Islam

610

Islam

0

Christianity

2100BC

Judaism

A New Religion Muhammad Becomes a Prophet

570

Muhammad born in

Mecca

595

Married Khadijah-he managed the caravan business she owned

610

Muhammad went to pray and had an angel appear to him which told him to “Recite! Recite!”

Start of Islam to spread his message to the people

613

4 BASIC Keywords

Islam-Arabic means “to submit to God”-Religion founded by Muhammad through messages he received

Muslim-People who follow Islam

Qur’an (Koran)-Holy book of

Islam (message from God given to Muhammad)

Mosque-Building for Muslim prayer

Islam Clip

Muhammad’s Teachings

• One GOD-Allah • Arabic (writing used in the Koran)

• Monotheistic religion-belief in one GOD

• How people should live (bound together like family members because of belief in Allah)

*help less fortunate*treat slaves kindly (at time common)

Journal Question

Any Similarities or Differences between Islam, Christianity, or Judaism?

Islam Spreads in ArabiaFew followers More followers

As it spreads the rulers of Mecca become worried (threatened him and planned to have him killed)!

So moved to Medina (Prophet’s City) in 622 (first year of the Islamic calendar) called the HEGIRA (or journey)

Mecca

Medina

Islam Passes

632 Muhammad Dies

The religion spread soon past the Arabian Peninsula! Arabian

Peninsula

Yemen, Oman

UAE,……

Qur’anBeliefs1. Only on GOD-Allah2. Obey all of Allah’s commands3. Allah will judge all people on the

Final day (good=paradise or bad=suffering)

4. Acts of WORSHIP, guidelines for MORAL behavoior, and rules for SOCIAL life

Examples-ExplicitWash and prepare before worship

Do not eat pork or drink alcohol

Examples-ImplicitSlavery-should be abolished

Jihad (to make an effort or to struggle)-refers to the inner struggle people go through in their effort to obey Allah and behave according to Islamic ways or can be translated to holy war

SunnahMuslims also study the HADITH (written records of Muhammad’s words and actions) basis for the Sunnah-way Muhammad lived, which provides a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims

*generosity*conduct their relations in business and government

*obey leaders

Five Pillars

The Five Pillars of Islam 1st-Statement of FAITH

“There is no god, but GOD, and Muhammad is his prophet.”

*used in daily prayer

*used accepting the faith of ISLAM

The Five Pillars of Islam

2nd-Daily Prayer

Pray 5 times a day–towards MECCA*sunrise

*midday

*late afternoon

*sunset

*bed

Muslims try to pray together at a

Mosque (call goes out from here

from a minaret)

The Five Pillars of Islam 3rd-Donation to Charity

Yearly donation to charity

Yearly donation to religious official

*used to help poor, build mosques, or pay debts

The Five Pillars of Islam 4th-RamadanGoing without food and drink during the holy

month of Ramadan (starts and ends with a celebration)

Do not eat or drink anything between dawn and sunset

God is more important than one’s own body

The Five Pillars of Islam 5th-Hajj

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Travel at least once in their lives if they CAN

Kaaba-most sacred place in Mecca (black stone)

Journal Question

Any more Similarities or Differences between Islam, Christianity, or Judaism?

ShariahUses both Islamic sources and human reason to

judge the rightness of actions a person or community might take

Required to AcceptedDisapproved to Forbidden

REWARDS PUNISHMENTS

Law

CONTRIBUTIONSAstronomy

*used to help understanding of time

*astrolabe-device used to help calculate their location on Earth

Geography

*astronomy helped them to explore the world

*Ibn Battutah traveld in Africa, India, China, and Spain in 1320s (made accurate maps)

Philosophy

*Sufism-taught people they could find God’s love by having a personal relationship with him

Math

*0-9 numbers

*algebra

Medicine*first pharmacy school*hospitals to cure diseases (smallpox)Literature*poetry*short storiesVisual Arts*architecture-mosque (minarets, domes, decorated tiles, arches)-marketplaces-libraries-Muslim art does not show any people or animals (only God

can create humans and animals or their images), so use complex geometric patterns or calligraphy