IPV6:Global Status &

Government of India’s Initiatives and Policies

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Brief Overview of IP Addresses

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A Brief Summary of the Evolution of the Internet

1945 1995

Memex Conceived

1945

WWWCreated

1989

MosaicCreated

1993

A Mathematical

Theory of Communication

1948

Packet Switching Invented

1964SiliconChip1958

First Vast ComputerNetwork

Envisioned1962

ARPANET1969

TCP/IPCreated

1972

InternetNamed

and Goes

TCP/IP1984

HypertextInvented

1965

Age ofeCommerce

Begins1995

Copyright 2002, William F. Slater, III, Chicago, IL, USA

IP ADDRESSThe Internet Architecture is based on the Internet Protocol (IP). This protocol connects different network elements like router, servers, hosts, computers, RFID devices, mobile phones, sensors etc. This protocol specifies that each device should have a unique address to communicate globally with other devices on the Network. This address is known as the “IP Address”.

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ROLE OF IP ADDRESS ?WHO ? Identification of

Parties to the Communication Transaction

WHERE ? Determine the network location of the Identified Party

HOW ? Used to support Routing Decisions

05/03/23

IPV4 Address (Present)

IPV6 Address (Future)

• Total Addresses = 232 = 4 billion• Some addresses are reserved for special purposes like private networks or multicast addresses. However practically only few hundred million addresses are usable.

Total Addresses = 2128 = 340 billion, billion, billion, billion

IP Address Schemes

About IP addresses

A finite common resource Managed in the common interest Critical to maintenance of global Internet

Not “owned” by address users Not property Cannot be bought, sold, or traded… Provided on a “license” basis Returned to registry or provider when no longer required

Microsoft has managed to purchase 666,624 IP addresses from the bankrupt Canadian company Nortel for $7.5 million. This works out to $11.25/ip. An exact list of blocks isn't available yet. There has been a lot of discussion on NANOG about whether this allowed or not, and what the implications to the dwindling IPv4 pool may be. Is this the first of many such moves as IPv4 address space has run out? Will ARIN step in and block the sale/transfer? How long will such measures drag out the eventual necessity of IPv6?

Black marketing of IP add( Feb 2011)

Where do IP addresses come from?

Standards

Allocation

Allocation

Assignment

End user

Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) distribute IPv4, IPv6, and AS numbersto the Internet community

RIRs maintain accurate registration ofInternet resource usage for the community

Regional Internet Registries

1992: “…it is [now] desirable to consider delegating the registration function to an organization in each of those geographic areas.” (RFC 1338)

GLOBAL STATUS

IPv4 Consumption

According to the Netcraft Web Server Survey, till December 2010 around 266,848,493 websites are available on world wide web

Out of the 990562 tested websites only 12836 have one or more IPv6 addresses. That is 1.3%.

Out of the 34028 IPv6 addresses only 22959 are connectable. That is 67.47%.

Out of the 990562 tested websites only 11723 have one or more IPv6 capable mailservers. That is 1.18%.

Out of the 20129 IPv6 capable mailservers only 16159 are connectable. That is 80.28%.

Total No of Sites 1321

Comparison of IPv4 & 6 data on the net

Comparison of IPv4 & IPv6 data on the net

Comparison of IPv4 &IPv6 data on the net

Comparison of IPv4 &IPv6 data on the net

13.32% on May 2011

9.12% on May 2010

IPv6 RIPEness April 2010

  STARS IPv6 allocation RIS route6 objectReverse DNS .

IPv6 RIPEness country pie charts (2011-08-30)

Address Status and Need for IPv6 in India

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India ranks #15* in IPv4 address allocation behind Taiwan IPv4 address stats: US-1.5B, CN-331M, JP-202M, IN-34.7M* Anomaly: At rank #2, India has great Internet potential by

usage but grossly insufficient resources

Country Country Code Addresses(million) Per Capita

United States US 1533.93 5.51

China CN 331.67 0.26

Japan JP 202.09 1.59

European Union EU 152.83 -

South Korea KR 112.22 2.40

Germany DE 95.86 1.17

France FR 84.32 1.42

United Kingdom GB 83.56 1.40

Canada CA 79.95 2.57

Australia AU 47.54 2.52

Brazil BR 44.37 0.26

Italy IT 38.58 0.67

Russian Federation RU 36.89 0.25

Taiwan TW 35.38 1.59

India IN 34.67 0.03

Netherlands NL 25.01 1.58

Sweden SE 22.98 2.59

http://www.bgpexpert.com/addressespercountry.php

• More than 250 million data users in the country on mobile phones

• 858 Million mobile phones users as in July 2011( Ranks # 2 in the world)

• TRAI recommends a target of– 100 million Broadband connections by 2014.(Yet to be approved by Government)

• Government intends to connect all more than 2,50,000 village panchayats on high speed Broadband connectivity by 2012.

• Millions of devices and objects will require unique addresses for always-on connectivity.

• Multiple addresses per device interface.

Impact of Mobile phones & Broadband on Demand for IP Addresses

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Solution ?Only 34.7 million IPv4 addresses for a

population of 1.2 billion in India.But the requirement for IP addresses will keep

increasing with new services, new networks, new applications.

Telecommunications will be largest consumer of IP addresses in coming years (Broadband, 3G, NGN, 4G, LTE etc.)

IPv4 is a diminishing resource and is very costly compared to IPv6 right now and will be more costlier with passage of time

IPv6 is the only solution !

Global Reachability and Scalability

Simplified Header Format

Maintaining Quality of Service

Built in securitymandatory IP Sec

Neighbour Discovery

Efficient Routing and Route Aggregation

Large Address Space 128 bit

Serverless Autoconfiguration

Plug and Play Support

Improved Support for Mobile IP and Mobile Computing

IPv6 Capabilities

IPv6 Related Activities undertaken by

Department of Telecommunications (DoT)

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Actionable Points of “National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap”

1. All major Service providers (having at least 10,000 internet customers or STM-1 bandwidth) will target to handle IPv6 traffic and offer IPv6 services by December-2011

2. All central and State government ministries and departments, including its PSUs, shall start using IPv6 services by March-2012

3. Formation of the IPv6 Task Force with one Oversight Committee, one Steering Committee and 10 working groups

“National IPv6 Deployment Roadmap” was released by the Government of India in July 2010. based on various IPv6 activities and discussions

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India IPv6 Task Force(Structure & Functions of Working Groups)

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India IPv6 Task Force

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Oversight Committee

Secretary(T), Chairman

Member(T), Vice Chairman

Advisor(T) DoT

Sr.DDG, TEC Senior Officers of

DoT/DIT/TEC

DDG( NT ), Convener

Industry Associations / Heads of Service Providers / Key Govt. Departments /

Educational Institutions / Industry Forums / eminent persons

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Steering Committee (To Head the Working Groups in Task Force)

Advisor(T)/Member(T)Chairman

Sr.DDG, TEC Vice Chairman

Senior Officers of DoT/ DIT/TEC

DDG( NT ), Convener

Industry Associations / Heads of Service Providers / Key Govt. Departments / Key

Educational Institutions / Industry Forums / eminent persons

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Structure of “India IPv6 Task Force”

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Lead & Co-Lead Organizations for Working Groups

Sr.No. Name of the Working Group Lead Service Provider /

Organization

Co-Lead Organizations No. of Members

1. Training and Awareness WG BSNL CMAI, CISCO, TATA 21

2. IPv6 Network Implementation WG TEC CISCO, BSNL, SIFY, NIC 66

3. Standards and Specifications WG TEC CDOT, IPv6 Forum 20

4.. India6 Network WG Tata Communications

COAI, AUSPI, DoT, CISCO 22

5. Experimental IPv6 Network WG SIFY TEC, Juniper 11

6. Pilot Project WG DIT Tech Mahindra, ERNET 137. Applications support WG Tech Mahindra UTStarcom, CDOT, IAMAI 16

8. Knowledge Resource Development WG

ISPAI BSNL, IAMAI, NIXI 18

9. IPv6 Implementation in the Government WG

DoT TEC, M/o Railways, NASSCOM, CCAOI

130

10. Network Security WG DoT M/o Defence, MHA, IISc Bangalore 6

Note: Each working Group will be headed by a Lead Organization37

Functions of Different Working Groups

WG-1 (Training and Awareness for ~ 250,000 persons)•Hands-on trainings in association with APNIC, IISc and other organizations•IPv6 Certification programs for qualified engineers•Trainings for nodal officers from government•Conducting Workshops, seminars and conferences

WG-2 (IPv6 Network Implementation)•Studying the different network scenarios and make action plans for individual service providers / organizations.

WG-3 (IPv6 Standards and Specifications)•Coordinate with TEC for development of common IPv6 specifications for the country, which will be followed by all stakeholders.

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Functions of Different Working Groups contd..

WG-4 (India6 Network)•To study, plan and prepare a project report for building a nationwide IPv6 Carrier Network called “Transition Pipe”, which will be entrusted to one of the operators

WG-5 (Experimental IPv6 Network)•Study, plan and prepare to build this network, which can then be used for experimentation by different vendors and organizations both from the public and the private sector.

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Functions of Different Working Groups contd..

WG-6 (Pilot Projects on “Greenfield Applications”)•Prepare Plans, project reports, funding models and coordinate with different government and service providers to take up the deployment of such pilot projects to demonstrate the IPv6 capabilities

WG-7 (Application Support)•Facilitate the transition of existing content and applications and development of new content and applications on IPv6.

WG-8 (Knowledge Resource Development)• To ensure active participation of the educational institutes • Involved in the change of curriculum to include study of IPv6 as a

subject.

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Functions of Different Working Groups contd..

WG-9 (IPv6 Implementation in Government)• Pursue with different government departments for implementation of

IPv6.• Guidance on solving problems related to implementation of IPv6• Members will be drawn from nodal officers in various government

departments for active participation

WG-10 (Network Security)• Research on Security related issues in IPv6• Development of security protocols specific to India for use in Indian

Networks

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Actions Taken by DoT till date on Actionable items

IPv6 Pilot Project - Goals

Technology demonstration – Build confidence in IPv6 as a technology

Showcase solutions – which result in RoI

Social benefits – Impacting common

Innovation – Entrepreneurship, New ideas and solutions

Few Required IPv6 based Pilot projects in India Logistics and Supply Chain (e.g. Railways, Shipping, Postal etc.) Intelligent Transport System (e.g. Road & Surface Transport) Intelligent Warfare (Ministry of Defence) Healthcare System (Ministry of Health) Tele-education (Ministry of Human Resource Development) Smartgrids (Ministry of Power) Smart Buildings (All Ministries) Sensor based Intelligent Systems (Weather Monitoring, Agriculture

etc)

1. Different Ministries, Government Departments and Organizations along with Private Sector will Work on these and similar Pilot Projects.

2. Many ministries/Departments don’t have enough computerization so they can jump start directly with IPv6 without going in for legacy IPv4 network

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Pilot project - Accomplishments

State/PSUCurrent status

Himachal Pradesh Identified the pilot projects are:•Tele-medicine•E-learning

Karnataka Identified pilot projects are:•Intelligent buildings•State portals

Gujarat State government has agreed to execute pilot projects – identification of projects in progress

Tripura State government has agreed to execute pilot projects – identification of projects in progress

Tamilnadu,SBI,IRDA,BESCOM – Discussions yet to progress

References:www.ipv6forum.comwww.atoomnet.nethttp://V6asns.ripe.netwww.wikipedia.orgwww.internetworldstats.comwww.bgpexpert.comwww.ripe.netwww.apnic.netwww.de-cix.net

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