Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

इंटरनेट मानक

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”Jawaharlal Nehru

“Step Out From the Old to the New”

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार”Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan

“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता है”Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam

“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 12142 (1987): Code of safety for 1,1,1 trichloro ethane[CHD 8: Occupational Safety, Health and Chemical Hazards]

IS : 12142 - 1987

Indian Standard CODE OF

SAFETY FOR l,l,l-TRICHLOROETHANE

Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, CDC 18

Chairman Representing

DR V. P. GUPTA Directorate General Factory Advice Services and Labour Institute, Bombay

Members

SARI S. K. DANC~WAL ( Alternate !o DR V. P. Ciupta )

DR B. S. ATTRI Department of Environment, New Delhi SHRI R B. DESAI Indian Chemical .Manufacturers Association,

Calcutta SWRI A. N. VAKIL ( Alternate )

SHRI D. K. DE SARKAR Directorate General of Ordnance Factories

DR K. G. KAIMAL ( Alternute ) ( Ministry of Defence ), Calcutta

SHR~ K. C. GUPTA National Safety Council, Bombay SHRI K. C. SAKSENA ( Alternate )

DR H. MUKHWEE Department of Explosives (-Ministry of Iddus-

SHRI A. S. GHOSHAL ( Alternate ) trial Development ), Nagpur

DR DEOKI NANDAN SHRI 0. P. NANGIA

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd, Rasayani

SHRI A. G. SHESIIAN ( Alternate ) SHRI R. S. NI~AM Indian Petrochemicals Corporation. Ltd,

Vadodara DR S. K. MEHTA ( Alternate )

DR L. N. PANDAY Ministry of Defence ( R & D ) DR P. S. VENKATARAMANI (Alternate)

DR D. J. PARIKH National Institute of Occunotional Health,

SHRI A. N. RAO Ahmadabad

Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi

DR K. V. RAMALINGAM SHRI J. J. AI)HIA ( Alternate )

Century Rayon, Kalyan

( Continued on p&e 2 )

@ copyflghl 1988 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

T-his publication is.protected under tho Indian Copyright Acr ( XIV of 1957 ) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of cot&&t undor the said Act.

IS : 12142 - 1987

( Continued from puge 1 )

Members Representing

DRS. B. RAY Ministry of Defence ( DGS ) SPIRI D. P. BASU ( Aftermzfe )

DR M. K. SAXENA Nati;;~~b~yrganic Chemicals Industries Ltd,

SHRI P. CHATTERJEE ( AIternaie ) SHRI DEEPAR R . SHAH Excel Industries Ltd, Bombay

SHRIMATI S. R. VASHI ( Alternate ) DR P. N. VISWANATHAN Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow

DR K. P. PANDYA ( Alternate ) SHRI-SATISH CHANDER, Director General, BIS ( &-officio Member )

Director ( Chem )

Secretary SHR~ P. S. ARORA

Joint Director (Chem ), BIS

Industrial Chemical Hazards Subcommittee, CDC l&4

Convener

SHRI A. G. SHESHAN

Members

Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd, Rasayani

SHRI H. K. VBNKATRAMAIH (‘Affermrte to Shri A. G. Sheshan )

SHRI 0. R. BALASUBRAMANIAN Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. Bombay DR D. CHAUDHURI Union Carbide India Ltd, Calcutta - SHRI S. R. CHAUDHVRI All India Tnstitute of Hygiene and Public Health.

Qr-x~~ B. R. DAVE Calcutta _

Department of Explosives ( Ministry of Indus- trial Development ), Nagpur

DR H. MUKHERIEE ( Alternate ) SHRI D. K. DE SARKAR Directorate General of Ordnance Factories

DR K. G. KAIMAL ( Alfernatc ) ( Ministry of Defence ), Calcutta

DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( MET )-5 Railway Board ( Ministry of Railways ) SARI. M. V. DE~AI Atul Products Ltd, Atul

SHRI A. K. NANGXA ( AIterrrare ) SHRI K. C. GUPTA National

Salu K. C. SAKSENA ( AIf&fe ) Safety Council, Bombay

Dn V. P. GUPU Directorate Cenernl Factory Advice Service and Labour Institute, Bombay

.. Szt~l 9. K. DANGWAL ( -Atternare ) SHRI V. N. GODBOLE Ailbright Morarji and Pundit Ltd, Ambernath

SHRI K. R. PRABHU ( Afternate )

( Cotuinwd od pa;ge 9 1

IS ~'12142 - l.987

Indian Standard CODE OF

:‘sAFETY FOR l,l,l-TRICHLOROETHANE

I 0. FOREWORD

0.1 This lndian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards 6n 17 August 1987, after the draft finalized by the Chemical Hazards S-ctional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Di\iision Council.

Q.2 l,i,l-trichloroethane has excellent solvency for greages, oils, tars and waxes. Therefore, it is used for cleaning of metals,, electrical equip- ments, electronic components and instruments, plastic components and moulds. It also finds applications as dye carrier ‘to replace aqueous textile processing and finishing techniques. It is used in adhesive formulations and also in the metal cutting fluids to increase tool life. s

0.3 In the preparation of this code of safety, considerable assistance has te:n derived from the following publicati,ons:* ._.. .j

a) Manual for Handlin’g and Disposal with Toxi,city and ,j!&zard Data. Published by Internatioqal .Technical Information Institute, Japan. 1951.

b) Material Safeiy Dara Sheet ( No. 311 ).‘Published by Matkials 1 nformation Service, General ,Electric Compariy, USA. 1979.

- c) Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials, third editian. N. Irving Sax. Published by Reinbold Publishing Corporation, I 1957.

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard describes properties of’ ,l,l;l-trichloroethane, the nature of hazards associated with it and essential information on storage, handlkg; packing; lcbellirig, disposal of waste, trdining and educertion, of personnel, person4 protective equipment and first aid.

.,’ .1 _, ‘.. _.

1s $12142.1987

1.1.1 This code, however, does not deal design of buildings, chemical engineering equipment for operations control.

2. TERMINOLOGY

with the specifications for plants, storage vessels and

2.1 For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in 1s : 4155 1966* and IS : 4157-1980? shall apply.

3. PROPERTIES

3.1 General Information - It is tolourless, non-flammable liquid with a characteristic ether type odour which may be just perceptible ( unfati- gaed ) at about 100 ppm in air. It is miscible with other chlorinated solvents and soluble in common organic solvents. It is insoluble in water.

3.1.1 Common Name - TCE/Methyl chloroform

3.1.2 Chemical Name - 1, I, 1 - Trichloroethane

3.1.3 Empirical Formula - CaH&lS

3.1.4 Molecular Formula - Cl&-CHB

3.1.5 Molecular Weight - 133’4

3.2 Physical Properties

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

3.2.5

3.2.6

Boiling Point - 74’1°C.

Specific Gravity 20/2O”C - 1’349 2

Solidification Point - ( - ) 32’5°C

Vapour Pressure at 20°C - 100 mm of mercury

Vapour Density ( Air A 1 ) - 4’55

Miscibility in Solvents - Soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, etc.

3.3 Chemical Properties

3.3.1 Reactivity - It can be hydrolyzed by water to form hydro- chloric acid and acetic acid. It reacts with strong caustic to form flamma- ble or explosive material. It can decompose rapidly by reaction with finely divided white metals, such as aluminium, magnesium and zinc.

*Glossary of terms relating to chemical and radiation hazards and hazardous chemicals. .-

tGlossary of terms relating to air pollution (Jirsi revision ).

4

IS : 12142 - 1987

3.3.2 Stability at High Temperature

Autoignition : No

At high temperature ( 260°C ), it decomposes to give hydrochloric acid and phosgene.

3.3.3 Light Sensitivity - It decomposes under UV light to produce toxic and corrosive products ( phosgene and hydrochloric acid ).

3.3.4 Flammability - No

3.4 Fire and Explosion Hazard Properties

3.4.1 Flash Point - No

3.4.2 Explosive Limits in Air - No

3.5 Corrosion Properties - When dry, it is inert towards most metals except zinc, aluminium, magnesium and alloys thereof.

4. HEALTH EFFECTS AND TOXICITY INFORMATION

4.1 General - This material is considered low in toxicity among the chlorinated hydrocarbons. Brief exposure at 800- 1000 ppm, however, causes mild eye irritation and a little loss of co-ordination due to its anesthetic property.

TLV - 350 ppm ( 1 900 mg/m3 )

STEL - 450 ppm ( 2 450 mg/m8 )

4.2 -Route of Entry - Inhalation, absorbed through skin.

4.3 Health Effects - Trichloroethane, on inhalation, causes drowsiness, mental confusion and unconsciousness. Eye-contact can result in pain and irritation and dimness of sight. muscular pain, dermatitis.

Skin contact can cause defatting,

4.3.1 It is absorbed quickly but eliminated slowly. Therefore, expo- sures are dangerous. After severe exposures, effects on central nervous system are lasting. Severe exposures may effect liver, kidneys and tissues.

5; PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

5.1 Personal Protection

5.1.1 Protective equipment should include self-contained breathing apparatus or airline respirator. PVC or neoprene hand gloves and clothes to avoid contact with this liquid. Use of safety goggles or face

5.

IS : 12142 - 1987

shields to prevent splashing of the liqaid into eyes is also recommended. All contaminated clothing should be removed immediately and the body should be washed. Clothing should be washed and thoroughly dried before use. ..

5.1.2 The use of appropriate gas mask is permissible in- vapout concentration of less than 20 percent where there is no deficiency of atmospheric oxygen exposure exceeding half an hour.

5.1.3 Care should be exercised taking into amount the fact that its vapours are heavier than air.

6. STORAGE:, HANDLING, LABELLING AND TRA&PORTATION

6.1 Storage - Store in closed containers, in a,cool well ventilated area. Do not store in alaminium -containers. Mild steel containers are satis- fact,ory. Protection from moisture be provided for bulk storage.

6.2 Handling - Wear safety goggles, chimical cartridge respirator and rubber g!oves while handlirg this chemical.

6.3 Labelling - Cautionary Labels, such ,as ‘Avoid Spillage’, ‘Use Persocal Protectives’, ‘Harmful Vapour,’ ‘Avoid Skin Contact’. tire recommend$d. ,

6.3.1 Information on Labels

a) Name of chemical, b) Danger - vapour hazardous/toxic; . .

c) Avoid breathing, and d) Avoid’skin contact. .

6.4 Transportation - Follow code .symbols for labelling of dangerous, goods as p@r Fig. 20 of IS: 1260 ( Part 1 ) - 1973* and follow safety. code for tramport of dangerous goods as per Government regulations.

7. SPILLAGE/LEAKAGE AND WAST-E DISPOSAL :

7,l Spill and <Leakages

7.1.1 For small spills, soak UP with absorbent such as filter paper, avoiding breathing of vapours and using gloves to avoid contact. Evaporate off the chemical in an exhaust hood.

7.l.2 For large spills, evacuate the area, notify iafety -perso&el, and* provide ve.ntilation. Recover: liquid when possible. Pick up residue with

*Pictorial markings for handling and labelliog ,of go& : Part I Dangerou$ goode ( firsr rev&ion ). .

6

IS :. 12142 - 1987

absorbent or dush to ground to evaporate ( not to sewer or drains >. Use protective equipment during clean up.

7.1.3 Material should be transferred to another suitable container in case the container having trichloroethane is leaking.

7.1.4 In the event of a tank car leakage, which can not be repaired by simple adjustment or tightening the fittings, supplier should be cantacted for instructions. The area around tank car should be evacuated aild properly protected personnel should be allowed to enter the area.

7.2 Waste Disposal -. 7.2.1 All relevant regulations of local and State authorities for pre-

vention of control of pollution should be observed.

7.2.2 Collect waste and purify by distillation or return to the suppliers.

7.2.3 Burning in aa incinerator will produce hydrochloric acid and,, therefore, effluent gases should be scrubbed by a dilute alkali in a gas scrubber.

8.. FIRE PREVENTlON AND FIRE FIGHTING

S,l This material is nearly non-flammable. It can, however, catch fire when ignited with electric arc. Water fog, carbon dioxide or foam ma? be used to fight fire.

8.2 The fire can be prevented if not brought in contact with electric arc. The flame, however, tends to go out when the ignition source is removed.

9. TRAINING AND HEALTH MONITORING

9.1 Training and Education - The personnel handling this chemical should be well informed about hazards involved in handling. The need for use of safety equipments and careful handling should be well under- stood by personnel handling this chemical.

9.2 Health Monitoring

9.2.1 Pre-employment Medical Examination - This is required for employees who would be exposed to l,l,l-trichloroethaae. Individuals having trouble with central nervous system, liver and heart disease should not be exposed to this chemical.

9.2.2 Provide regular medical monitoring of those exposed to this material in work place. recommended.

Full medical examination once a year is

7

tS : 12142 - 1987

9.23 Personnel using this chemical should avoid drinking aIcoho1 before, during and soon after exposure.

9.2.4 Records of medical examination should be maintained regularly. A specific treatment given for any deficiency should also be recorded.

10. FIRST AID

10.1 In%alation - Remove victim to fresh air. If needed, apply artificial respiration. Get medical assistance immediately. Advise physician not to use adrenalin.

30.2 Skin Contact - Remove contaminated clothing promptly. Wash with warm water and soap. If irritation persists, get medica attention.

10.3 Eye Contact - Flush eyes well with plenty of running water far I5 minutes. Get medical attention.

10.4 Ingestion - Get medical assistance. If physician is not immedia- tely available and the amount swallowed is appreciable. give milk or water and induce vomitting. Repeat several times. Estimated lethal dosage for 75-80 kg man.is 300 to 600 millilitres,

10.5 Note to Physician - Avoid using sympathoxqimetic amines fin treatment.

IS:12142r1987

( Continued from page 2 )

Members

SHRI P. V. KANGO

Representing

Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, Calcutta

DR P. V. SUBRAMANIAN< Alternate ) SHRI L. S. MENTA Century Rayon, Kalyan

SHRI R. K. SHUKLA ( Alternatk ) DR 0. P. MITTAL Hindustan Ciba-Geigy Ltd, Bombay SHRI V. S. R. MURTHY Hindustan Petroleum Corporation, Bombay

SHRI R. M. SANGAM ( Alternate ) DRD. J. PARIKH National Institute of Occupational Health.

Ahmadabad SHRI J. N. PAREKH Navin Fluorine Industries, Bombay

SHRI K. N. VYAS ( Alternrrre ) SHRI A. N. RAO Directorate General of Technical Development,

New Delhi DR A. P. RAO Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Ltd,

Udyogamandal DR A. K. BHATTACHARYA ( Alternate )

DR P. K. ROY Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Calcutta DR K. P. PANDYA ( Alternate )

DR M. K. SAXENA Natipozb3vrganic Chemicals Industries Ltd,

SHRI K. K. SUBRAMANIAN ( Alternate ) SHRI DEEPAK R. SHAH Excel Industries Ltd, Bombay

SHRI R. K. KORDE ( Alternate ) SHRI SANGAPPA C. UPPALAD~MMI Shroff’s Industrial Chemicals Ltd, Bombay

9

fNTERNATI6NAL SYSTEM OF

f&Be unita

QlJ*Nnnf

Length Mars Time t!htric current Thermodynamic

temperature Lumiaour intensity Amount of substance

Supplementary Units

Qu~nrr Plane angle Solid angle

Derived Uolts

~Qurnnrr

Force berg) Powe? FltlX Flux den&r Frequency Electric conductance Electromotive force Prrssure. stross

UhliT

metrc kilogram

ampere kelvin

candela molo

UNIT

radian steradiao

UNtT

newton joule watt

neber

hertz siomeos volt Pascal

UEiITS ( SI UNITS )

SYNBOL

m kg

: K

ad

SYMBOL

rad sr

SYMBOL

N

J W Wb T Ha 3 V Pa

th’INtTlON

I N = 1 kg.m/sr 1 J - 1 N.m 1 w - 1 J/s 1 Wb - 1 V.s I T = 1 Wb/ms I Hz - 1 c/s (s-0 1 S = 1 A/V I V- 1 W/A I Pa - 1 N/ms