Issues Leading to the Issues Leading to the Civil WarCivil War

Southerners threaten Southerners threaten secession to get what they secession to get what they

want!!!want!!!

Northwest Ordinance Northwest Ordinance 17871787

All states North of All states North of Ohio RiverOhio River = = FREEFREE

All states South of Ohio River = All states South of Ohio River = SLAVESLAVE

Missouri CompromiseMissouri Compromise

Southern states threatened to break Southern states threatened to break (secede) from Union if Missouri (secede) from Union if Missouri became a “free” statebecame a “free” state

So… Missouri = slave; Maine = freeSo… Missouri = slave; Maine = free 36’30 parallel36’30 parallel – North of it free, South – North of it free, South

of it slaveof it slave kept Union together; but no one kept Union together; but no one

happyhappy # of slave and free states EQUAL!# of slave and free states EQUAL!

Missouri Compromise LineMissouri Compromise Line

SectionalismSectionalism

Loyalty to a region, not the entire Loyalty to a region, not the entire nationnation

Compromise of 1850Compromise of 1850 California = free state; New Mexico California = free state; New Mexico

& Utah = slave state& Utah = slave state Passed a stricter Fugitive Slave Passed a stricter Fugitive Slave

Law – returning slaves to their Law – returning slaves to their owners when they would run awayowners when they would run away

Southerners threaten secession if Southerners threaten secession if Fugitive Slave Law not enforcedFugitive Slave Law not enforced wasn’t enforcedwasn’t enforced

Harriet Beecher StoweHarriet Beecher Stowe

Uncle Tom’s Uncle Tom’s CabinCabin

book that book that turned many turned many Northerners Northerners against slaveryagainst slavery

author scorned author scorned by Southby South

Kansas-Kansas-Nebraska ActNebraska Act

cancelled Missouri Compromisecancelled Missouri Compromiseallow settlers to decide issue of allow settlers to decide issue of slaveryslavery

popular sovereigntypopular sovereignty – rule by the people – rule by the people North = upset, South = happyNorth = upset, South = happy

struggle over slavery turned violentstruggle over slavery turned violent ““Bleeding Kansas” – violence between Bleeding Kansas” – violence between

pro and anti slavery forcespro and anti slavery forces

Dred Scott CaseDred Scott Case slave from Missouri who was taken to slave from Missouri who was taken to

Wisconsin (a free state)Wisconsin (a free state) sued to gain freedom when sued to gain freedom when

returning to Missouri returning to Missouri said he was made free in Wisconsinsaid he was made free in Wisconsin Decision of case:Decision of case:

1. 1. Was not a citizenWas not a citizen – could not bring – could not bring case to court - and could not become a case to court - and could not become a citizencitizen

2. Fugitive Slave law must be enforced2. Fugitive Slave law must be enforced 3. Missouri Compromise was 3. Missouri Compromise was

unconstitutionalunconstitutional

55thth Amendment Amendment

slaves are propertyslaves are property – Scott was a – Scott was a slaveslave

Property cannot be taken away Property cannot be taken away without due processwithout due process

South = happy; North = madSouth = happy; North = mad

Republican PartyRepublican Party

new party formednew party formed believed no man can own believed no man can own

anotheranother nominated Abraham Lincoln for nominated Abraham Lincoln for

Illinois Senator Illinois Senator he lost he lost (Stephen Douglas wins!)(Stephen Douglas wins!)

LincolnLincolnhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L80_q2tPveohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L80_q2tPveo

did not want did not want Union divided Union divided over slaveryover slavery

slavery is a moral slavery is a moral issue, not a legal issue, not a legal oneone

not an abolitionist not an abolitionist but wanted to but wanted to stop slavery from stop slavery from spreading into spreading into new territoriesnew territories

John John BrownBrown

Abolitionist (Radical)Abolitionist (Radical) Raided Raided Harpers FerryHarpers Ferry in in

Virginia Virginia wanted weapons to wanted weapons to

arm slaves for rebellionarm slaves for rebellion all men caught, tried, all men caught, tried,

hanged hanged

Presidential Election of Presidential Election of 18601860

Lincoln wonLincoln won Election results made Election results made

it clear: the nation no it clear: the nation no longer wanted longer wanted compromisecompromise

Now 18 free states, 15 Now 18 free states, 15 slave statesslave states

with Republican party with Republican party = South is upset!= South is upset!

SecessionSecession South saw Lincoln as an South saw Lincoln as an

abolitionistabolitionist South Carolina – first state to South Carolina – first state to

break away from Unionbreak away from Union

Fort SumterFort Sumter 18611861 Southerners captured federal Southerners captured federal

fort for weaponsfort for weapons 11stst battle of the Civil War battle of the Civil War no one killed, but surrendered no one killed, but surrendered

to Southto South

Confederacy EstablishedConfederacy Established

18611861 seceding states formed a new seceding states formed a new

nation, the nation, the Confederate States Confederate States of Americaof America, with its president = , with its president = Jefferson DavisJefferson Davis

SUMMARYSUMMARY

QUIZ TIME!QUIZ TIME! http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=CCOco6-eK8Mv=CCOco6-eK8M

1. What river was the original 1. What river was the original boundary line (in 1787) that boundary line (in 1787) that separated North from South?separated North from South?

2. Because of westward expansion 2. Because of westward expansion into Missouri, what would be the new into Missouri, what would be the new boundary line between North and boundary line between North and South? What is the problem with South? What is the problem with that compromise?that compromise?

3. Why were both the North and 3. Why were both the North and South so worried about adding one South so worried about adding one more slave/free state? more slave/free state?

4. What book created a huge uproar 4. What book created a huge uproar and changed the way Northerners and changed the way Northerners thought about slavery? thought about slavery?

5. Which law promoted popular 5. Which law promoted popular sovereignty (when voters would get sovereignty (when voters would get to decide whether or not to have to decide whether or not to have slavery)? slavery)?

6. What Supreme Court case sealed 6. What Supreme Court case sealed the fate of many blacks who wanted the fate of many blacks who wanted to escape to freedom, but now could to escape to freedom, but now could be hunted because they were be hunted because they were property? property?

7. What political party was 7. What political party was established that took a strong established that took a strong position against slavery, believing position against slavery, believing that no man can own another?that no man can own another?

8. What man decided to lead a 8. What man decided to lead a revolt in the south, hoping to arm the revolt in the south, hoping to arm the slaves, but was caught and killed?slaves, but was caught and killed?

9. Who won the Presidential election 9. Who won the Presidential election of 1860 as the first Republican of 1860 as the first Republican President? President?

10. Name the newly formed 10. Name the newly formed southern country.southern country.