ipv4 and ipv6 addresses - a very short introduction
TRANSCRIPT
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
1copyright © 2015 by schlager communications services GmbH
Internet Protocol V4 and V6Addresses
Ronaldschlager.com © Ronald Schlager
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Terms
Prefix
IPv4fe80:
IP subnet mask
Multicast
IPv6
Address
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Purpose of Addresses
Location InformationUnique Identification
of Partners
Direct End-to-End Communication
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Requirements - Internet of Everything
Internet Protocol
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Address Space (Address Size)
1616161616161616
Size of IPv6 Address: 128 bits
1616
Size of IPv4 Address: 32 bits
Number of bits
Number of bits
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Textual Representation - Examples
bb6dfe3075ff54ee0ef1cdb82001
IPv6 Address
20425
IPv4 Address168192
Decimal
Hexadecimal
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv4 Address Elements
IPv4 Address8 bits 8 bits 8 bits 8 bits
Defines Size of „Network“ Portion Binary Value, Decimal Notation
Subnet Mask
Example:
11111111 11111111 11110000 00000000
255 . 255 . 240 . 0
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv4 Address Elements and Subnet Mask
defines „Address Space“
IPv4 Address Elements
Source Network Host xSource Address
Subnet Mask
Destination Address
Destination Network Host y
Example: Default Routing in Host:
Source = Destination: send to host in same network
Source ≠ Destination: send to router in same network
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv6 Address Elements
IPv6 Address Elements
1616161616161616
Interface IdNetwork Id (includes IPv6 Address Prefix, variable size)
e.g. IPv6 Address /64
Replaces IPv4 Subnet Mask
IPv6 Address Prefix length in bits
Number of bits
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv6 Address Elements - Example
Address PrefixAddress Prefix
n bits
Subnet IDSubnet ID
m bits
Identifies a location /
a group of links
Identifies a link
of a location
128-n-m bits
Interface IDInterface ID
Identifies an interface
of a link
IPv6 Address Elements
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Address Assignment to Interface
FromAdmin
From Neighbors
From Servers
From Providers
Locally generated
From Routers
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Address Types
LoopbackInterface-inside
UnicastTo one interface
AnycastTo the nearest interface
Unspecifiedno specific network
MulticastTo a group of interfaces
BroadcastTo all interfaces
Only IPv4
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv6 Address Types - Values
1) According RFC 3879 replaced by Unique Local Unicast address
Address Type Binary Prefix IPv6 Notation
IPv6 Address Range
Loopback 00..1 (128 bits) ::1/128 ::1
Multicast 11111111 ff00::/8 ff00 - ffff
Link-local Unicast 1111111010 fe80::/10 fe80 - febf
Site-local Unicast 1) 1111111011 fec0::/10 fec0 - feff
Unique Local Unicast 1111110 fc00::/7 fc00 - fdff
Global Unicast (all others)
Unspecified ::/12800..0 (128 bits)
2 - 21/55
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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IPv6 Multicast Address Scope
Interface-Local (only for loopback)
Link-Local (same topological region)
Admin-Local (administratively configured)
Site-Local (spans a single site)
Organization-Local (multiple sites of one organization)
Global
Realm-Local (same Personal Area Nework)
IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses
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Resources
Visit Ronald Schlager´s resources for more information:
Book: „IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses - An Introduction“
Courseware: „IPv6 - Details“
Web:
Ronald Schlager´s IPv6 Blog
www.ronaldschlager.com