Iraq

• Ottoman colony pre WWI

• British mandate post WWI

• Independence post WWII• Saudi Prince installed as

King

• US/GB backed

• Never seen as legitimate

• Three groups competing for power

• Overthrown in 1958

• Rise of the Ba’ath Party in 1960s• Saddam Hussein

• Consolidates power and ruled as a dictator

• Overthrown in 2003

Overview of Modern Iraq

Persian Gulf War• In 1990 Saddam invades Kuwait.

• Internal revolts by Shia Muslims and Kurds against Saddam

• In 1991 UN forces drive Iraqi forces out

Coalition Forces for the First Gulf War

Results of the Persian Gulf War• Saddam Hussein defeated but not overthrown

• Internal Kurdish and Shiite revolts crushed

• Shows how oil dictates the actions of the international community

What do these lists represent?

•  United States United Kingdom Australia Poland Denmark Philippines (medical support)

• United StatesSaudi ArabiaKuwaitUnited Arab EmiratesOmanQatarPakistanAfghanistanEgyptAustraliaSouth KoreaPhilippines (medical support)Argentina United KingdomFranceItalySpainPolandNorwayGreeceNetherlands

Second Gulf War

• Goals

• Disarm Iraq of WMDs

• Overthrow Saddam

• Destroy terrorist cells

• Democratize Iraq

Results• Bush declared the war over

in May 2003

• Hussein executed in 2006

• US troops leave in 2011

• Weak and ineffective democratic government

• Why?

• Rise of ISIS in 2014

The Iraq War through cartoons