ISSN 00364172-9 May 1981Volume 212, No. 4498

LEm S Depression Study:. I. E. Waskow and M. Pi Panrd; M. Ostow;wH. H. Strupp; R. M. Dawes; Multpe Uthorsi: D. de S. Price;Gossypol: Effect on Testosterone: .............................

EDITriAl. President Reagan, Science, and Engineenng...

ASThe Discovery of Carge Cogation-arity Asymmtry: V. L Fitch.Distal Regeneration and Symmet: S. V. Bryant, V. French, P. J. Bryant.

NS AND ooui1wr DODFunds More Research in Universities....................................Editorial Note ...........

RPI- Takes the High Tech Road ..............................................Brieing: DOD Announces Weapons Buying Reforms; Low-Fat

Diet Poses Little or No Cancer Risk; Koop NominationJeopw,dized; Columbia Looks Good, Second LaunchAn dounced..........................................................

Thbe Hmong- Dyiig- of Culte Shock? ................... ; .

Nuclear Pulse (0: Awakenig to the Chaos Factor.............................

AESMEARO NEW Pollution of the Arctic Atmosphere Confirned...........Is All Acid Rain Polluted?...................................................Antibodies: Geting Their Genes Together .....................

ANNUALuMEETDN Call for Contributed Papers..................................................

300Knvuw, The Intenational Energy Relations of China, reviewed by N. Lardy; TheContinental Crust and Its Mineral Deposits, R. W. Carlson;Uniicaton of the Fundamental-Parfticle Interactions, R. Slansky;Biost ataphy of Fossil Plants, L. J. Hickey; Biologie desSpongaires, J. J. Gilbert; Books Received ..

N

987

989

993

1003

1004

1005

1006

1008

1009

1013

1014

1015

i-ota

REPORTS Todorokites: A New Family of Naturally Occurring Manganese Oxides:S. Turner and P. R. Buseck ............ ................................. 1024

Erosion of Galilean Satellite Surfaces by Jovian Magnetosphere Particles:R. E. Johnson et al. ................................................... 1027

Interferon Action: RNA Cleavage Pattern of a (2'-5')Oligoadenylate-DependentEndonuclease: G. Floyd-Smith, E. Slattery, P. Lengyel .................... 1030

Inflammatory Toxin from Mycoplasma bovis: Isolation and Characterization:S. J. Geary, M. E. Tourtellotte, J. A. Cameron ...... ..................... 1032

Somatic Cell Hybrids from Frog Lymphocytes and Mouse Myeloma Cells:H. Hengartner and L. Du Pasquier ......... ............................. 1034

Purine Resistant Mutants of Drosophila Are Adenine PhosphoribosyltransferaseDeficient: D. H. Johnson and T. B. Friedman ............................. 1035

Cloning of Naturally Occurring Mixed Infections of Malaria Parasites:V. Rosario ............... ............................................. 1037

Polyphenolic Substance of Mytilus edulis: Novel Adhesive Containing L-Dopaand Hydroxyproline: J. H. Waite and M. L. Tanzer ...... ................. 1038

Dictyota dichotoma (Phaeophyceae): Identification of the Sperm Attractant:D. G. Muller et al ...................................................... 1040

Contractility of Bile Canaliculi: Implications for Liver Function:C. Oshio and M. J. Phillips ............ ................................. 1041

Helical Mycoplasmas (Spiroplasmas) from Ixodes Ticks: J. G. Tully et al. ....... 1043

Salt Glands in the Tongue of the Estuarine Crocodile Crocodylus Porosus:L. E. Taplin and G. C. Grigg ............................................ 1045

Transbilayer Phospholipid Asymmetry in Plasmodium knowlesi-Infected HostCell Membrane: C. M. Gupta and G. C. Mishra ........................... 1047

Substance P Activity in the Bullfrog Retina: Localization and Identification inSeveral Vertebrate Species: R. L. Eskay, J. F. Furness, R. T. Long .... .... 1049

Phencyclidine, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, and Mescaline: Cerebral ArterySpasms and Hallucinogenic Activity: B. T. Altura and B. M. Altura......... 1051

Dentition of Chilean Paleo-Indians and Peopling of the Americas:C. G. Turner II and J. Bird .............................................. 1053

Familial Studies of Intelligence: A Review: T. J. Bouchard, Jr., andM. McGue ............... ............................................. 1055

Modular Segregation of Functional Cell Classes Within the PostcentralSomatosensory Cortex of Monkeys: M. Sur, J. T. Wall, J. H. Kaas......... 1059

Human Homing: An Elusive Phenomenon: J. L. Gould and K. P. Able ..... ..... 1061

Myelinated Central Vertebrate Axon Lacks Voltage-Sensitive PotassiumConductance: C. Kaars and D. S. Faber ....... .......................... 1063

Chemical Modification of Carotid Body Chemoreception by Sulfhydryls:S. Lahiri ............... ............................................... 1065

CODVER

Transmission electron micrographshowing overlapping fibers of todoro-kite, a constituent of deep-sea manga-nese nodules and manganese ore de-posits. The fine lines visible along thefibers result from lon. tunnels in thetodorokite structure. Valuable metalatoms such as copper and iron arepossibly situated in the tunnel walls ofmarine todorokites (about x 517,000).See page 1024. [S. Turner and P. R.Buseck, Arizona State University,Tempe]

29 May 1981, Volume 212, Number 4498

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR PresTHE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE

Science serves its readers as a forum for the presenta- Intion and discussion of important issues related to theadvancement of science, including the presentation of considminority or conflicting points of view, rather than by LdApublishing only material on which a consensus has been udgereached. Accordingly, all articles published in Sci- Repreence-including editorials, news and comment, andbook reviews-are signed and reflect the individual Houseviews of the authors and not official points of view Otheradopted by the AAAS or the institutions with which the Cauthors are affiliated. Congr

Editorial Board federa1981: PETER BELL, BRYCE CRAWFORD, JR., E. PETER indica

GEIDUSCHEK, EMIL W. HAURY, SALLY GREGORYKOHLSTEDT, MANCUR OLSON, PETER H. RAVEN, WIL- dunngLIAM P. SLICHTER, FREDERIC G. WORDEN t]1982: WILLIAM ESTES, CLEMENT L. MARKERT, JOHN wayR. PIERCE, BRYANT W. ROSSITER, VERA C. RUBIN, madeMAXINE F. SINGER, PAUL E. WAGGONER, ALEXANDER to beZUCKER

Publisher goals.WILLIAM D. CAREY for ex

Editor questiPHILIP H. ABELSON the Pr

EdItorI Staff ForManaging Editor Business ManagerROBERT V. ORMES HANS NUSSBAUM econoAssistant Managing Editor Production Editor Of thiJOHN E. RINGLE ELLEN E. MURPHYNews Editor: BARBARA J. CULLITON platfo]News and Comment: WILLIAM J. BROAD, LUTHER J. platoCARTER, CONSTANCE HOLDEN, ELIOT MARSHALL, 40 wo

COLIN NORMAN, R. JEFFREY SMITH, MARJORIE SUN, (abOU1NICHOLAS WADE, JOHN WALSHResearch News: RICHARD A. KERR, GINA BARI tage h

KOLATA, ROGER LEWIN, JEAN L. MARX, THOMAS H. techn4MAUGH II, ARTHUR L. ROBINSON, M. MITCHELLWALDROP postelAdministrative Assistant, News: SCHERRAINE MACK; blank.Editorial Assistants, News: FANNIE GROOM, CASSAN-

DRA WATTs to elicSenior Editors: ELEANORE BUTZ, MARY DORFMAN,RUTH KULSTAD comrAssociate Editors: SYLVIA EBERHART, CAITILIN GOR- Engino

DON, LOIS SCHMITTAssistant Editors: MARTHA COLLINS, STEPHEN submil

KEPPLE, EDITH MEYERS engineBook Reviews: KATHERINE LIVINGSTON, Editor; LIN-DA HEISERMAN, JANET KEGG questi

Letters: CHRISTINE GILBERT OCopy Editor: ISABELLA BOULDIN urProduction: NANCY HARTNAGEL, JOHN BAKER; ROSE al Col

LOWERY; HOLLY BISHOP, ELEANOR WARNER; JEANROCKWOOD, LEAH RYAN, SHARON RYAN, ROBIN anytWHYTE Fla.),Covers, Reprints, and Permissions: GRAYCE FINGER,Editor; GERALDINE CRUMP, CORRINE HARRIS providGuide to Scientific Instruments: RICHARD G. SOMMER SchmiAssistants to the Editors: SUSAN ELLIOTT, DIANE

HOLLAND HoweMembership Recruitment: GWENDOLYN HUDDLEMember and Subscription Records: ANN RAGLAND geolog

EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE: 1515 Massachu- mitteesetts Ave., NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Area code202. General Editorial Office, 467-4350; Book Reviews, COPY467-4367; Guide to Scientific Instruments, 467-4480; he staNews and Comment, 467-4430; Reprints and Permis-sions, 467-4483; Research News, 4674321. Cable: Ad- been svancesci, Washington. For "Information for Contribu- chemitors," write to the editorial office or see page xi,Science, 27 March 1981. OthlBUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE: Area Code 202. ifMembership and Subscriptions: 4674417. man z

Advertsing Representatives peoplDirector: EARL J. SCHERAGO compaProduction Manager: GINA REILLY compiAdvertising Sales Manager: RICHARD L. CHARLES eSPeCIMarketing Manager: HERBERT L. BURKLUND formu:

Sales: NEW YoRK, N.Y. 10036: Steve Hamburger, 1515 LBroadway (212-730-1050); SCOTCH PLAINS, N.J. 07076: techncC. Richard Callis, 12 Unami Lane (201-889-4873); CHi- this yCAGO, ILL. 60611: Jack Ryan, Room 2107, 919 N.Michigan Ave. (312-337-4973); BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF. favora9021 1: Winn Nance, 111 N. La Cienega Blvd. (213-657- The2772); DoRSET, VT. 05251: Fred W. Dieffenbach, KentHill Rd. (802-867-5581). ing Co]ADVERTISING CORRESPONDENCE: Tenth floor, the loI1515 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10036. Phone: 212-730-1050. nation

SCIENCE

sident Reagan, Science, and Engineering

his first 4 months in office President Reagan has demonstratedderable political acumen. He has focused major public attention ont cutting, an issue he could win on. The recent victory in the House ofsentatives' vote on budget cuts makes it seem likely that the Whitee will be a dominant factor in budget decisions for years to come.victories are likely to follow. Twenty-five years of Democratic

resses have left some easy targets in such areas as federal paperwork,al regulations, and excessive taxation. Mr. Reagan's actions to dateite that he intends to move energetically toward goals he enunciatedg his campaign. It is quite possible that he will continue to perform in athat most presidents before him have avoided. Ordinarily, promisesduring a campaign are quickly forgotten, but Mr. Reagan may turn outone of the exceptional presidents who reaches many of his announcedBut sooner or later, the President is likely to run out of easy triumphs;xample, his proposed cure for the nation's economic problems isionable. In view of the record to date, it seems worthwhile to examineresident's positions with respect to science and engineering.the longer term, if this nation is to enjoy security and to compete

)mically, it must foster a strong scientific and engineering competence.isthe Reagan camp seems unaware. The 32,000-word 1980 Republicanrm made no mention of medical research. One tiny paragraph (abouttrds) was devoted to research on renewable energy. Another paragraphI 50 words) contained the following: "America's technological advan-as always depended upon its interaction with our civilian science andology sector." A search of the New York Times index for pre- orlection treatment of science or technology by Mr. Reagan drew aDuring the campaign, substantial efforts were made by publications

cit information concerning attitudes toward science and engineering.nents published in the 27 October 1980 issue of Chemical andleering News were brief and not particularly responsive. The materialitted by the Reagan camp for publication in the October issue of theeering journal Spectrum was an insult to the profession. Someions were unanswered. Responses were uninformative.r search for documentary information included the Republican Nation-mmittee and the White House Press Information Office. Neither hading positive to contribute. A call to Representative Don Fuqua (D-chairman of the House Committee on Science and Technology,ded no insight about Reagan. A call to the office of Senator Harrisonitt (R-N.M.) also yielded no further information about Reagan.ver, Schmitt, the former astronaut who holds a Ph.D. degree ingy and is chairman of the Science, Technology, and Space Subcom-of the Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee, sent us a

of a letter he had written to Budget Director David Stockman in whichunchly defended scientific research. Other congressmen who havesupportive are James G. Martin (R-N.C.), who holds a Ph.D. degree inistry, and Don Ritter (R-Pa.), who has a Ph.D. in metallurgy.ers in influential positions whose opinions have not yet been openlyested are industrial scientists and engineers. Today some of thesee are found among top management in many of the most successfulanies. They are aware of the nation's needs for higher education,ially that in the sciences. A very distinguished group of them hasilated a constructive program for meeting the nation's scientific andological needs. The document was submitted to the White House earlyrear. The authors have received assurances that their report wastbly received, but as yet it has not been publicly released.Reagan camp has so far chosen to ignore the scientific and engineer-ommunity. For the short run, it may be able to afford to do so. But forng term, it can ill afford to lose support among those who advance thisI's technological strength.-PHILIP H. ABELSON