IPv6 and challenges in Nigeria

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Muhammed Rudmanm.rudman@ixp.net.ngwww.ixp.net.ng

Introduction to Internet Protocol• An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label

assigned to each device connected to the Internet.• Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) is a 32 bit number, which is

roughly 4.3 billion addresses. • Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) is a 128 bit number, which

roughly a Billion Trillions times the IPv4 address size.

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Introduction Cont.www.ixp.net.ng

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The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) manages the IP address space allocations globally and delegates five regional Internet registries (RIRs) to allocate IP address blocks to local Internet registries (Internet service providers) and other entities.

IANA is operated by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, also known as ICANN.

IPv4 address Space by the end of 2010

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Source: Number Resource Organization

IPv4 ADDRESS SPACE ISSUED(RIRs TO CUSTOMERS)

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Source: Number Resource Organization

IPv4 Address Exhaustion •

▫Globally 0% IPv4 remaining in the central registry

▫On January 31, 2011 the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) allocated two blocks of IPv4 address space to APNIC.

▫ On the 3rd of February ICANN announced the allocation of the last five block to the five RIR.

▫More than 60 % of AfriNIC IPv4 pool is unallocated.

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Rate of Daily assignment of IPv4 in the various RIRs

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Based on the beside average rate of daily IPv4 allocation ,AfriNIC IPv4 Pool will last for another 5 to 10 years before exhaustion.

Why a new IP ? Only compelling reason : more addresses! How to address the future Worldwide population? (>9B in the 2050)

▫ For billions of new users, e.g., in China , India etc. About 2 Billion people are already connected to the internet▫ For billions of new devices, e.g., PDAs, 3G Mobile Phones, Cars , Appliances etc. ▫ More than 200 Million registered domains

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Introduction to ipv6

IETF IPv6 WG began in early 1990s, to solve addressing growth issues, but

▫CIDR, NAT, PPP, DHCP,… were developed▫Some address reclamation▫The RIR system was introduced▫ Brakes were put on IPv4 address consumption

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IPv6 at a Glance •Scalability

340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456

•Security•Real time application•Auto-configuration•Mobility•Addressing and routing•Extensibility

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Global ipv6 allocations11

US1813

DE460

RU263

AU369

GB366

NG14

Yearly IPv6 Allocation By AfriNIC12

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 3

18 1916

13

55

33

Sout

h Afri

caOth

er

Kenya

Nigeria

Maurit

iusEgy

pt

Ugand

a

Ghana

Tanza

niaSu

dan

Rwanda

05

101520253035404550 46

34

1914

10 8 7 6 6 4 4

Yearly

By Country

AfriNIC IPv6 Allocation: 2009 & 2010

South Africa; 46

Other; 34

Kenya; 19

Nigeria, 14

Mauritius; 10Egypt; 8Uganda; 7

Ghana; 6Tanzania; 6 Sudan; 4 Rwanda; 4

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South Africa; 30

Other; 16

Kenya; 9

Egypt; 6

Tanzania; 5

Mauritius; 5Zimbabwe; 2

Morocco; 2

Nigeria, 2

Ghana; 2

Cote D'ivoire; 2 Uganda; 2

2010

2009

Nigeria:2 blocks allocated in 200914 blocks allocated in 2010

IPv6 Enabled Networks in Nigeria

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http://v6asns.ripe.net/v/6?s=ZA;s=KE;s=NG;s=MU;s=EGGood News:Moved from the 6th position in 2009 to the 3rd in 2010 based on the number of allocated IPv6 within AfriNIC region.

Bad New:Not yet IPv6 visible in the Internet

IPv4-IPv6 Transition/Co-Existence Techniques

•IPv6 have been designed for easing the transition and coexistence with IPv6Dual stack : Simultaneous support for both

IPv4 and IPv6 stacksTunnels : IPv6 packet encapsulated in IPv4

ones Translation

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IPv6 challenges in Nigeria •ISPs need a business case•Lack of technical know how•Core equipment compatibility issues •Lack of IPv6 upstream service providers• Non requests from end users

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Way forward

1.IPv6 awareness and capacity building by organizing seminars and trainings , incorporating IPv6 into university curriculum.

2.Establish a National Internet Registry (NIR) to overlook the IP management issues in the country and to develop a ‘National IPv6 Roadmap’ to strategize the IPv6 transition.

3.Provide some profit incentives to Internet Industry for encouraging them to adopt IPv6 based Infrastructure. These incentives could include reduction in regulatory fee and tax rebates.

4.Upstream Internet connectivity providers should be asked to enable IPv6 readiness in their networks.

5. All new IT equipment supplied to Government should be IPv6 compliant and Government to set target date for MDAs to have IPv6 compliant networks.

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IPv6 Day Website: http://isoc.org/wp/worldipv6day/ 

On 8 June, 2011, Google, Facebook, Yahoo!, Akamai and Limelight Networks will be amongst some of the major organisations that will offer their content over IPv6 for a 24-hour "test flight". The goal of the Test Flight Day is to motivate organizations across the industry – Internet service providers, hardware makers, operating system vendors and web companies – to prepare their services for IPv6 to ensure a successful transition as IPv4 addresses run out. 

Please join us for this test drive and help accelerate the

momentum of IPv6 deployment.” 

- Lynn St. Amour, President, Internet Society (ISOC)

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IPv6 Training Abuja & Lagos

THANK YOU.

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Questions ?