is agile compatible with human performance technology? bob winter, cpt ca technologies @thebobwinter...
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Is Agile Compatible with Human Performance Technology?
Bob Winter, CPTCA Technologies@TheBobWinter
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Conference AlignmentConference Track:The Business of HPT: The structure and application of human performance technologyOverviewIn this session, participants will consider the viability of Human Performance Technology (HPT) co-existing with the Agile development methodologies. Anchoring the discussion will be a brief history of the Agile movement, along with an overview of one of its seminal works, Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices, by Robert C. “Uncle Bob” Martin. By becoming Agile, can we in the learning or HR function realize the benefits of greater productivity and customer value?Learning Objectives• Recall the history of the Agile movement, the concepts outlined in the Agile
Manifesto, and the proven benefits of going Agile• Discuss the compatibility and conflicts between Agile Principles and ISPI’s CPT
Standards• Make a sound decision on the viability of transforming from working in Waterfall to
working in Agile• Recall the seminal books, thought leaders and resources associated with Agile
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Bob Winter, CPT, CSPO (@TheBobWinter)• Marblehead, Massachusetts• Principle Education Consultant
supporting the R&D community (7,000+ software engineers)
• Product Owner on our Education Scrum Team
About me and about CA
CA Technologies (@CAInc, NASDAQ: CA)• ~13,600 employees in ~74 Countries• ”IT management software and solutions for
all of your business needs.”• Best-known products include: CA Chorus
(Mainframe), CA Clarity (PPM), SiteMinder (Security), Nimsoft (Infrastructure)
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Key Questions• Can a software development methodology be successfully applied to
the development of learning, communication, or HR output? • Will “being Agile” helps us to better apply the HPT standards? • By becoming Agile, can we (in a learning or HR function) realize greater
productivity and customer value?
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Agenda
The Promise of Agile (15 minutes) Is Human Performance Technology Agile? (25 minutes) Is Agile Right for Your Function? (30 minutes)
Learn more (5 minutes)
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The Promise of Agile
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What is Agile?
AgileA group of software development methods based on iterative and incremental development, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams. Wikipedia
agile1. Able to move quickly and easily2. Able to think and understand quickly
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Agile Alphabet Soup
Methodologies Engineering Practices
Scrum
Kanban
ScrumBan
XP
Hybrid
Lean
FDD
Pairs Programming
RefactoringTDD
CT
Continuous
Integration (CI)
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The Agile MovementThe entire text of the Manifesto for Agile Software Development
We are uncovering better ways of developingsoftware by doing it and helping others do it.Through this work we have come to value:
-Individuals and interactions over processes and tools-Working software over comprehensive documentation-Customer collaboration over contract negotiation-Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items onthe right, we value the items on the left more.
agilemanifesto.org • Developed in 2001 over a
ski weekend in Snowbird, Utah
• 17 original signatories• 12 principles• Anyone can sign
Kent BeckMike Beedle
Arie van BennekumAlistair Cockburn
Ward CunninghamMartin Fowler
James GrenningJim HighsmithAndrew HuntRon Jeffries
Jon KernBrian Marick
Robert C. MartinSteve Mellor
Ken SchwaberJeff SutherlandDave Thomas
© 2001, the above authors. This declaration may be freely copied in any form, but only in its entirety through this notice.
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Nearly Ubiquitous in Software Engineering
Source: VersionOne. (2013). 7th annual state of agile development survey. Posted as a downloadable PDF in the Library of White Papers of the VersionOne website. http://www.versionone.com/pdf/7th-Annual-State-of-Agile-Development-Survey.pdf
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• Marketing• Education• Human Resources• Product Development• Managing a Household
Non-software application of Agile
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Story Priority Level
Estimated Effort
(hours) Owner Status Target Start
Date Finish Date
Caulk (silicone) floors next to all tubs 1 2 Bob Done 10/6/2012 10/7/2012Remove A/C's from windows and store in basement
1 3 Bob Done 10/6/2012 10/6/2012
Clean paint specks off new bathroom floor 2 1 Bob Done 10/6/2012 10/14/2012
Touch up stair walls with blue paint 3 2 Bob Done 10/13/2012 10/14/2012
Steam clean all the carpets plus the stairs 3 5 Bob Started on
10/13 10/13/2012
Dump run - old jeep frame, cardboard etc. 3 3 Bob Not started
Hang towel racks and TP holder in new bathroom 4 2 Bob
Not started;
need to get correct fixtures
Honey Do Backlog
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Top Reasons for Adopting Agile
Source: VersionOne. (2013). 7th annual state of agile development survey. Posted as a downloadable PDF in the Library of White Papers of the VersionOne website. http://www.versionone.com/pdf/7th-Annual-State-of-Agile-Development-Survey.pdf
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More Successful Projects
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Cheaper, Faster, Higher Quality
Mah, Michael. (2008). How agile projects measure up, and what this means to you. Cutter Consortium Agile Product & Project Management Executive Report 9 (9). Retrieved from http://www.cohaa.org/content/sites/default/files/How%20Agile%20Projects%20Measure%20Up,%20and%20What%20This%20Means%20to%20You.pdf
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Is Human Performance Technology Agile?
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A Seminal Book
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#10 Ranked Agile Book of All TimeMartin, R. C. (2003). Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN-10: 0135974445 The AuthorRobert Cecil Martin, known colloquially as “Uncle Bob,” is an American software consultant and author. One of the “founding fathers” of the Agile movement, he is well-known as one of the 17 original signatories of the Manifesto for Agile Software Development (agilemanifesto.org), and he was the first chairman of the Agile Alliance. Martin was the founder of Object Mentor consultancy, and he currently serves as Master Craftsman of 8th Light. He is the author of countless articles and noteworthy books, including Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices and Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship.
Book Review: Published in Performance Improvement Journal (April, 2014)
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ISPI HPT Standards
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1. Focus on outcome and results.2. Take a systems view.3. Add value.4. Work in partnership with clients and
stakeholders.
5. Determine the need or opportunity.6. Determine the cause and the performance
requirements.7. Design the solution including implementation
and evaluation.8. Develop the solution and test its feasibility.9. Implement the solution.10. Measure the results and impact.
My reading of the Martin book considers the viability of Human Performance Technology (HPT) co-existing with the Agile development methodologies. • Are they compatible? • Will applying the HPT standards help
us to be more Agile? • In being Agile, can we in the
learning function realize the same benefits of greater productivity and customer value?
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CPT Performance Standard 1: Focus on outcome and results
Uncle Bob asks [page 23]:
“What if we designed our tests before we designed our programs? What if we
refused to implement a function in our programs until there was a test that failed
because that function wasn’t present? What if we refused to add even a single line
of code to our programs unless there were a test that was failing because of its
absence? What if we incrementally added functionality to our programs by first
writing failing tests that asserted the existence of that functionality, and then
made the test pass? What effect would this have on the design of the software we
were writing? What benefits would be derived from the existence of such a
comprehensive bevy of tests?”
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CPT Performance Standard 2: Take a systems view
Uncle Bob talks about Metaphor as an eXtreme Programming (XP) practice [page 17]:
“Think of a jigsaw puzzle. How do you know the pieces go together? Clearly, each piece
abuts others, and its shape must be perfectly complimentary to the pieces it touches. If
you were blind and you had a very good sense of touch, you could put the puzzle
together by diligently sifting through each piece and trying it in position after position.”
“But there is something more powerful than the shape of the pieces binding the puzzle
together. There is a picture. The picture is the true guide. The picture is so powerful that
if two adjacent pieces of the picture do not have complementary shapes, then you know
the puzzle maker made a mistake.”
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CPT Performance Standard 3: Add value
Uncle Bob says [page 22]
“Using an agile method does not mean that the stakeholders will
get what they want. It simply means that they’ll be able to control
the team to get the most business value for the least cost.”
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CPT Performance Standard 4: Work in partnership with clients and stakeholders
Uncle Bob says [page 15]
“The essence of the planning game is the division of
responsibilities between business and development. The
business people (a.k.a. the customers) decide how important a
feature is, and the developers decide how much that feature will
cost to implement.”
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CPT Performance Standards 5-10: Being systematic
Uncle Bob says, [page 22]
“The nightmare scenario is to get to the end of the iteration
[time period for development] with 90% of the tasks complete,
but no stories [work product] complete.”
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Bottom Line
So…can Human Performance Technology and Agile peacefully coexist?
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Is Agile Right for Your Function?
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With respect to Agile:• What potential benefits do you see?• What are potential risks?• What are key considerations specific to your function or company?• TALLY VOTE FOR YOUR TABLE: Which statement best describes you?
We are already Agile or on our way I will press for us to consider Agile. Agile is not for us at this time.
Table Activity – 15 minutes
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Learn More
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How to Get StartedWebsites• www.Agilemanifesto.org • www.Mountaingoat.com • www.Scrum.org • www.Scrumalliance.org • www.Versionone.com
YouTubeAgile: An Introduction, by CA TechnologiesAfter the Open Source Revolution, Eric S. RaymondCulture Hacking, by Jim McCarthyTED Talk, "Agile programming -- for your family“, Bruce Feller
Seminal BooksAgile Software Development, by Robert C. MartinCoaching Agile Teams, by Lyssa AtkinsThe Scrum Guide, by Ken Schwaber and Jeff SutherlandSucceeding with Agile, by Mike Cohn
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BibliographyAppelo, Jurqen. (2013) Top 100 Agile Books (Edition 2013). Retrieved from: http://www.noop.nl/2013/08/top-100-agile-books-edition-2013.html
Cohn, M. (2012, 02 13). [Web log message]. Retrieved from http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/blog/agile-succeeds-three-times-more-often-than-waterfall Mah, Michael. (2008). How agile projects measure up, and what this means to you. Cutter Consortium Agile Product & Project Management Executive Report 9 (9). Retrieved from http://www.cohaa.org/content/sites/default/files/How%20Agile%20Projects%20Measure%20Up,%20and%20What%20This%20Means%20to%20You.pdf Beck, Kent, Mike Beedle, Arie van Bennekum, Alistair Cockburn, Ward Cunningham, Martin Fowler, James Grenning, Jim Highsmith, Andrew Hunt, Ron Jeffries, Jon Kern, Brian Marick, Robert C. Martin, Steve Mellor, Ken Schwaber, Jeff Sutherland, Dave Thomas. (2001). Manifesto for agile software development. Retrieved from http://agilemanifesto.org/ Martin, R. C. (2003). Agile Software Development: Principles, Patterns, and Practices. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall West , D., & Grant, T. (2010). Agile development: Mainstream adoption has changed agility trends in real-world adoption of agile methods. Retrieved from: http://www.ca.com/~/media/Files/IndustryResearch/forrester-agile-development-mainstream-adoption.pdf
Winter, R. (2014). Book Review: Agile Software Development. Performance Improvement Journal. VersionOne. (2013). 7th annual state of agile development survey. Posted as a downloadable PDF in the Library of White Papers of the VersionOne website. http://www.versionone.com/pdf/7th-Annual-State-of-Agile-Development-Survey.pdf