israeli-palestinian conflict
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Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Background. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between Israel & Arab Palestinians What is at the heart of the conflict? Land, i.e. – Jerusalem!!!. Background. Background: Romans kicked Jews out of Palestine in 70 A.D . - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN
CONFLICT
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Background The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is an
ongoing dispute between Israel & Arab Palestinians
What is at the heart of the conflict? Land, i.e. – Jerusalem!!!
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Background Background: Romans kicked Jews
out of Palestine in 70 A.D. Jews spread throughout the world –
called the Great Diaspora
Anti-Semitism: hostility towards Jews
Zionism: movement for the return of the Jewish people to their homeland
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Conflict Over Palestine Britain controlled land after WWI Many wanted to move to Palestine
because of Zionism; asked for British support
Balfour Declaration (1917) – officially gave the Jews British support for the creation of a state of Israel
Zionist groups gave Jews money to buy land in Palestine; violence breaks out, esp. against Britain
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Haganah, Irgun, and Lehi 1921
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Founding of Israel
Zionist movement picks up even more speed following WWII because of the…
Holocaust: “completely burnt” systematic extermination of about 6 million Jews.
“Never Forget. Never Again.”
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Founding of Israel Post WW2:
Exhausted from fighting, Britain turns the problem over to the United Nations
1947: UN divides Palestine btw Jews & Arabs (2 Separate States)
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The Refugees 700,000 Palestinians
800,000 Jews
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Founding of Israel May 1948: Jews declare Israel’s creation
Some Arab countries refused to recognize Israel as a state b/c it symbolized western domination
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1948 Arab-Israeli War
Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and Lebanon sent troops to help the Arabs fight; Israel won and took ½ the Arabs’ land in Palestine
Palestinian refugee camps were set up in nearby Arab countries; many refuse to move out and give up land
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Palestinian Liberation Organization
Founded in 1964 to form a Palestinian state
Yasser Arafat was chairman of the PLO from 1969-2004 with his death
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PLO
Want to destroy Israel, use terrorist actions (bombings, airplane hijackings, kidnappings) against Israel and supporters (U.S.)
January 1965: PLO launched guerilla attacks against Israel, Israel attacks Syria & Jordan
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Six Day War (1967) Egypt signed an alliance
with Syria, Jordan and Iraq; moved troops into the Sinai Peninsula
Israel sees this as a threat and strikes back
How long did the war last???6 Days
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Aftermath
• Israel takes: Sinai Pen. and Gaza Strip from Egypt, Golan Heights from Syria, West Bank from Jordan, East Jerusalem from the Arabs
• Builds settlements on land taken following the war; violation of international law
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The First Intifada1987-1993
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Intifada – “the Shaking” Refers to Resisting
oppression Palestinians attacked Israeli
soldiers and citizens with ROCKS
the government imprisoned and deported many, destroyed homes of rebels, closed Arab schools
Israel criticized for violating rights
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Attempts at Peace Camp David Accords: Sept. 18,
1978: U.S. President Jimmy Carter hosts Egyptian president Anwar al-Sadat and Israeli prime-minister Menachem Begin at Camp David
Peace treaty signed March 26, 1979 giving Egypt the Sinai Pen. and Palestinians self rule in occupied land
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Attempts at Peace Oslo Accords (1993): Israel and the PLO would
recognize one another PLO would stop attacks Israel would withdraw its forces
from parts of the occupied territories
limited Palestinian self-rule in Gaza and Jericho, plan to phase in more self-rule
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The Second Intifada2000