ISEL Refrigeration Fluids

Revenue by Product Line

Revenue by Refrigeration ProductLubricants associated with the ammonia refrigeration industry make up >63% of thecompany’s refrigeration lubricant sales

Industrial Systems

• Industrial Refrigeration Systems are used in the refrigeratedand freezer areas found in most food processing facilities.Examples shown below:

o Cold Storage Warehouseo Dairyo Meat Processing Plantso Refrigerated Container shipso Fruit Packaging Plantso Beverage Production Facilities

• Ammonia Refrigeration Systems are the most prevalent (>60%)• HCFC gases like R-22 also in use, HCFC gases are being

phased out• HCFC being replaced by HFC gases like R-507, increasing

the need for polyolester lubricants

Commercial• Freezers and Refrigerators in:

o Supermarkets and food storeso Restaurants

• Typically sealed systems, lubricant added at at factory or at re-builder• Lubricants can be sold either to compressor manufacturers/re-builder• Market available for refrigerant leak detection dyes and leak stops• R-22 phaseout forcing customers to move to HFC refrigerants, increasing

demand for POE lubricants

Residential

• Household refrigerators & freezers• R-22 still most prevalent• Residential A/C systems• Typically sealed systems, lubricant added at at factory or at re-builder• Lubricants can be sold either to compressor manufacturers/re-builder• Market available for refrigerant leak detection dyes and leak stops• R-22 phaseout forcing customers to move to HFC refrigerants, increasing demand for

POE lubricants

Auto A/C• HFC Gases (R-134a) most prevalent• POE (NXT-POE-AC) and PAG (NXT-PAG-AC) lubricants most prevalent• Lubricants and additives can be sold to repair shops, distributors, and auto parts stores• Large market for:

o Leak stop additiveso Leak detection dyeso Performance enhancers

Types of Refrigeration Lubricants

• Alkyl-Benzene Base Fluids• Napthenic Base Fluids• Standard Paraffinic Base Fluids• 2-Stage Hydrocracked Base Fluids• Polyol Esters (POE) Base Fluids• Polyalklene Glycols (PAG) Base Fluids

Types of Refrigeration Lubricants

• Alkyl-Benzene Base Fluids• Napthenic Base Fluids• Standard Paraffinic Base Fluids• 2-Stage Hydrocracked Base Fluids• Polyol Esters (POE) Base Fluids• Polyalklene Glycols (PAG) Base Fluids

Types of Refrigeration Lubricants

• Alkyl-Benzene Base Fluids• Napthenic Base Fluids• Standard Paraffinic Base Fluids• 2-Stage Hydrocracked Base Fluids – Ammonia (NXT-717)• Polyol Esters (POE) Base Fluids – HFC (NXT-POE-LT)• Polyalklene Glycols (PAG) Base Fluids

• Propane/Butane (NXT-4540)• Auto-AC (NXT-4055)

Recommended Lubricant by Refrigerant

ASHRAE # Type of Refrigerant Recommended Base Fluid ISEL Lubricant

R-134a HFC Polyolester (POE) NXT-POE-LT/NXT-4055

R-22 HCFC Mineral Oil/Alkyl Benzene NXT-MIN

R-290 Propane Polyalkalyne Gylcol (PAG) NXT-4540

R-401A HCFC Mineral Oil/Alkyl Benzene NXT-MIN

R-401B HCFC Mineral Oil/Alkyl Benzene NXT-MIN

R-402A HCFC Mineral Oil/Alkyl Benzene NXT-MIN

R-404A HFC Polyolester (POE) NXT-POE-LT

R-407C HFC Polyolester (POE) NXT-POE-LT

R-417A HFC Mineral Oil or POE NXT-MIN/NXT-POE-LT

R-422a/b HFC Mineral Oil or POE NXT-MIN/NXT-POE-LT

R-507 HFC Polyolester (POE) NXT-POE-LT

R-600 Butane Polyalkalyne Gylcol (PAG) NXT-4540

R-717 Ammonia 2-Stage Hydrocracked NXT-717

R-744 CO2 Polyolester (POE) NXT-744-POE

The type of lubricant is dependent on the refrigerant type

Ammonia Refrigeration Systems

Ammonia Refrigeration Systems

Why Do Ammonia Systems Need aSpecial Lubricant• Lubricant in an ammonia system should not leave the separator• Lubricant that escapes into a the evaporator is considered a

contaminant• Lubricant will buildup in a refrigeration system reducing system

efficiency

Benefits of NXT-717• 2-stage hydrocracked formulation• Lower Oil Carryover

• Less fluid use• Less fouling of the evaporator

• Longer fluid life• Formulated for worst case scenarios• Better cold temperature fluidity• OEM Approved

• GEA• Mycom• Howden• Bitzer

Benefits of NXT-717 – Naphthenics vs 2-StageHydrocracked• Petroleum bases are refined from two types of crude oil• Both produced through the Solvent Extraction Refining Process• Production continues to decrease• Paraffinic – Waxy or ‘sweet’ crude

• Most common type of base oil in production• Typically have a higher VI than Napthenics• Poor pour points due to formation of wax molecule chains

• Napthenic – Asphaltic or ‘sour’ crude• Venezuela is one of the largest sources, high restrictions• Poor low temperature fluidity as a result of low VI

Crude Oil

Atmospheric& VacuumDistillation

Solvent Extraction

SolventDewaxer

WaxConventional

Base Oil(70-85% Pure.)

Solvent

Gas Oil

Benefits of NXT-717 – Naphthenics vs 2-StageHydrocracked• The 2-Stage Hydrocracking process utilizes high pressure hydrogen to break down

most or all of the aromatic molecules apart reforming them into preferred chemicalstructures

• The 2-Stage Hydrocracking process also strips virtually all sulfur and nitrogen fromthe oil.

• This leads to a far more stable chemical structure. The end result is a fluid that is99.9% pure.

• Some classify these fluids as semi-synthetics (or even synthetic)

Crude Oil

Atmospheric& VacuumDistillation

Hydrocracker

H2AtmosphericDistillation

VacuumDistillation

Dewaxer

Wax

H2

HighPressure

Heat TransferUltra PureBase Oil

(99.9% Pure.)

Benefits of NXT-717 – Naphthenics vs 2-StageHydrocracked

Specification Naphthenic 2-StageHydrocracked

Purity 70-85 99.91VI 57 108Flash Point OC 210 246Solubility inAmmonia @50OC

2.8 1.9

Volatility @Weight Loss22hrs @ 100OC

1.1 0.1

Benefits of NXT-717 – Lower Carryover

High-volatility fluids tend to vaporize.Because vaporized lubricant cannotseparate from ammonia gas,carryover and oil loss result.2-stage hydrocracked base fluidshave very low volatility, reducingcarryover and oil loss.

Benefits of NXT-717 – Lower CarryoverApproximate Lubricant Vapor Concentration @ 100°C

NXT-7172-Stage

Hydrocracked

Benefits of NXT-717 – Longer Fluid Life

NXT-717

Benefits of NXT-717 – Better Fluidity• NXT-717 has superior low temperature fluidity

Benefits of NXT-717 – Better Fluidity• NXT-717 has superior low temperature fluidity

Benefits of NXT-717 – Longer Fluid LifeDarkening of oil is a sign of oxidation, which is likely due to water contamination.

Used NXT-717 Used Naphthenic Fluid

Benefits of NXT-717 – Longer Fluid Life• Due to the high water content in some ammonia refrigeration systems, having a

lubricant that offers excellent rust protection is essential.• Many competitive fluids do not contain rust and corrosion protection.

Benefits of NXT-717 – 8.6 millionOperating Hours

• Boar’s Head Previsions (11+)• Yuengling® (10+)• Reddy Ice® (14+)• King & Prince® Seafood (12+)• RCS-Smithfield (10+)• Koch Foods (14+)• Tropicana® (10+)• Florida’s Natural® (13+)• T.G. Lee® Dairy (11+)• Coca Cola Company (8)• Food Lion (6)

• Wayne Farms (7)• Winn Dixie (6)• American Cold Storage (7)• Perdue® (9)• Bacardi® (7)• Seven-Up Snapple Southeast (8)• Florida Plantation Cold Storage (6)• Blue Ribbon Meats (5)• Harrison Poultry (7)• PepsiCo (8)• Publix® (6)

• Southeast Frozen Foods (7)• Tyson® Fresh Meats (9)• Buckhead Beef® (9)• Dunkin’ Donuts® (7)• Burris Logistics (6)• Southern Gardens Citrus (5)• Borden Dairy (6)• US Food Services (9)• Peco Foods (7)• Sysco® Food Services (8)

Isel has been producing ammonia refrigeration lubricants for more than 20 years.Through our excellent distributor partnerships, our fluids have been widely used undera variety of private labels throughout North America, Asia and Europe. The end userslisted below collectively account for more than 8.6 million operating hours. Several ofthese end users have been using NXT-717 for more than a decade.

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vs ShellClavus

Property NXT-717 Shell Clavus68

Viscosity @ 40OC 60.6 63.9Viscosity @ 100OC 8.4 6.77Viscosity Index 108 57Viscosity @ -30OC 22,469 152,550Pour Point OC -42 -37Flash Point OC 249 196Volatility % Weight Loss 0.1 1.2Solubility in Ammonia @ 50OC 1.9 2.8Viscosity Increase (High TempOxidation) 1,500 hrs)

2 100

• NXT-717 offers better low temperature fluidity

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsShell Clavus-68

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsShell Clavus-68

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsShell Clavus-68

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsCPI-1009

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vs Frick #3

Property NXT-717 Frick #3Viscosity @ 40OC 60.6 62.9Viscosity @ 100OC 8.4 8.5Viscosity Index 108 107Viscosity @ -30OC 22,469 43,641Pour Point OC -42 -36Flash Point OC 249 226Volatility % Weight Loss 0.1 0.1Solubility in Ammonia @ 50OC 1.9 1.9Viscosity Increase (High TempOxidation) 1,500 hrs)

2 2

• NXT-717 offers better low temperature fluidity

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsCPI-1009

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsCPI-1009

Benefits of NXT-717 – NXT-717 vsCPI-1009

Benefits of NXT-717 – Case StudyTropicanaBackground:Large orange juice processing facility24 MYCOM screw compressors, most with horsepower exceeding 1,500Utilizing Mycold-AB-68 (alkylbenzene)Problem:Seeing dramatic oil lossUsing more than 51 barrels per yearSolution:Switched to NXT-717 (privately labeled for contractor)Because NXT-717 is top-off compatible with Mycold-AB-68, no need to waste fluidResults:Decreased oil consumption to 14 barrels per year72% reduction in oil useSignificant cost savingsContinuous Isel customer for more than 10 years

Benefits of NXT-717 – Case StudyTropicanaNorth Compressor Room Oil Usage (Adjusted for Change Over):

Benefits of NXT-717 – Case StudyTropicanaNorth Compressor Room Oil Usage (Adjusted for Change Over):

Benefits of NXT-717 – Case StudyTropicanaNorth Compressor Room Oil Usage (Adjusted for Change Over):

Benefits of NXT-717 – Family ofProductsNXT-717:Original formulation for use in applications as low as -45OCNXT-717-FGFor use in facilities where only H-1 lubricants are allowedFor use in facilities concerned about lubricant cross-contaminationNXT-717-SC:For use in applications that have previously used a Naphthenic or Alkyl-Benzene

lubricantNXT-717-LT:For use in applications below -45OC and as low as -54OCISO-46 viscosity gradeNXT-717-XLT:PAO based formulationISO-46 and 68 viscosity grades availableFor applications us low as -70OC

Benefits of NXT-717 – Family ofProducts

Property NXT-717 NXT-717-FG NXT-717-SC NXT-717-LT NXT-717-XLT

Viscosity @ 40°C 60.2 61.2 60.8 45.2 62

Viscosity @ 100°C 8.23 8.39 8.32 6.6 10.4

Viscosity Index 104 106 105 96 157Pour Point °C -42 -42 -42 -48 -60Lowest OperatingTemperature OC -45 -45 -45 -54 -70

Food Grade Rating H2 H1 H2 H2 H1

Benefits of NXT-717 – Family ofProducts

HFC and HCFC Refrigeration SystemsTypical HFCSystems• The primary function of an

refrigeration lubricant is tolubricate the compressor

• Carryover (fluid loss) into therefrigeration system shouldbe considered a contaminant

• It is important that any fluidthat carries over into therefrigeration system returnsback to the compressor

• Failure of the lubricant toreturn back to thecompressor can causewarning alarms and evenshutdowns due to low fluidlevel

• Lubricant trapped within therefrigeration system can alsodiminish thermal transferefficiency as it has thetendency to settle in the coldparts of the system

NXT-POE-LT

Specification NXT-POE-LT-22

NXT-POE-LT-32

NXT-POE-LT-68

NXT-POE-

LT-100

NXT-POE-

LT-150

NXT-POE-LT-

170

NXT-POE-

LT-220

NXT-POE-

LT-320

Viscosity @ 40OC (cSt) 20 31 68 98 148 165 210 308

Viscosity @ 100OC (cSt) 4.3 5.4 9.2 11.8 16.9 18.1 21.4 27.9

VI 108 109 110 109 122 121 123 121

Flash Point OC 243 249 262 272 276 282 284 281

Pour Point OC -65 -68 -52 -50 -37 -36 -35 -32

NXT-POE-LT : Polyol-Ester (POE) Refrigeration Lubricant• Optimized with HFC and blended refrigerant refrigerants• Ideal for R-134a, R-23, R-404a, R-407c, R-410a, R417a, R-422, Ro507, R-508• Excellent wear protection• Less susceptible to water contamination then competitive POE lubricants• Can be formulated with refrigerant leak detection dye• Highly stable formulation

NXT-POE-LTNXT-POE-LT offers superior protection against wear

NXT-MINNXT-MIN: Mineral Oil Refrigeration Lubricant

• Excellent solubility with HCFC (R-22) and CFC (R-12) systems• Excellent wear protection• Less susceptible to water contamination• Can be formulated with refrigerant leak detection dye

Specification NXT-MIN-32 NXT-MIN-68 NXT-MIN-100 NXT-MIN-150

Viscosity @ 40OC (cSt) 30 67 98 148

Viscosity @ 100OC (cSt) 5.1 8.8 11.3 15.8

VI 98 102 101 110

Flash Point OC 196 211 234 252

Pour Point OC -45 -42 -40 -37

NXT-4540NXT-4540: Poly-alkalyne Glycol (PAG) Propane Compressor Fluid

• Ideal for propane (R-290) and butane (R-600) refrigeration systems• Excellent wear protection• Excellent cold temperature fluidity

Specification NXT-4540-68 NXT-4540-100 NXT-4540-150

Viscosity @ 40OC (cSt) 68 101 152

Viscosity @ 100OC (cSt) 13.2 19.0 24.6

VI 199 211 195

Flash Point OC 225 227 265

Pour Point OC -45 -44 -42

NXT-744-POE• CO2 refrigeration systems are being seen as a replacement for ammonia an

potentially HFC refrigeration systems

• HFC is an global warming promoting gas and will soon be phased out, andammonia is toxic

• CO2 systems operate at extremely high pressures and typically require arefrigeration system just to keep the CO2 sufficiently cooled

• Becoming more popular as it allows a facility to decrease their use of ammonia orHFC

NXT-744-POE• POE is becoming a popular choice for CO2 refrigeration systems

• NXT-744-POE contains a strong anti-wear package which is necessary due to thehigh system pressures

Specification NXT-744-POE-85

NXT-744-POE-140

Viscosity @ 40OC (cSt) 85 135

Viscosity @ 100OC (cSt) 10.67 15.8

VI 109 122

Flash Point OC 272 276

Pour Point OC -50 -42

NXT-744-FG• Some systems will utilize a fluid similar to an ammonia compressor fluid

• Less common than POE fluids

• This fluid can also be used in dry ice manufacturing systens

Specification NXT-744-FG

Viscosity @ 40OC (cSt) 65

Viscosity @ 100OC (cSt) 8.66

VI 104

Flash Point OC 245

Pour Point OC -42

Thank you!