko%in7ste%evision sets #nd DVD p%#)ers #re (ot! 1%#ssiied "nder 1%#ss < o t!e NICE #ree6ent. At irst %#n1e, itis #%so evident t!#t #%% t!ese oods #re ener#%%) des1ri(ed #s e%e1tri1#% devi1es. FTG!e oods o (ot!Ko%in E%e1troni1s #nd T#i$#n Ko%in $i%% inevit#(%) (e introd"1ed to t!e p"(%i1 #s 9KOLIN prod"1ts #nd $i%%(e oered or s#%e in t!e s#6e 1!#nne%s o tr#de. Contr#r) to T#i$#n Ko%in7s 1%#i6, po$er s"pp%) #s $e%%#s #"dio #nd stereo e5"ip6ent %i8e (ooster #nd #6p%iier #re not on%) so%d in !#rd$#re #nd e%e1tri1#%

s!ops. T!ese prod"1ts #re 1o66on%) o"nd in #pp%i#n1e stores #%onside te%evision sets #nd DVD p%#)ers.Wit! t!e present trend in tod#)7s entert#in6ent o !#vin # !o6e t!e#ter s)ste6, it is not "n%i8e%) to see# stereo (ooster, #6p%iier #nd #"to6#ti1 vo%t#e re"%#tor disp%#)ed toet!er $it! t!e te%evision sets#nd DVD p%#)ers. Wit! t!e intert$ined "se o t!ese prod"1ts (e#rin t!e identi1#% 9KOLIN 6#r8, t!eordin#r) inte%%ient 1ons"6er $o"%d %i8e%) #ss"6e t!#t t!e) #re prod"1ed () t!e s#6e 6#n"#1t"rer.

In su*0 the intert1ine) use0 the sa*e classification of the $ro)ucts as class . un)er the NICEAgree*ent0 an) the fact that the, generall, flo1 through the sa*e channel of tra)e clearl,

estalish that Tai1an olin/s tele2ision sets an) D(D $la,ers are closel, relate) to olinElectronics/ goo)s. As 1orre1t%) pointed o"t () t!e BLA2IPO, #%%o$in Tai1an olin/s registration1oul) onl, confuse consu*ers#s to t!e oriin o t!e prod"1ts t!e) intend to p"r1!#se. A11ordin%),prote1tion s!o"%d (e #orded to Ko%in E%e1troni1s, #s t!e reistered o$ner o t!e 9KOLIN

tr#de6#r8.-*e6p!#sis #dded+1r#%#$%#$%i(r#r)

T!e CA7s #ppro#1! #nd re#sonin to #rrive #t t!e #ss#i%ed !o%din t!#t t!e #pprov#% o petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion is %i8e%)

to 1#"se 1on"sion or de1eive #i% to pers"#de.

The $ro)ucts co2ere) , $etitioner/s

a$$lication an) res$on)ent/s

registration are unrelate)

A 1ertii1#te o tr#de6#r8 reistr#tion 1oners "pon t!e tr#de6#r8 o$ner t!e e1%"sive ri!t to s"e t!ose $!o !#ve

#dopted # si6i%#r 6#r8 not on%) in 1onne1tion $it! t!e oods or servi1es spe1iied in t!e 1ertii1#te, ("t #%so $it! t!ose

t!#t #re re%#ted t!ereto.-@1r#%#$red

In reso%vin one o t!e pivot#% iss"es in t!is 1#se$!et!er or not t!e prod"1ts o t!e p#rties invo%ved #re re%#tedt!e

do1trine in i!t) Corpor#tion is #"t!orit#tive. T!ere, t!e Co"rt !e%d t!#t t!e oods s!o"%d (e tested ##inst sever#%

#1tors (eore #rrivin #t # so"nd 1on1%"sion on t!e 5"estion o re%#tedness. A6on t!ese #re:1!#nRo(%esvirt"#%L#$%i(r#r)

*#+ t!e ("siness *#nd its %o1#tion+ to $!i1! t!e oods (e%on*(+ t!e 1%#ss o prod"1t to $!i1! t!e oods (e%on*1+ t!e prod"1t7s 5"#%it), 5"#ntit), or siHe, in1%"din t!e n#t"re o t!e p#18#e, $r#pper or 1ont#iner*d+ t!e n#t"re #nd 1ost o t!e #rti1%es*e+ t!e des1riptive properties, p!)si1#% #ttri("tes or essenti#% 1!#r#1teristi1s $it! reeren1e to t!eir or6,1o6position, tet"re or 5"#%it)*+ t!e p"rpose o t!e oods*+ $!et!er t!e #rti1%e is (o"!t or i66edi#te 1ons"6ption, t!#t is, d#)2to2d#) !o"se!o%d ite6s*!+ t!e ie%ds o 6#n"#1t"re*i+ t!e 1onditions "nder $!i1! t!e #rti1%e is "s"#%%) p"r1!#sed #nd*>+ t!e 1!#nne%s o tr#de t!ro"! $!i1! t!e oods %o$, !o$ t!e) #re distri("ted, 6#r8eted, disp%#)ed

#nd so%d.-


6/19

1. T#i$#n Ko%in se%%s #nd distri("tes its v#rio"s !o6e #pp%i#n1e prod"1ts on $!o%es#%e #nd to #11redited de#%ers,

$!ere#s Ko%in E%e1troni1s7 oods #re so%d #nd %o$ t!ro"! e%e1tri1#% #nd !#rd$#re stores.

C%e#r%) t!en, it $#s erroneo"s or respondent to #ss"6e over t!e CA to 1on1%"de t!#t #%% e%e1troni1 prod"1ts #re re%#ted

#nd t!#t t!e 1over#e o one e%e1troni1 prod"1t ne1ess#ri%) pre1%"des t!e reistr#tion o # si6i%#r 6#r8 over #not!er.

In t!is diit#% #e $!erein e%e1troni1 prod"1ts !#ve not on%) diversiied () %e#ps #nd (o"nds, #nd #re e#red to$#rds

interoper#(i%it), it is dii1"%t to #ssert re#di%), #s respondent si6p%isti1#%%) did, t!#t #%% devi1es t!#t re5"ire p%"in

into so18ets #re ne1ess#ri%) re%#ted oods.

It (e#rs to stress #t t!is point t!#t t!e %ist o prod"1ts in1%"ded in C%#ss


7/19

e6piri1#% eperien1e, t!e "se"% %ives o te%evisions #nd DVD p%#)ers %#st or #(o"t ive *'+ )e#rs, 6ini6"6, 6#8in

rep%#1e6ent p"r1!#ses ver) inre5"ent. T!e s#6e oes tr"e $it! 1onverters #nd re"%#tors t!#t #re se%do6 rep%#1ed

despite t!e #15"isition o ne$ e5"ip6ent to (e p%"ed onto it. In #ddition, t!e #6o"nt t!e (")er $o"%d (e p#rtin

$it! 1#nnot (e dee6ed 6ini6#% 1onsiderin t!#t t!e pri1e o te%evisions or DVD p%#)ers 1#n e1eed tod#)7s 6ont!%)

6ini6"6 $#e.In %i!t o t!ese 1ir1"6st#n1es, it is t!en epe1ted t!#t t!e ordin#r) inte%%ient (")er $o"%d (e 6ore

dis1ernin $!en it 1o6es to de1idin $!i1! e%e1troni1 prod"1t t!e) #re oin to p"r1!#se, #nd it is t!is st#nd#rd $!i1!

t!is Co"rt #pp%ies !ere in in deter6inin t!e %i8e%i!ood o 1on"sion s!o"%d petitioner7s #pp%i1#tion (e r#nted.

To (e s"re, t!e et#nt 1#se is re6inis1ent o E6er#%d 3#r6ent #n"#1t"rin Corpor#tion v. Co"rt o

Appe#%s,&


8/19

t!e) !#ve over%oo8ed, 6is#ppre!ended, or 6is#pp%ied #n) #1t or 1ir1"6st#n1e o $ei!t #nd s"(st#n1e. '&So it 6"st

(e !ere t!e n#t"re o t!e prod"1ts invo%ved 6#teri#%%) #e1ts t!e o"t1o6e o t!e inst#nt 1#se. A revers#% o t!e

#ppe%%#te 1o"rt7s De1ision is t!en in order.

%&EREFORE, in vie$ o t!e oreoin, t!e petition is !ere() #RANTED. T!e De1ision #nd t!e Reso%"tion o t!e Co"rt

o Appe#%s in CA23.R. SP No. 0//'4', d#ted Apri% -, /0- #nd Nove6(er 4, /0-, respe1tive%), #re

!ere() RE(ERSED#nd SET ASIDE. A11ordin%), t!e De1ision o t!e Inte%%e1t"#% Propert) Oi1e Dire1tor 3ener#% in

Inter P#rtes C#se No. 0&2/42


9/19

0-Id. #t '0.

0&Id. #t 0-'20-.

0'Id. #t 4&20. Penned () Dire1tor 3ener#% Ri1#rdo R. B%#n1#%or.

04Id. #t .

0

Id. #t ''.

0@Citin 1Don#%d7s Corpor#tionv. L.C. Bi #8 B"rer, In1., 3.R. No. 0&-


10/19

ee6p%#r) d#6#es *d+ P0,. #s #ttorne)7s ees #nd *e+ 1osts o s"it."d6ent or t!e #ppe%%#te 1o"rt7s 6is#ppre!ension o t!e #dd"1ed #1ts.041r#%#$red

Co, $!o 6#in%) interposes # deni#% o t!e #1ts i6p"ted ##inst !i6, #i%s to 1onvin1e t!e Co"rt t!#t #n) o t!e

e1eptions eists so #s to $#rr#nt # revie$ o t!e indins o #1ts in t!is 1#se. ;#1t"#% indins o t!e RTC, $!en

#ir6ed () t!e CA, #re entit%ed to re#t $ei!t #nd respe1t () t!e Co"rt #nd #re dee6ed in#% #nd 1on1%"sive $!en

s"pported () t!e eviden1e on re1ord.0T!e Co"rt inds t!#t (ot! t!e RTC #nd t!e CA "%%) 1onsidered t!e eviden1e

presented () t!e p#rties, #nd !#ve #de5"#te%) ep%#ined t!e %e#% #nd evidenti#r) re#sons in 1on1%"din t!#t Co

1o66itted #1ts o "n#ir 1o6petition.

n#ir 1o6petition is deined #s t!e p#ssin o *or p#%6in o+ or #tte6ptin to p#ss o "pon t!e p"(%i1 o t!e oods

or ("siness o one person #s t!e oods or ("siness o #not!er $it! t!e end #nd pro(#(%e ee1t o de1eivin t!e p"(%i1.

T!is t#8es p%#1e $!ere t!e deend#nt ives !is oods t!e ener#% #ppe#r#n1e o t!e oods o !is 1o6petitor $it! t!e

intention o de1eivin t!e p"(%i1 t!#t t!e oods #re t!ose o !is 1o6petitor.0@1r#%#$red

=ere, it !#s (een est#(%is!ed t!#t Co 1onspired $it! t!e L#"s in t!e s#%e?distri("tion o 1o"ntereit 3reenstone

prod"1ts to t!e p"(%i1, $!i1! $ere even p#18#ed in (ott%es identi1#% to t!#t o t!e oriin#%, t!ere() ivin rise to t!e

pres"6ption o r#"d"%ent intent.0


11/19

1!#re o tr#de6#r8 inrine6ent 1onsiderin t!#t t!e reistr#tion o t!e tr#de6#r8 93reenstone essenti#% #s it is in

# tr#de6#r8 inrine6ent 1#se $#s not proven to !#ve eisted d"rin t!e ti6e t!e #1ts 1o6p%#ined o $ere

1o66itted, i.e., in #) /.In t!is re%#tion, t!e distin1tions (et$een s"its or tr#de6#r8 inrine6ent #nd "n#ir

1o6petition prove "se"%: *a+ t!e or6er is t!e "n#"t!oriHed "se o # tr#de6#r8, $!ere#s t!e %#tter is t!e p#ssin o

o one7s oods #s t!ose o #not!er *)+ r#"d"%ent intent is "nne1ess#r) in t!e or6er, $!i%e it is essenti#% in t!e %#tter

#nd *c+ in t!e or6er, prior reistr#tion o t!e tr#de6#r8 is # pre2re5"isite to t!e #1tion, $!i%e it is not ne1ess#r) in t!e

%#tter./01r#%#$red

W=ERE;ORE, t!e petition is DENIED. T!e De1ision d#ted Septe6(er 04, /0- #nd t!e Reso%"tion d#ted #) /#6 #ndRo6eo ;. B#rH#, 1on1"rrin.

-Id. #t '2'@. Penned () Asso1i#te J"sti1e R#6on A. Cr"H $it! Asso1i#te J"sti1es Noe% 3. Ti>#6 #ndSo1orro B. Intin, 1on1"rrin.

&Id. #t '2@. Penned () Presidin J"de Re)n#%do B. D#$#).

'Id. #t -.

4

See id. #t -2-@.

See id. #t -@2-


12/19

0 CORPORATION ?FOR@ERL> T&E S&AN# #RAND TO%ER CORPORATION AND

S&AN# PROPERTIES0 INC' ?FOR@ERL> EDSA PROPERTIES &OLDIN#S0 INC'0 Petitioners0 2' ST' FRANCIS

DE(ELOP@ENT CORPORATION0 Res$on)ent'

D E C I S I O N

PERLAS2BERNABE, J.:

Ass#i%ed in t!is petition or revie$ on certiorari0is t!e De1ision/d#ted De1e6(er 0@, /< o t!e Co"rt o Appe#%s *CA+

in CA23.R. SP No. 0'&/' $!i1! #ir6ed $it! 6odii1#tion t!e De1ision -d#ted Septe6(er -, /@ o t!e Inte%%e1t"#%

Propert) Oi1e *IPO+ Dire1tor23ener#%. T!e CA: *a+ #ir6ed t!e deni#% o t!e #pp%i1#tion or reistr#tion o t!e 6#r8

9ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS i%ed () petitioners S!#n Properties Re#%t) Corpor#tion #nd S!#n Properties, In1.

*petitioners+ *)+ o"nd petitioners to !#ve 1o66itted "n#ir 1o6petition or "sin t!e 6#r8s 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS

TOWERS #nd 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE *c+ ordered petitioners to 1e#se #nd desist ro6 "sin 9ST.

;RANCIS sin%) or #s p#rt o # 1o6posite 6#r8 #nd *d+ ordered petitioners to >oint%) #nd sever#%%) p#) respondent

St. ;r#n1is S5"#re Deve%op6ent Corpor#tion *respondent+ # ine in t!e #6o"nt o /,..

The Facts

Respondent # do6esti1 1orpor#tion en#ed in t!e re#% est#te ("siness #nd t!e deve%oper o t!e St. ;r#n1is S5"#re

Co66er1i#% Center, ("i%t so6eti6e in 0


13/19

In its 1o6p%#ints, respondent #%%eed t!#t it !#s "sed t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS to identi) its n"6ero"s propert)

deve%op6ent pro>e1ts %o1#ted #t Orti#s Center, s"1! #s t!e #ore6entioned St. ;r#n1is S5"#re Co66er1i#% Center, #

s!oppin 6#%% 1#%%ed t!e 9St. ;r#n1is S5"#re, #nd # 6ied2"se re#%t) pro>e1t p%#n t!#t in1%"des t!e St. ;r#n1is To$ers.

Respondent #dded t!#t #s # res"%t o its 1ontin"o"s "se o t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS in its re#% est#te ("siness, it !#s

#ined s"(st#nti#% ood$i%% $it! t!e p"(%i1 t!#t 1ons"6ers #nd tr#ders 1%ose%) identi) t!e s#id 6#r8 $it! its propert)

deve%op6ent pro>e1ts. A11ordin%), respondent 1%#i6ed t!#t petitioners 1o"%d not !#ve t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS

TOWERS reistered in t!eir n#6es, #nd t!#t petitioners7 "se o t!e 6#r8s 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS #nd 9T=E ST.

;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE in t!eir o$n re#% est#te deve%op6ent pro>e1ts 1onstit"tes "n#ir 1o6petition #s $e%% #s

#%se or r#"d"%ent de1%#r#tion.4

Petitioners denied 1o66ittin "n#ir 1o6petition #nd #%se or r#"d"%ent de1%#r#tion, 6#int#inin t!#t t!e) 1o"%d

reister t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS #nd 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE "nder t!eir n#6es. T!e)

1ontended t!#t respondent is (#rred ro6 1%#i6in o$ners!ip #nd e1%"sive "se o t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS (e1#"se

t!e s#6e is eor#p!i1#%%) des1riptive o t!e oods or servi1es or $!i1! it is intended to (e "sed.T!is is (e1#"se

respondent7s #s $e%% #s petitioners7 re#% est#te deve%op6ent pro>e1ts #re %o1#ted #%on t!e streets (e#rin t!e n#6e

9St. ;r#n1is, p#rti1"%#r%), St. ;r#n1is Aven"e #nd St. ;r#n1is Street *no$ 8no$n #s B#n8 Drive+,@(ot! $it!in t!e

vi1init) o t!e Orti#s Center.

The BLA Rulings

On De1e6(er 0e1ts #s t!e n#6e !#s no dire1t 1onne1tion or sinii1#n1e $!en

"sed in #sso1i#tion $it! re#% est#te. T!e BLA neit!er dee6ed 9ST. ;RANCIS #s # eor#p!i1#%%) des1riptive 6#r8,

opinin t!#t t!ere is no spe1ii1 %iest)%e, #"r#, 5"#%it) or 1!#r#1teristi1 t!#t t!e re#% est#te pro>e1ts possess e1ept or

t!e #1t t!#t t!e) #re %o1#ted #%on St. ;r#n1is Aven"e #nd St. ;r#n1is Street *no$ 8no$n #s B#n8 Drive+, Orti#s

Center. In t!is %i!t, t!e BLA o"nd t!#t $!i%e respondent7s "se o t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS !#s not #tt#ined e1%"sivit)

1onsiderin t!#t t!ere #re ot!er re#% est#te deve%op6ent pro>e1ts (e#rin t!e n#6e 9St. ;r#n1is in ot!er #re#s,0it

6"st nevert!e%ess (e pointed o"t t!#t respondent !#s (een 8no$n to (e t!e on%) re#% est#te ir6 to tr#ns#1t ("siness

"sin s"1! n#6e $it!in t!e Orti#s Center vi1init). A11ordin%), t!e BLA 1onsidered respondent to !#ve #ined

ood$i%% #nd rep"t#tion or its 6#r8, $!i1! t!ereore entit%es it to prote1tion ##inst t!e "se () ot!er persons, #t %e#st,

to t!ose doin ("siness $it!in t!e Orti#s Center.00

e#n$!i%e, on #r1! /@, /, t!e BLA rendered # De1ision0/in t!e St' Francis To1ers IP Case, den)in

petitioners7 #pp%i1#tion or reistr#tion o t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS. E1%"din t!e $ord 9TOWERS in vie$

o petitioners7 dis1%#i6er t!ereo, t!e BLA r"%ed t!#t petitioners 1#nnot reister t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS sin1e it is

1on"sin%) si6i%#r to respondent7s 9ST. ;RANCIS 6#r8s $!i1! #re reistered $it! t!e Dep#rt6ent o Tr#de #nd

Ind"str) *DTI+. It !e%d t!#t respondent !#d # (etter ri!t over t!e "se o t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS (e1#"se o t!e

%#tter7s #ppropri#tion #nd 1ontin"o"s "s#e t!ereo or # %on period o ti6e.0-

A %itt%e over # )e#r #ter, or on #r1! -0, /@, t!e BLA t!en rendered # De1ision0&in t!e St' Francis Shangri-La IP

Case, #%%o$in petitioners7 #pp%i1#tion or reistr#tion o t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE. It o"nd

t!#t respondent 1#nnot pre1%"de petitioners ro6 "sin t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS #s t!e re1ords s!o$ t!#t t!e or6er7s

"se t!ereo !#d not (een #ttended $it! e1%"sivit). ore i6port#nt%), it o"nd t!#t petitioners !#d #de5"#te%)

#ppended t!e $ord 9S!#nri2L# to its 1o6posite 6#r8 to distin"is! it ro6 t!#t o respondent, in $!i1! 1#se, t!e

or6er !#d re6oved #n) %i8e%i!ood o 1on"sion t!#t 6#) #rise ro6 t!e 1onte6por#neo"s "se () (ot! p#rties o t!e

6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS.

Bot! p#rties #ppe#%ed t!e de1ision in t!e IP( Case, $!i%e petitioners #ppe#%ed t!e de1ision in t!e St' Francis To1ers

IP Case. D"e to t!e identit) o t!e p#rties #nd iss"es invo%ved, t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#% ordered t!e 1onso%id#tion o

t!e sep#r#te #ppe#%s.0'Re1ords #re, !o$ever, (eret o #n) s!o$in t!#t t!e de1ision in t!e St' Francis Shangri-La


14/19

IP Case$#s #ppe#%ed () eit!er p#rt) #nd, t!"s, is dee6ed to !#ve %#psed into in#%it).

The IPO Director-#eneral Ruling

In # De1ision04d#ted Septe6(er -, /@, t!en IPO Dire1tor23ener#% Adri#n S. Cristo(#%, Jr. #ir6ed t!e r"%ins o t!e

BLA t!#t: *a+ petitioners 1#nnot reister t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS #nd *)+ petitioners #re not "i%t) o

"n#ir 1o6petition in its "se o t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE. =o$ever, t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#%

reversed t!e BLA7s indin t!#t petitioners 1o66itted "n#ir 1o6petition t!ro"! t!eir "se o t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST.

;RANCIS TOWERS, t!"s dis6issin s"1! 1!#re. =e o"nd t!#t respondent 1o"%d not (e entit%ed to t!e e1%"sive "se

o t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS, even #t %e#st to t!e %o1#%it) $!ere it 1ond"1ts its ("siness, (e1#"se it is # eor#p!i1#%%)

des1riptive 6#r8, 1onsiderin t!#t it $#s petitioners7 #s $e%% #s respondent7s intention to "se t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS

in order to identi), or #t %e#st #sso1i#te, t!eir re#% est#te deve%op6ent pro>e1ts?("sinesses $it! t!e p%#1e or %o1#tion

$!ere t!e) #re sit"#ted?1ond"1ted, p#rti1"%#r%), St. ;r#n1is Aven"e #nd St. ;r#n1is Street *no$ 8no$n #s B#n8 Drive+,

Orti#s Center. =e "rt!er opined t!#t respondent7s reistr#tion o t!e n#6e 9ST. ;RANCIS $it! t!e DTI is irre%ev#nt

sin1e $!#t s!o"%d (e 1ontro%%in #re t!e tr#de6#r8 reistr#tions $it! t!e IPO itse%.0A%so, t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#%

!e%d t!#t sin1e t!e p#rties #re (ot! en#ed in t!e re#% est#te ("siness, it $o"%d (e 9!#rd to i6#ine t!#t #

prospe1tive (")er $i%% (e enti1ed to ("), rent or p"r1!#se Fpetitioners7G oods or servi1es (e%ievin t!#t t!is is o$ned

() FrespondentG si6p%) (e1#"se o t!e n#6e ST. ;RANCIS.7 T!e prospe1tive (")er $o"%d ne1ess#ri%) dis1"ss t!ins

$it! t!e represent#tives o FpetitionersG #nd $o"%d re#di%) 8no$ t!#t t!is does not (e%on to FrespondentG.0@

Dis#reein so%e%) $it! t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#%7s r"%in on t!e iss"e o "n#ir 1o6petition *t!e (one o 1ontention int!e IPV C#se+, respondent e%ev#ted t!e s#6e to t!e CA.

In 1ontr#st, re1ords do not s!o$ t!#t eit!er p#rt) #ppe#%ed t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#%7s r"%in on t!e iss"e o t!e

reistr#(i%it) o t!e 6#r8 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS *t!e (one o 1ontention in t!e St. ;r#n1is To$ers IP C#se+. As

s"1!, s#id prono"n1e6ent is #%so dee6ed to !#ve %#psed into in#%it).

The CA Ruling

In # De1ision0oint%) #nd sever#%%) p#) respondent # ine in t!e #6o"nt o P/,..

T!e CA did not #d!ere to t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#%7s indin t!#t t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS is eor#p!i1#%%) des1riptive,

#nd r"%ed t!#t respondent $!i1! !#s e1%"sive%) #nd 1ontin"o"s%) "sed t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS or 6ore t!#n #

de1#de, #nd, !en1e, #ined s"(st#nti#% ood$i%% #nd rep"t#tion t!ere() is ver) 6"1! entit%ed to (e prote1ted ##inst

t!e indis1ri6in#te "s#e () ot!er 1o6p#nies o t!e tr#de6#r8?n#6e it !#s so p#inst#8in%) tried to est#(%is! #nd

6#int#in. ;"rt!er, t!e CA st#ted t!#t even on t!e #ss"6ption t!#t 9ST. ;RANCIS $#s indeed # eor#p!i1#%%)

des1riptive 6#r8, #de5"#te prote1tion 6"st sti%% (e iven to respondent p"rs"#nt to t!e Do1trine o Se1ond#r)

e#nin./

Diss#tisied, petitioners i%ed t!e present petition.

The Issue Before the Court

Wit! t!e de1isions in (ot! Inter PartesC#ses !#vin %#psed into in#%it), t!e so%e iss"e t!"s %et or t!e Co"rt7sreso%"tion is $!et!er or not petitioners #re "i%t) o "n#ir 1o6petition in "sin t!e 6#r8s 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS

#nd 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE.

The Court/s Ruling

T!e petition is 6eritorio"s.

Section 8


15/19

To (ein, Section 8"di1io"s s1r"tin) o t!e #1t"#% 1ir1"6st#n1es

#ttend#nt to # p#rti1"%#r 1#se./@

=ere, t!e Co"rt inds t!e e%e6ent o r#"d to (e $#ntin !en1e, t!ere 1#n (e no "n#ir 1o6petition. T!e CA7s 1ontr#r)

1on1%"sion $#s #"%ti%) pre6ised on its i6pression t!#t respondent !#d t!e ri!t to t!e e1%"sive "se o t!e 6#r8 9ST.

;RANCIS, or $!i1! t!e %#tter !#d p"rported%) est#(%is!ed 1onsider#(%e ood$i%%. W!#t t!e CA #ppe#rs to !#ve

disre#rded or (een 6ist#8en in its dis5"isition, !o$ever, is t!e eor#p!i1#%%)2des1riptive n#t"re o t!e 6#r8 9ST.

;RANCIS $!i1! t!"s (#rs its e1%"sive #ppropri#(i%it), "n%ess # se1ond#r) 6e#nin is #15"ired. As det%) ep%#ined in

t!e .S. 1#se o 1reat So!thern #an v. 2irst So!thern #an:/


16/19

$ulic )o*ain/ in the sense that e2er, seller shoul) ha2e the right to infor* custo*ers of the

geogra$hical origin of his goo)s. A eor#p!i1#%%) des1riptive ter67 is #n) no"n or #d>e1tive t!#t desin#tes

eor#p!i1#% %o1#tion #nd $o"%d tend to (e re#rded () (")ers #s des1riptive o t!e eor#p!i1 %o1#tion o oriin o t!e

oods or servi1es. A geogra$hicall, )escri$ti2e ter* can in)icate an, geogra$hic location on earth0s"1! #s

1ontinents, n#tions, reions, st#tes, 1ities, streets #nd #ddresses, #re#s o 1ities, rivers, #nd #n) ot!er %o1#tion

reerred to () # re1oniHed n#6e. In order to deter6ine $!et!er or not t!e eor#p!i1 ter6 in 5"estion is

des1riptive%) "sed, t!e o%%o$in 5"estion is re%ev#nt: *0+ Is the *ar+ the na*e of the $lace or region fro* 1hich

the goo)s actuall, co*e If the ans1er is ,es0 then the geogra$hic ter* is $roal, use) in a )escri$ti2e

sense0 an) secon)ar, *eaning is re4uire) for $rotection.-

In #!re-Parsons-#o3l)% Corporation v. Appalachian "og Homes, Inc.,-0it $#s !e%d t!#t secon)ar, *eaningis

est#(%is!ed $!en # des1riptive 6#r8 no %oner 1#"ses t!e p"(%i1 to #sso1i#te t!e oods $it! # p#rti1"%#r p%#1e, ("t to

#sso1i#te t!e oods $it! # p#rti1"%#r so"r1e. In ot!er $ords, it is not eno"! t!#t # eor#p!i1#%%)2des1riptive 6#r8

p#rt#8es o t!e n#6e o # p%#1e 8no$n ener#%%) to t!e p"(%i1 to (e denied reistr#tion #s it is also necessar, to

sho1 that the $ulic 1oul) *a+e a goo)sG$lace association t!#t is, to (e%ieve t!#t t!e oods or $!i1! t!e

6#r8 is so"!t to (e reistered originatein t!#t p%#1e. To !o%d s"1! # (e%ie, it is ne1ess#r), o 1o"rse, t!#t t!e

p"r1!#sers per1eive t!e 6#r8 #s # p%#1e n#6e, ro6 $!i1! t!e 5"estion o o(s1"rit) or re6oteness t!en 1o6es to t!e

ore.-/T!e 6ore # eor#p!i1#% #re# is o(s1"re #nd re6ote, it (e1o6es %ess %i8e%) t!#t t!e p"(%i1 s!#%% !#ve #

oods?p%#1e #sso1i#tion $it! s"1! #re# #nd t!"s, t!e 6#r8 6#) not (e dee6ed #s eor#p!i1#%%) des1riptive.

=o$ever, $!ere t!ere is no en"ine iss"e t!#t t!e geogra$hical significance of a ter* is its $ri*ar,

significance#nd $!ere t!e geogra$hical $lace is neither oscure nor re*ote0 a $ulic association of the

goo)s 1ith the $lace *a, or)inaril, e $resu*e) fro* the fact that the a$$licant/s o1n goo)s co*e fro*

the geogra$hical $lace na*e) in the *ar+.--

nder Section 897'9-&o t!e IP Code, spe1ii1 re5"ire6ents !#ve to (e 6et in order to 1on1%"de t!#t #

eor#p!i1#%%)2des1riptive 6#r8 !#s #15"ired se1ond#r) 6e#nin, to $it: *a+ the secon)ar, *eaning *ust ha2e

arisen as a result of sustantial co**ercial use of a *ar+ in the Phili$$ines *)+such use *ust result in the

)istincti2eness of the *ar+ insofar as the goo)s or the $ro)ucts are concerne) #nd *c+ $roof of

sustantiall, e3clusi2e an) continuous co**ercial use in the Phili$$ines for fi2e ?H ,ears efore the )ate

on 1hich the clai* of )istincti2eness is *a)e. n%ess se1ond#r) 6e#nin !#s (een est#(%is!ed, # eor#p!i1#%%)2

des1riptive 6#r8, d"e to its ener#% p"(%i1 do6#in 1%#ssii1#tion, is per1epti(%) dis5"#%iied ro6 tr#de6#r8 reistr#tion.

Se1tion 0/-.0*>+ o t!e IP Code st#tes t!is r"%e #s o%%o$s: 1!#nro(%esvirt"#%%#$%i(r#r)

SEC. 0/-. Registra)ilit%. 4

0/-.0 A 6#r8 1#nnot (e reistered i it:

*>+ Consists e1%"sive%) o sins or o indi1#tions t!#t 6#) serve in tr#de to desin#te t!e 8ind, 5"#%it),5"#ntit), intended p"rpose, v#%"e, geogra$hical origin0ti6e or prod"1tion o t!e oods or renderin ot!e servi1es, or ot!er 1!#r#1teristi1s o t!e oods or servi1es *E6p!#sis s"pp%ied+

ConiH#nt o t!e oreoin, t!e Co"rt dis#rees $it! t!e CA t!#t petitioners 1o66itted "n#ir 1o6petition d"e to t!e

6ist#8en notion t!#t petitioner !#d est#(%is!ed ood$i%% or t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS pre1ise%) (e1#"se s#id

1ir1"6st#n1e, () #nd o itse%, does not e5"#te to r#"d "nder t!e p#r#6eters o Se1tion 04@ o t!e IP Code #s #(ove2

1ited. In #1t, t!e re1ords #re (eret o #n) s!o$in t!#t petitioners #ve t!eir oods?servi1es t!e ener#% #ppe#r#n1e

t!#t it $#s respondent $!i1! $#s oerin t!e s#6e to t!e p"(%i1. Neit!er did petitioners e6p%o) #n) 6e#ns to ind"1e

t!e p"(%i1 to$#rds # #%se (e%ie t!#t it $#s oerin respondent7s oods?servi1es. Nor did petitioners 6#8e #n) #%se

st#te6ent or 1o66it #1ts tendin to dis1redit t!e oods?servi1es oered () respondent. A11ordin%), t!e e%e6ent o

r#"d $!i1! is t!e 1ore o "n#ir 1o6petition !#d not (een est#(%is!ed.

Besides, respondent $#s not #(%e to prove its 1o6p%i#n1e $it! t!e re5"ire6ents st#ted in Se1tion 0/-./ o t!e IP Code

to (e #(%e to 1on1%"de t!#t it #15"ired # se1ond#r) 6e#nin #nd, t!ere(), #n e1%"sive ri!t to t!e 9ST. ;RANCIS


17/19

6#r8, $!i1! is, #s t!e IPO Dire1tor23ener#% 1orre1t%) pointed o"t, eor#p!i1#%%)2des1riptive o t!e %o1#tion in $!i1! its

re#%t) deve%op6ents !#ve (een ("i%t, i.e., St. ;r#n1is Aven"e #nd St. ;r#n1is Street *no$ 8no$n #s 9B#n8 Drive+.

Veri%), re1ords $o"%d reve#% t!#t $!i%e it is tr"e t!#t respondent !#d (een "sin t!e 6#r8 9ST. ;RANCIS sin1e 0e1ts %o1#ted in t!e #ores#id #re# #nd !erein respondent #s t!e deve%oper t!ereo, t!e %#tter

1#nnot (e s#id to !#ve #15"ired # se1ond#r) 6e#nin #s to its "se o t!e 9ST. ;RANCIS 6#r8.

In #1t, even on t!e #ss"6ption t!#t se1ond#r) 6e#nin !#d (een #15"ired, s#id indin on%) #11ords respondents

prote1tion#% 5"#%ii1#tion "nder Se1tion [email protected] o t!e IP Code #s #(ove 5"oted. A#in, t!is does not #"to6#ti1#%%)

trier t!e 1on1"rren1e o t!e r#"d e%e6ent re5"ired "nder Se1tion 04@./ o t!e IP Code, #s ee6p%iied () t!e #1ts

6entioned in Se1tion [email protected] o t!e s#6e. %ti6#te%), #s e#r%ier st#ted, t!ere 1#n (e no "n#ir 1o6petition $it!o"t t!is

e%e6ent. In t!is respe1t, 1onsiderin too t!e notoriet) o t!e S!#nri2L# (r#nd in t!e re#% est#te ind"str) $!i1! di%"tes

petitioners7 propensit) to 6ere%) ride on respondent7s ood$i%%, t!e 6ore re#son#(%e 1on1%"sion is t!#t t!e or6er7s "se

o t!e 6#r8s 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS TOWERS #nd 9T=E ST. ;RANCIS S=AN3RI2LA PLACE $#s 6e#nt on%) to identi), or

#t %e#st #sso1i#te, t!eir re#% est#te pro>e1t?s $it! its eor#p!i1#% %o1#tion. As #pt%) o(served () t!e IPO Dire1tor2

3ener#%:-4

In t!e 1#se #t !#nd, t!e p#rties #re ("siness 1o6petitors en#ed in re#% est#te or propert)deve%op6ent, providin oods #nd servi1es dire1t%) 1onne1ted t!ereto. T!e 9oods or 9prod"1ts or

9servi1es #re re#% est#te #nd t!e oods #nd t!e servi1es #tt#1!ed to it or dire1t%) re%#ted to it, %i8e s#%eor %e#se o 1ondo6ini"6 "nits, oi1es, #nd 1o66er1i#% sp#1es, s"1! #s rest#"r#nts, #nd ot!er("sinesses. For these +in)s of goo)s or ser2ices there can e no )escri$tion of its geogra$hicalorigin as $recise an) accurate as that of the na*e of the $lace 1here the, are situate)'*E6p!#sis #nd "nders1orin s"pp%ied+

=en1e, or #%% t!e re#sons #(ove2dis1"ssed, t!e Co"rt !ere() r#nts t!e inst#nt petition, #nd, t!"s, eoner#tes

petitioners ro6 t!e 1!#re o "n#ir 1o6petition in t!e IPV C#se. As t!e de1isions in t!eInter Partes C#ses $ere not

#ppe#%ed, t!e reistr#(i%it) iss"es reso%ved t!erein #re !ere() dee6ed to !#ve #tt#ined in#%it) #nd, t!ereore, #re no$

ee1"tor).

%&EREFORE, t!e petition is #RANTED. T!e De1ision d#ted De1e6(er 0@, /< o t!e Co"rt o Appe#%s in CA23.R. SP

No. 0'&/' is !ere() RE(ERSED #nd SET ASIDE. A11ordin%), t!e De1ision d#ted Septe6(er -, /@ o t!e

Inte%%e1t"#% Propert) Oi1e2Dire1tor 3ener#% is REINSTATED.

SO ORDERED'

Carpio, Chairperson/, #rion, Peralta,#nd Pere0, ++.,1on1"r.

Endnotes:

Desin#ted Addition#% e6(er per R#%e d#ted J"%) 04, /0&.

0Rollo, pp. -2--.

/Id. #t 4@2


18/19

'Id. #t


19/19

#dvertise6ents in t!e possession o t!e deend#nt, (e#rin t!e reistered 6#r8 or tr#de n#6e or #n)reprod"1tion, 1o"ntereit, 1op) or 1o%or#(%e i6it#tion t!ereo, #%% p%#tes, 6o%ds, 6#tri1es #nd ot!er 6e#nso 6#8in t!e s#6e, s!#%% (e de%ivered "p #nd destro)ed.

0'./. In re#rd to 1o"ntereit oods, t!e si6p%e re6ov#% o t!e tr#de6#r8 #ied s!#%% not (e s"i1ientot!er t!#n in e1eption#% 1#ses $!i1! s!#%% (e deter6ined () t!e Re"%#tions, to per6it t!e re%e#se o t!eoods into t!e 1!#nne%s o 1o66er1e.

/&SECTION 040. A"t!orit) to Deter6ine Ri!t to Reistr#tion. In #n) #1tion invo%vin # reistered

6#r8, t!e 1o"rt 6#) deter6ine t!e ri!t to reistr#tion, order t!e 1#n1e%%#tion o # reistr#tion, in $!o%eor in p#rt, #nd ot!er$ise re1ti) t!e reister $it! respe1t to t!e reistr#tion o #n) p#rt) to t!e #1tion int!e eer1ise o t!is. J"d6ent #nd orders s!#%% (e 1ertiied () t!e 1o"rt to t!e Dire1tor, $!o s!#%% 6#8e#ppropri#te entr) "pon t!e re1ords o t!e B"re#", #nd s!#%% (e 1ontro%%ed t!ere().

/'3.R. No. 0

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