ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION CHAPTER 2

Chapter 2 Lesson 1 The Rise of Islam

I. Daily Life in Arabia

1. Much of the Arabian Peninsula is desert, although there are mountains in the southwest. Oases are green areas fed by an underground water source.

Mr. Mispagel in Morocco

2. Early Arabs formed tribes that were headed by a sheikh.

3. The Bedouins were desert herders that traveled from oasis to oasis to water their animals. Many Arabs lived in villages near the oases.

Snake charmer (Morocco)

4. Merchants who transported goods across the desert formed caravans to protect themselves from Bedouin attacks. Caravans are groups of traveling merchants and animals.

5. Trade grew and merchants founded towns along the trade routes. Makkah (Mecca) was the largest and wealthiest trade center and an important religious site visited by pilgrims.

6. In the middle of Mecca is the Kaaba, a low square building. Inside is a stone Arabs believe came from heaven.

7. Muslims consider Allah the creator.

II. Muhammad: Islam’s Prophet

1. Muhammad was born in Mecca in AD 570.

2. Muhammad went into the hills to pray upset with the town leaders and in the hills he was visited by an angel who told him to preach Islam.

3.Muhammad returned to Mecca and told the people to worship one god, Allah. Muhammad preached that all people are equal and the wealthy should share with the poor.

4. Many poor people began to accept Muhammad’s message and become Muslims or followers of Islam. Wealthy people did not like his message and made life difficult for Muhammad.

5. Muhammad and his followers left Mecca for Yathrib (Medina). This journey is called the Hajrah.

6. Yathrib welcomed the Muslims and renamed the city Medina.

7. Muhammad used the laws he believed he had received from god to rule the people of Medina, creating an Islamic state, or government that uses its political power to uphold Islam.

8. Mecca was made a holy city in a treaty that gave Muhammad control of Mecca

III. Islam’s Teachings 1. Islam, Judaism, and

Christianity have some beliefs in common: They believe in one God, the God of Abraham.

2. The Quran (Koran) is the holy book of Islam. Many teachings in the Quran are similar to the Bible.

3. Many rules in the Quran apply to Muslims’ daily life.

4. The Five Pillars of Islam are:

Faith (Shahadah), Prayer (Salat), Charity (Zakat), Fasting (Swam), Pilgrimage (Hajj) 5. The Sunna is the

name given to customs based on Muhammad’s words and deedsMuslims face Mecca when they pray

Chapter 2.1 Lecture Review 1. What is the Kaaba? Where is this located? 2. What do Muslims call god? 3. What was the Hajrah? 4. Who is the founder of Islam? 5. What is an Islamic State? 6. What is the Muslim holy book called? 7. What are the Five Pillars of faith? 8. How is Islam similar and different to Judaism

and Christianity?