istanbul - sultanahmet (türkçe - english)

7/31/2019 Istanbul - Sultanahmet (Trke - English)

1/73

Gbi~w $ Cobnm Bonpmn6

wsila~b + W~bsiliekns

%Sqmn + Nlhbowe/

!wsila~b wntnq wnlo wnl wsila~b~ wntnqwnl ,,,!

xxx,owsila~b3yj~+djsjhqidgowo,gjk

sxossnq,gjk

dignajjm,gjk
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2/73


3/73

Gbi~w $ Cobnm Bonpmn6 wsila~b + W~bsiliekns

!wsila~b wntnq wnlo wnl wsila~b~ wntnqwnl ,,,!

!Owsila~b bjtnw j~" od j~ bjtn Owsila~b" sjj ,,,!

wsila~b + W~bsiliekns6 Eiti Djsjqid + Inqoib Tonx

Iiwjdi + Eihoi WjpeoiHibisi M~bnwo(lcnl + Tonx dqjk sen Hibisi SjxnqKiqkiqi Cnlov(olcnl + Tonx dqjk sen Wni jd KiqkiqiMobownwo + Ge~qge r Gikoo + Kjwy~n r Kvnwo + K~wn~k

OOO, Iekns nknwo + Dj~lsiol jd W~bsil Ieknc OOO

Wj~mnkn Wjmi +Wj~mnkn Biln

_nqnaisil Wiqlg + Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Iskjwdnq tni cnsi: + Iskjwpenqn jq Cnsiobw:Aibm + Botolh DowenwKnc~wiCobnm Eit~v~ + Xoweolh XnbbHv _i Ws~l~ + Sniqw Gjb~kl

Kobjl Si + Kobojl %Kobnw/ Wsjln

Doq~v Ii Gikoo + Doq~v Ii Kjwy~n

S~qovk Pjbowo + Sj~qows Pjbogn

S~qovk Cilki Aqjw~ + Sj~qows Jddogn

W~bsiliekns6 Piqm $ Qocn + Olboln WmisnwKnekns Imod Nqwj Piqm + Knekns Imod Nqwj Piqm

W~bsiliekns Piqm + W~bsiliekns PiqmHngn Vikil + Is LohesW~ J~lbiq + Dj~lsiolwMiq Vikil + WljxBibn Vikil + S~bopw Abjjk

W~bsiliekns Kncil tn Piqm + W~bsiliekns Wy~iqn $ Piqm6liis %1099+1091/ + Gjlwsq~gsojl Xjqmw %1099+1091/

Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikik + Eiwnmo Eqqnk Wsnik Aise

wsila~b Wilisbiq iqw | Owsila~b Eilcogqidsw Gnlsnq |

W~bsiliekns Gikoo + Ab~n Kjwy~nHibisi M~bnwo(lcnl + Tonx dqjk sen Hibisi SjxnqKiqkiqi Cnlovo(lcnl + Tonx dqjk sen Wni jd KiqkiqiKoliqn + KoliqnswMiq Vikil + Wljx rHngn Vikil + Is Lohes r Bibn Vikil + S~bopw AbjjkKie | Geiol jd Bohesw xose Qnbohoj~w Snusw

Is Kncil + EoppjcqjknIbkil nknwo + Hnqkil Dj~lsiolComobosi + Janbowm jd Se~skjwn OOO_bilb Ws~l + Wnqpnls Gjb~klqkn Ws~l + Xibbnc JanbowmSqm tn wbik Nwnqbnqo Kvnwo + S~qmowe ilc Owbikog Iqsw K~wn~k


4/73


Eiti Djsjqid + Inqoib Tonx

Siqoeol knqmnvolcn nq ibil W~bsiliekns wnkso hnbngnol s~qovkoln eivqbiljq, W~bsilieknsKncil" W~bsiliekns Piqm tn Is Kncil nlobnlojq, ^lnwgj Cli Koqiw mipwiklcimo a~ hvnbibil okco ciei ci eiqnmnsbo, _nlobnlnl ibilbiq snmnqbnmbo wilcibn" pisnl %olbolnwmisnw/" mimisiesiw %wmisnajiqc/ tn jg~m iqiaibiq tn conq iqibiq ool am mjbibmbiq wibiigim nmobcncvnlbnlko, W~bsilieknssn hnqnmbnsoqobnl nlobnlkn tn cnookbnqn qlnm jbiqim moqibmaowombnsbnq ool iqbil Piqm$Qocn owsiwjlbiq" imbb snbndjlbiq ool YQ %!Y~ogm Qnwpjlwn!" !MjbiNqook!" !Miqn!/ mjcbiq" xxx,siqoewnwbnlojq,gjk hoao aobho piljbiq" viasibiql m~bbilc snmnqbnmbo nbnmsqombo aowombnsbnq tnqbnaoboq,

W~bsiliekns" sen eowsjqog gnlsnq jd Owsila~b" ow hnssolh qnic djq sen sj~qowk sj gjkn, Aqncnwohlolh W~bsiliekns wy~iqn $ piqm iw xnbb iw sen Eoppjcqjkn" seow Xjqbc Enqosihn Wosn gil aniggnwwnc kjqn niwob a xennbgeioq ~wnqw" a~s ibwj olboln wmisnqw" wmisnajiqcnqw ilc aiagiqqoihnw, Piqm $ Qocn wsisojlw djq aoggbnw" oldjqkisojl ajiqcw xose YQ gjcnw djq kjaobn cntognw%xxx,siqoewnwbnlojq,gjk" ]YQ Gjcn ow i qnhowsnqnc sqicnkiqm jd CNLWJ XITN OLG,,/" ilc biws a~sljs bniws sen olgqniwnc kjaobos jd sen gos pjbogn %Viasi/ jl gjkpigs nbngsqog seqnn+xennbnqw iqnnuikpbnw jd geilhn,


5/73


6/73

Iyiwjdyi

Eihoi Wjpeoi

Hnkosn Eqowsoilbl nl am tn nl lnkbo mobownbnqolcnl jbil Iiwjdi Picoie Disoe W~bsilKneknc siqidlcil wsila~b(~l Dnseolcnl wjlqi 93>7 blci gikon clsqbksq, A~ kokiqo

clk dnsoesnl wjlqimo obm G~ki likiv obn aibiksq, Aibilhsi Picoie Disoe W~bsil Knekncaoq koliqn ipsqk jb~p jb~ W~bsil bb, Ainvoc clnkolcn omolgo koliqn ipsqbiqim mobown jbiqimoli ncobnl Iiwjdi sikiknl gikon ntqobkosoq, _nlo ic Iiwjdi Gikoo jbil kokiqo ipi 94,vbci Kokiq Wolil siqidlcil omo koliqn ciei nmbnlnqnm conq gikobnq ool qlnm aoq kjcnb eibolnhnbkosoq, 9?73 blci Sqmon G~ke~qonsolol m~q~g~w~ K~wsidi Mnkib Isisqm siqidlcil a~ gikokvn eiboln hnsoqobkosoq, Iiwjdi aoq mi am cnpqnk hqknwoln qiknl hlkvn miciqiimsi mibiaobkno aiiqksq, wsila~b(~l wob~nsolol jm lnkbo aoq siqoeo ipwcq,

Jlgn sen biqhnws ilc kjws okpjqsils ge~qge ol Geqowsnlcjk" ol 93>7 idsnq sen gjly~nws jdGjlwsilsoljpbn a W~bsil Kneknc OO os xiw gjltnqsnc okkncoisnb olsj Owsila~b(w doqws kjwy~n, F~wsi dnx ciw idsnq sen gjly~nws sen doqws Dqoci pqinq eippnlnc ol sen qnliknc !Iiwjdi!, Olosoibbxose jlb jln koliqns c~qolh sen w~bsilisn jd Kneknc OO %sen Gjly~nqjq/" i wngjlc koliqns xiwnqngsnc c~qolh sen qnohl jd eow wjl W~bsil Ainvoc OO, Dolibb ol sen 94se gnls~q sen gj~qs iqgeosngsKokiq Wolil gjlwsq~gsnc sxj d~qsenq koliqnsw, Os wnqtnc iw i kjcnb djq kil jsenq kjwy~nw, 9?73sen dj~lcnq jd sen Qnp~abog jd S~qmn" K~wsidi Mnkib Isisqm" qny~nwsnc osw sqilwdjqkisojl olsj ik~wn~k, Sen pqnwnls wsq~gs~qn eiw w~qtotnc wntnqib kifjq niqsey~imnw ilc ow il olsnhqib piqs jdsen Owsila~b wmboln,


7/73

Iyiwjdyi + Eihoi Wjpeoi


8/73


9/73

Iyiwjdyi + Eihoi Wjpeoi


10/73

Kiqkiqi Cnlovo(lcnl + Tonx dqjk sen Wni jd Kiqkiqi


11/73

Iyiwjdyi

Mobownwo

Eihoi Wjpeoi

Ge~qge


12/73

Iiwjdi

Gikoo

Eihoi Wjpeoi

Kjwy~n


13/73

Iyiwjdyi

Kvnwo

Eihoi Wjpeoi

K~wn~k


14/73

OOO, Iekns nknwo

Dj~lsiol jd W~bsil Ieknc OOO

A~ nkn Iyiwjdyi(ll jm yillci tn Sjpmip Wiqiy Ibiy Knycil(ll Aym Mip %Aia+Ekiy~l/ wll enknl llcn ynq ibkimsicq, 9815 yblci OOO, W~bsil Ieknc siqidlcilyipsqbclcil cjbiy OOO, Iekns nknwo icl ibksq, Siqoeo nkn j clnkol olwilbiqli w~ tnnqansbnqol omqik ncobcoo aoq yip jbiqim eovknsn w~l~bk~s~q, A~ siqoeo nkn iyl vikilci SqmQjmjmj siqvli jm cnnqbo aoq qlnm jbiqim hqbknmsncoq, Kokiqo yip Iqipi eis yivbiq" onmmiaiqskib ynob tn kito olo wwbnknbnqo obn Bibn Cntqolcnl hnbnl aoq kgntenqcoq,

Sen Dj~lsiol jd W~bsil Ieknc OOO" a~obs ol 9815" ow bjgisnc gbjwn sj sen Eihoi Wjpeoi + ol dqjls jd senOkpnqoib Hisn %Aia+ Ekiy~l/ jd sen doqws gj~qsyiqc jd Sjpmip Pibign %Sjpmip Wiqiy/, Is seowdjqknq p~abog cqolmolh dj~lsiol %!nkn!/ xisnq jq dq~os dbitjqnc xisnq %!wenqans!/ xiw wnqtnc, Sendj~lsiol ow i hnk jd sen S~qmowe qjgjgj dqjk sen S~bop Nqi %!Bbn Cntqo!/ xose Iqiaog gibbohqipey"dbjqib qnbondw ilc jqliknlsw xose ab~n ilc hqnnl sobnw,


15/73


16/73

Wj~mnkn Wjmi

Wj~mnkn Biln

wsila~b(ci" Jwkilb Clnkolcn j~lb~mbi ieip jbil ntbnqol ilgim aoqmi ilhll tn cnpqnkbnqwjlqiw iimsi mibiqim hlkvn ~biiaobkosoq, A~ ntbnqol nl hvnb qlnmbnqolcnl aoq mwklWj~mnkncn hqknm kkmlcq, Sjpmip Wiqi iqivowo tn Iiwjdi iqiwlci a~b~lilWj~mnkn mjq~ki ikib jbiqim sqidon mipibcq, Wj~mnkncnmo siqoeo ieip ntbnq !SqmS~qolh tn Jsjkjaob M~q~k~! %SSJM/ siqidlcil hnkosnmo iwbli ~h~l jbiqim vnlbn qnwsjqnncobkobnqcoq, A~hl a~ wjmimsi jbil %!S~qolh Iiwjdi Mjlimbiq! tn !Iiwjdi Gjm~l Ej~wn!/jsnbbnqo" il vikilci !wsila~b Mosipb! iclci ibk aoq mspeilnlol il wqi nwmo aoq wiqloolcn sjljvb~ aoq qnwsjqil nq ibkimsicq,

Tnq dnx xjjcnl ej~wnw dqjk sen Jssjkil pnqojc w~qtotnc sen kil doqnw ilc niqsey~imnw olOwsila~b, Ol seow giq+dqnn !Biln jd sen Gjbc Dj~lsiol! %Wj~mnkn Wjmi/" ansxnnl Eihoi Wjpeoiilc sen pqnkownw jd sen Sjpmipo Pibign i wnqonw jd xjjcnl ej~wnw eitn annl giqnd~bb qnwsjqnc olsen biws gnls~q a sen !S~qmowe Sj~qolh ilc I~sjkjaobn Gb~a! %SSJM6 Sqmon S~qolh tn JsjkjaobM~q~k~/, Anwocn ejsnb qjjkw %!S~qolh Iiwjdi Mjlimbiq! ilc !Iiwjdi Gjwm~l Ej~wn!/" ilOwsila~b boaqiq %!Owsila~b Mosipb!/ ilc i qnwsi~qils ol sen ti~bsw jd il jbc gowsnql %!Wiqlo!/ iqnbjgisnc ol seow biln,


17/73

Wj~mnkn Wjmi


18/73

Wj~mnkn Biln


19/73


20/73

_nqnaisil Wiqlg

wsila~b(ci hnko vikil Qjki olwilbiqll w~ oesoig ool nl am nqibs wiqlg ipbiqim 930ku 80k aoq ibili ibk 900 000 sjl w~ mipiwosnwol cnl jb~kimsicq, Enq aoqo ? knsqnmwnmboolcn jbil 774 knqknq ws~l cil jb~il am w~ cnpjw~c~q, Anbhqic Jqkil m~vn

aiswlci jbil nqbnok nqbnqoln w~ oesoig a~qicil miqbilksq, Jwkilbbiq okn w~~ snkolo oolimil w~ snqgoe nssoo ool" okn w~~ cnpjbiki 93>7 blci wsila~b(~l dnseolcnl wjlqi lnkolomianskosoq, _nqnaisil Wiqlg jm ws~l jbc~~ oolcn ((_nqnaisil Wiqi(( jbiqim aobolnl nqhnko vikil ci aivobomi mobown hoao cn jbc~~ ool ((Aivobomi Wiqlg(( ic obn cn aoboloq, 9?50( bnqcnnlobnkn wjlqi" wiql eibmi ibksq, Wiqlgl oolcn s~qowsbnq ool a~qici iiil aibmbiq tn omosiln Knc~wi midibiq enmnbbnqo iqgi !Cobnm Si(( il wqi wiqlgl oolcn" !Hv _i Ws~l~!voiqnsobnqo jm nsmobnknmsncoq,

Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Jlgn sen biqhnws Qjkil w~asnqqilnil gowsnql ol Owsila~b %gipigos djq 900 000 sjlw jd xisnq" 774kiqabn gjb~klw nige ? knsnqw eohe" wpqnic jtnq il iqni jd 930k u 80k/ wsjqnc xisnq dqjk senAnbhqicn Djqnws" ljqse+xnws jd sen gos, Iw sen Jssjkilw pqndnqqnc dqnwe xisnq djq cqolmolh xisnqw~ppb" seow pjsiabn xisnq wsjqihn wjjl bjws wohlodogilgn idsnq sen gjly~nws jd Gjlwsilsoljpbn ol93>7, Sen !Aiwobogi Gowsnql! %senqn jlgn xiw i Aiwobogi iajtn sen bisnq gowsnql ol Qjkil soknw/ owibwj gibbnc !W~lmnl Pibign! %_nqnaisil Wiqi/ angi~wn jd osw kil gjb~klw, Idsnq sen qnwsjqisojl

ol sen 9?50w" sen gowsnql xiw jpnlnc sj sen p~abog, Anwocn sxj Knc~win" i !Xoweolh Xnbb! %!CobnmEit~v~!/" i !Sniqw Gjb~kl! %!Hjv _iwo Ws~l~!/ ilc botolh dowenw gil an wnnl,


21/73

_nqnaisil Wiqlg

Iskjwdnq tnyi cnsiy:


22/73

Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Iskjwpenqn jq Cnsiobw:


23/73


24/73

_nqnaisil Wiqlg + Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Aibm + Botolh Dowenw


25/73

_nqnaisil Wiqlg

Knc~wi

Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Knc~wi


26/73

_nqnaisil Wiqlg

Cobnm Eit~v~ + Xoweolh Xnbb

Aiwobogi Gowsnql

Hv _i Ws~l~ + Sniqw Gjb~kl


27/73

Kobyjl Si

770 yblci kpiqisjq Aym Mjlwsilsol siqidlcil ynlo aimnls jbiqim Aovilw wnobkosoq, Nwmoaimnls lb Qjki omnl ynlo aimnlsol ic Mjlwsilsoljpjbow %Mjlwsilsoloyyn/ (coq, Nwmo aimnlsQjki(cil %((Asl yjbbiq Qjki(yi miq!/ jbc~~ hoao qlnm ibliqim ((_nlo Qjki(( %bisolgn !LjtiQjki!/ ll knqmnvolo hwsnqnl aoq kob si !Kobyjl ]neoq[ si! %Ibsl Mobjknsqn Si + bisolgn6

!Kobboiqo~k I~qn~k!/ eosianwo obn aoqbomsn okpiqisjq siqidlcil yipsqbksq, A~ si" aibilh yi ciaoso ljmsiw jbiqim mia~b ncobop clyicimo conq neoqbnqol ynlo aimnlssnl ln miciq ~vimsijbc~~l~ enwipbikim ool m~bbilbkimsiyc, 9?40 yblci _nqnaisil Wiqlogo yimlcimo oliisibkibiq wqiwlci jqsiyi miqbil a~ si miblsw Qjki(ll siqoesnmo lb yjb~ !Toi Nhlisoi!ll ciaibilh ljmsiw jbk~s~q,

Kobojl %Kobnw/ Wsjln

Ol sen yniq 770 Gjlwsilsoln sen Hqnis qnpbignc sen ilgonls Qjkn ay Ayvilso~k iw sen giposib jd senQjkil Nkpoqn ilc liknc os idsnq eok6 !Gjlwsilsoljpbn!, Seow !Lnx Qjkn! %Ljti Qjki/ ibwjlnncnc i kobn kiqmnq %kobboiqo~k I~qn~k/ djbbjxolh osw nuikpbn ol Qjkn %Ibb qjicw bnic sj Qjkn +!Jklnw toin Qjkik c~g~ls!/ cowpbiyolh cowsilgnw dqjk sen %lnx/ gnlsnq jd sen nkpoqn, C~qolhgjlwsq~gsojl xjqmw ol sen 9?40w" seow qnbog xiw dj~lc lniq sen Aiwobogi Gowsnql iw i qnklils jd senwsiqsolh pjols jd sen Qjkil qjic !Toi Nhlisoi!,


28/73

Doq~v Ii Gikoo

Snm koliqnwo jbil tn wjb siqidsi eiti djsjqidlcil ci hqbnaobnl a~ mm gikoo W~bsil OO,Anivsl wikil Doq~vii ipsqksq, 93?9 blci oli ncobnl giko il vikilci wsila~b(~l nlnwmo gikobnqolcnl aoqo jbiqim aobolknmsncoq, Aoq vikilbiql ili jb~ jbil !Cotil _jb~! vnqolcnmoknqmnvo mjl~k~" likiv timosbnqolcn oaicns ncngnm Kwbkilbiqi evb tn mjbi nqook wibikiwgikolol commis nmnl aoq conq vnbboocoq, p~g~6 ntqnwolcn jm wici giko jbkiwli qiknloaicns wiisbnqolcn a~ gikocnl jm~lil nvil wnwo conq gikobnqbn ~~k oolcncoq, Sqanbnqn cn imljbil giko oaicns nsknm owsnnlbnq ool jm ~h~l aoq knmil jbki vnbboolcncoq,

Doq~v Ii Kjwy~n

Seow wkibb kjwy~n %bnds wocn jl sen inqoib pejsj/ xose jln wolhbn koliqns ow liknc idsnq sensqniw~qnq jd W~bsil Anivos OO, A~obs ol 93?9 os ow jln jd sen jbcnws kjwy~nw ol Owsila~b, Osw gnlsqibbjgisojl jl sen kiol qjic !Cotil _jb~! ibbjxw y~ogm iggnww sj sen ciob pqinq soknw, Sop6 Ol oswtogolos sen wj~lc jd sen pqinq gibbw dqjk sen w~qqj~lcolh kjwy~nw iqn tnq eiqkjloj~w,


29/73

S~qovk Pjbowo

Sj~qows Pjbogn


30/73

S~qovk Cilki Aqjw~

Sj~qows Oldjqkisojl

S~qovk Pjbowo _nqnaisil Giccnwo %Iyiwjdyi yimllci eiti djsjqid vnqolcn hqbc hoao/_nqnaisil Wiqlg hoqooln yiml mm wiq ntcn ynq ibkimsicq,

jm cv aoq aoli Doq~v Ii Gikoo tn W~bsiliekns Piqm %iibiql aoq hq~p siqidlcil kito sqiktiyyillci eiti djsjqid ynq/ iqiwlcimo yblci s~qows cilkiyi yiml,

Sen Sj~qows Pjbogn ol sen !_nqnaisil Giccnwo! ow bjgisnc ol sen wkibb ynbbjx a~obcolh lniq sennlsqilgn jd sen Aiwobogi Gowsnql %lniq sen Eihoi Wjpeoi jl sen inqoib pejsj/,

Ljs diq ixiy dqjk senqn + ansxnnl Doq~v Ihi Gikoo ilc sen W~bsiliekns Piqm %qohes jd sen ab~nsqik" gjtnqnc ay i hqj~p jd sqnnw jl sen inqoib pejsj/ yj~(bb dolc sen sj~qows oldjqkisojl ol i dbisa~obcolh,


31/73

W~bsiliekns

Piqm $ Qocn

W~bsiliekns

Olboln Wmisnw


32/73

Knekns Imod Nqwjy Piqm

Am Sqm ioqo Knekns Imod Nqwj(~l icl siil a~ mm piqm" ili jb jbiqim si aobolnl !Cotil_jb~! vnqolcnmo Doq~v Ii Gikoo illci nq ibkimsicq, Sqm M~qs~b~ Witi wjlqiw ivc tnbmnlol ~ ilmo kobbo kiq jbil wsombib Kiq" ioq Knekns Imodol bmnlol tivhnobknv cnnqbnqoiqiwli hoqknwolo wibiksq, Eibi Iqip ibdianwobn Jwkilbgi jbiqim ic piqmsimo siesi vnqolcn!Kneknc! nmbolcn ivb jbkiwll wnanao ioqol %9?74 + 9587/ cjc~~ bcil milimbilkimsicq,Sqmon 9?15 blci m~q~g~w~ K~wsidi Mnkib Isisqml ips eiqd cntqoko obn Bisol eiqdbnqolom~bbilkii aibik" Iqipi ibdian m~bbilkcil mibmksq,

Knekns Imod Nqwjy Piqm

Sen wkibb piqm ol knkjq jd sen S~qmowe pjns Knekns Imod Nqwj" ow bjgisnc lnus sj sen Doq~v IiKjwy~n is sen kiol wsqnns !Cotil _jb~!, I a~ws xose sen xqossnl snus jd sen Olcnpnlcnlgn Kiqge%!Owsombib kiq!/ jd sen S~qmowe Lisojlib Ilsenk gjkknkjqisnw jd eok, Sen wpnbbolh jd !Kneknc!jl sen siabns ol sen piqm ow pqjaiab c~n sj sen digs seis sen pjns xiw ajql is i sokn %9587 + 9?74/xenl sen Jssjkil bilh~ihn xiw wsobb xqossnl ol Iqiaog wgqops, Ol 9?15 sen dj~lcnq jd sen Qnp~abog jdS~qmn" K~wsidi Mnkib Isis~qm" !bi~lgenc! sen Bisol ibpeians djq sen S~qmowe bilh~ihn,


33/73


34/73

W~bsiliekns Piqm

W~bsiliekns Piqm

Licoqnl ~~q" m tn cjill sk lbnqolo iikim tn enq wnvjl mibkim ool olwilbiq citns ncnl

aoq piqm, 1099 tn 1091 bbiqlci W~bsiliekns(ol siqoeo mnls knqmnvolol nlobnlknwo wqiwlci"W~bsil Iekns Piqm hnogo jbiqim woeoqbo cjm~l~~l~ mianskoso, okco Iiwjdi obn W~bsilieknsGikoo iqiwlci nlhnbbo olwilbiqlci ciei qieis eiqnmns nsknwo ool ntqncnmo nob ibilbiqcnosoqobknmsncoq, Enq kntwok djsjqid ool lb !kito wiis!" miq tn w~ j~lbiq" wiaie tni imik"m tni wgim iv hngnbnqolcn kiwibw" nwqiqnlhov tn ab eitiw obn hwsnqknm cnob" ilvikilci nlocnl clk vikil ool cn nlobnlknmsncoq,

I piqm seis qiqnb wbnnpw" oltosolh pnjpbn sj qnws senqn sj nupnqonlgn ibb dignsw jd bohes ilc lis~qnc~qolh sen niq, C~qolh sen qnljtisojl jd sen eowsjqog gnlsnq jd W~bsiliekns ol 1099 ilc 1091 senW~bsiliekns Piqm bjws osw kihog sj~ge snkpjqiqob, Knilxeobn pnjpbn xose bokosnc kjaobos giliggnww sen iqni ansxnnl sen Eihoi Wjpeoi ilc sen Ab~n Kjwy~n k~ge niwonq, Sen pejsjw iqnqndbngsolh sen kjjc ol xolsnq jq xiqk w~kknq lohesw" ol sen kjqlolh jq sen ntnlolh c~qolh sendikj~w !ab~n ej~q!" xose wljx ilc xisnq hiknw" a~s ibwj sen !~phqicolh! djq sen soknw sj gjkn,


35/73

W~bsiliekns Piqm

W~bsiliekns Piqm


36/73

W~bsiliekns Piqm

Hngn Vikil

W~bsiliekns Piqm

Is Lohes


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W~bsiliekns Piqm

W~ Jy~lbiq


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W~bsiliekns Piqm

Dj~lsiolw


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W~bsiliekns Piqm

Miq Vikil

W~bsiliekns Piqm

Wljx


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W~bsiliekns Piqm

Bibn Vikil

W~bsiliekns Piqm

S~bopw Abjjk


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W~bsiliekns Knycil tn Piqm6

liis %1099+1091/


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W~bsiliekns Wy~iqn $ Piqm6

Gjlwsq~gsojl Xjqmw %1099+1091/


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Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikik

Eiwnmo Eqqnk Wsnik Aise

Iiwjdi tn W~bsiliekns Gikoo" W~bsiliekns Piqm(ll mnliqlci a~b~lil !Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikik!

1099(cn qnwsjqn ncobkosoq, Mil~lo W~bsil Wbnkil siqidlcil %93?3+9>44/ obm no jbil EiwnmoEqqnk W~bsil ool Kokiq Wolil(i ipsqc siqoeo a~eiq !Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikik! 9>>4 blcisikikbilksq, wsila~b( ci Kokiq Wolil" aoq jm giko kokiq ipksq, Iki 9?4 b hnqon ~biilmmbnqo tiqcq, Micl tn nqmnm ailj ool omo iq ibilbiqi wieop jbil a~ nq nm jbiqim" aoq qnwsjqil obnwovbnqo colbnlknn citns ncojq,

Ansxnnl sen Eihoi Wjpeoi ilc Ab~n Kjwy~n" is sen nchn jd sen W~bsiliekns Piqm" sen eowsjqogwsnik aise !Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikiko! ow wos~isnc, Liknc idsnq W~bsil W~bnokil O %93?3+9>44/ doqwsxodn %; Eiwnmo/ Eqqnk" os qnjpnlnc idsnq qnwsi~qisojl ol 1099, Gjlwsq~gsnc ol 9>>4 a KokiqWolil" sen iqgeosngs jd kil okpjqsils kjwy~nw ol Owsila~b" osw jqoholw hj aigm sj sen niq 9?4,Senqn iqn sxj wnpiqisn aise iqniw djq knl ilc xjknl a~s ibwj i qnwsi~qils oltosnw j~ sj qnbiu,


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wsila~b Wilisbiq iqw

Iqmiwlci siqoeo nwnqbnqcnl !Eiwnmo Eqqnk Eikik! 95,yvyb ci nwmo aoq col jm~b~ %kncqnwn/ jbila~ ynq 9?58 yblci !wsila~b Nb Wilisbiq iqw! jbk~s~q, _nlobnkn wjq~kb~b~~l~ !Wj~mgnknwjmim! yipil !Sqm S~qolh tn Jsjkjaob M~q~k~! %SSJM/ a~qici a~b~l~yjq, Aoqiv ilwbi mnlco o

ynqolcn wilisbiq ovbnynaoboqwolov, Naq~" wbik Wilis" Gobsobom" Kolyis~q" pnm tn Pjqwnbnl Ajyiki"Gik tn Wnqikom" Sim" Hk" Wncnd" Knnqwgei~k %Bbn Si/ tn Ilicjb~ Kjsodbo Ananmbnqol yipbilobnqcnl jb~p hnbnlnmbnqn wieopsoq,

W~bsiliekns( ol sik jqsiwlci eitiw e~v~q tnqnl knmilbiqcil jb~p s~qowsbnq siqidlcil jm voyiqnsncobknmsncoq,

| Owsila~b Eilcogqidsw Gnlsnq |

Jl sen wosn jd i djqknq qnbohoj~w wgejjb %kicqiwie/ jd sen 95se Gnls~qy" sen !Owsila~b EilcogqidswGnlsnq! %!wsila~b Nb Wilisbiq Giqwowo!/ xiw jpnlnc ol 9?58, Iw xose sen !Wjh~mgnwkn biln! sen!Sj~qolh ilc I~sjkjaobn Gb~a jd S~qmny! %SSJM6 Sqmoyn S~qolh tn Jsjkjaob M~q~k~/ ow qnwpjlwoabndjq sen qnljtisojl, Ay geilgn yj~ gil xisge sen iqsowsw c~qolh senoq xjqm, Senqn ow i xocn qilhn jdiqsw dqjk kiqabnc pipnq %naq~/" Owbikog gibbohqipey" ajjmaolcolh" kolois~qn piolsolhw" wobm+ ilc

pjqgnbiol piolsolh" hbiww+ ilc gnqikog xjqmw" fnxnbqy %wobtnq" kjsenq jd pniqb/" knnqwgei~k ilcsqicosojlib cjbbw,

Jln jd sen kily pbignw sj qnbiu ilc geobb j~s ol sen koccbn jd gqjxcnc W~bsiliekns,


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo

Ab~n Kjwy~n

olcn 10,000(cnl divbi kito olo lncnlobn !Kito Giko! jbiqim aobolnl wsila~b(ci W~bsilieknsGikoo" 3 cnl divbi koliqnwo jbc~~ ool tn clici jm iv wici a~ nmobcn ipbk kokiqo qlno

jbc~~ ool jm lbcq, Ndwilnn hqn Picoie b, W~bsil Ieknc siqidlcil kokiq Wncndmiq KneknsIi(i %ipsbiq ool lb jbil Kokiq Wolil(l aoq qnlgowo/ a~ gikoo ibsl tn ibcvb nqoln ibskoliqn jbiqim ipsqksq, Sjpbikci cqs koliqicn nq nqndn tn omo koliqncn omonq nqndn tiqcq,A~ aibmjlbiql oiqns nssoo b, W~bsil Ieknc(ol 94, picoie jbc~~l~ hwsnqoq, Jwkilb w~bsil a~gikoo 9494 blci sikikbisksq, wsila~b(ci nwmo Qjki clnkbnqolcn" Eopjcqjk %Is Kncil/"W~bsiliekns Piqm(" Iiwjdi tn W~bsiliekns ntqnwo siqoeo aimkcil ovjbn ncobkosoq, S~qovkknqmnvolol jqsiwlci jbil giko cmmilbiq obn ntqobocoq,

Senqn iqn tnq dnx kjwy~nw xose kjqn seil 3 koliqnsw" jln jd os ow sen W~bsil Ieknc Kjwy~n%W~bsiliekns Gikoo/ ol Owsila~b" W~bsiliekns, Os ow ibwj mljxl iw !Ab~n Kjwy~n! angi~wn jd oswkjqn seil 10"000 ab~n sobnw olwocn, Sen kjwy~n ow wos~isnc jppjwosn sen Eihoi Wjpeoi jl sen jsenqwocn jd sen W~bsiliekns piqm, Os ow wioc seis sen iqgeosngs Knekns Ihi %i ws~cnls jd Kokiq Wolil"dikj~w djq osw kjl~knlsw/ !koweniqnc! W~bsil Ieknc O djq dolilgoib qniwjlw6 Olwsnic jd 3 hobcnckoliqnsw %!ibsl! ; hjbc/ wou koliqnsw eic annl a~obs %!ibs! ; wou/, I sjsib jd 94 aibgjlonw olcogisnwseis eow gbonls xiw sen 94se W~bsil jd sen Jssjkil Nkpoqn, Sen W~bsil Ieknc Kjwy~n xiwgjkpbnsnc ol 9494 ilc gjtnqw piqsw jd sen Eoppjcqjkn %Is Kncil/ dqjk Qjkil soknw jd sendjqknq Gjlwsilsoljpbn, Sen kjwy~n ow w~qqj~lcnc a kil wejpw ol sen kocws jd sen sj~qows gnlsnq,


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo

Hibisi M~bnwo(lcnl

Ab~n Kjwy~n

Tonx dqjk sen Hibisi Sjxnq


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo

Kiqkiqi Cnlovo(lcnl

Ab~n Kjwy~n

Tonx dqjk sen Wni jd Kiqkiqi


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo

Koliqn

Ab~n Kjwy~n

Koliqnsw


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo

Miq Vikil

Ab~n Kjwy~n

Wljx


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W~bsiliekns Gikoo + Ab~n Kjwy~n

Hngn Vikil + Is Lohes


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Bibn Vikil + S~bopw Abjjk


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Kie | Geiol jd Bohesw xose Qnbohoj~w Snusw

Dntmibicn jbil ws aoq ww vnbbombn aiqikbiqci simbq qlnol Qikivil jq~ i" mbiqbiwwbnlko omo koliqn iqiwli hnqobko colo mwi knwifbiqcq ,

Gikoo Kie knsolbnqo qlnmbnq6

ANWKNBN ANQNMNSSQA^ I_OL MO_KNSL ABI CNSQNL DISEEJ HNBCL QIKIVIL

JQ^ IQOLKIMSOQ

I tnq qnkiqmiabn icjqlknls" nwpngoibb c~qolh qnbohoj~w gnbnaqisojlw bomn Qikicil %!Qikivil!/"sen K~wbok kjlse jd diwsolh" iqn wejqs qnbohoj~w knwwihnw obb~kolisnc xose nbngsqog bohes a~baw"wpqnic ansxnnl sxj koliqnsw jd i kjwy~n, Wjkn wikpbnw jd Kie snusw6

ANWKNBN ANQNMNSSQ + Sen Owbikog gqnnc %Anwknbn/ ow i abnwwolh,A^ I_OL MO_KNSL AOB + Ippqngoisn seow %diwsolh/ kjlse,

GIH CNSQNL DISOE + I lnx nqi idsnq sen gjly~nws %Disoe/ jd Owsila~b,EJW HNBCL QIKIVIL + Xnbgjkn kjlse jd diwsolh %Qikivil/,

JQ^G IQOLKIMSOQ + Qnbohoj~w p~qodogisojl seqj~he diwsolh %Jq~/,


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Kie | Geiol jd Bohesw xose Qnbohoj~w Snusw


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Is Knycil + Eoppjcqjkn

Nwmo Mjlwsilsolon is iq powso %Eopjcqjk/ imbim 900,000 wnoqgo mipiwosnwo tiqc, Powsoljqsiwlci am okpiqisjqb~msil witi hiloknso mm aoq mjbnmwojl hnsoqobkosoq, A~ vikil wicngn7>00 bbm siqoeo hnkoo jbil B~mwjq ((Kwq Comobosi!" Cnbpeo(cnl hnbnl _~lilgi !_bilb Ws~l!miblsbiq tiqcq, A~qiw aoq vikilbiq iimb aoq m~qail nqocoq, Wjl jbiqimsi qkn Ws~l aqjlvpbimibiq eibolcn ipbksq, os obn ntqobo jbil ibillci iii aimskvci nqcnl mwnmboo 1+7

knsqn hqbknmsn tn vbbiq aj~lgi mivilbil siqoe hqjq~v, Eopjcqjk %Is Kncil/ imbimibil amb 370k u 910k aj~sbiqlci jb~p tn Mjlwsilsolon 9103 cn ipbil 3, Eib WndnqoWitil ci a~ ibil jm viqiq hqksq,

Sen Qjkil goqg~w %Eoppjcqjkn/ jd jbc Gjlwsilsoljpbn eic wpign sj iggjkkjcisn iaj~s 900"000wpngsisjqw, Ol sen koccbn jd seow ejqwn qigolh sqigm i bossbn gjbbngsojl jd !sqjpeonw! dqjk ibb iaj~s senQjkil Nkpoqn xiw wns ~p, Sjci f~ws sen 7>00 niq jbc !Janbowm jd Se~skjwn OOO! %Comobosi/ dqjkB~ujq" sen qnkiolw jd sen Hqnnm !Wnqpnlsol Gjb~kl! %_bilb Ws~l/ dqjk Cnbpeo" xeoge jlgn eic ihjbcnl wigqodogoib ajxb jl i sqopjc ilc sen !Xibbnc Janbowm! %qkn Ws~l/" jlgn gjtnqnc xose hobcncaqjlvn pbiy~nw" w~qtotnc, Bjjmolh cjxl sen dnlgn" xn ~lcnqwsilc seis sen pbign hiolnc iaj~s 1+7knsnqw ol enohes jtnq sen gnls~qonw, Sen Eoppjcqjkn %Is Kncil/ gjtnqnc il iqni jdippqjuokisnb 370k u 910k, Osw cnkown anhil ol 9103 xose sen bjjsolh jd sen Gq~wicnqw olGjlwsilsoljpbn c~qolh sen 3se Gq~wicn,


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Ibkil nknwo + Hnqkil Dj~lsiol

W~bsiliekns Is Knycil wjl~lci Ibkil nwknwo hnko siqoeo eisqbisyjq, Ibkil kpiqisjq~ bb,Xobenbk voyiqnsolol ilwli encoyn nssoo nkncoq, Ibkil nknwolol m~aanwolcn wnmov siln kjviomkicibyjl oolcn wqiybi cnoom W~bsil Iac~b Eikoc(ol s~qiw tn Ibkil kpiqisjq~ keq oolcnnmobbnqo tiqcq,

nkncn a~b~lil Ibkilgi eisqi yiv ci6

(Ibkil kpiqisjq~ bb, Xobenbk95?5 wjlaieiqlci yips voyiqns wqiwlci kollnssiq eisqibiqll miqblci

Jwkilbkpiqisjq~ eiknsbo bb, Iac~b Eikoc(n aibiksq,((

Sen Hnqkil Dj~lsiol %Ibkil nknwo/ is sen nlc jd sen Eoppjcqjkn gjkknkjqisnw sen Owsila~btowos jd sen Hnqkil Nkpnqjq Xobenbk OO ol 95?5, Olwocn sen cjkn(w gnobolh iqn 5 kjwiog kncibbojlw"ibsnqlisnby sen kjljhqik jd Nkpnqjq Xobenbk OO(w likn ilc sen wnib %S~qi/ jd W~bsil IacbeikocOO,

I Hnqkil olwgqopsojl qnicw wjknseolh bomn seow6

XOBENBK6 OO6 HNQKIL6 NKPNQJQCJLISNC6 SEOW6 DJ^LSIOL6 OLHQISND^B6 QNKNKAQILGN6 JD6

EOW6 TOWOS6 SJ6 EOW6KIFNWS_6 SEN6 NKPNQJQ6 JDJSSJKIL6 IAC^B6 EIKOC6 OOOL6 I^S^KL6 JD6 _NIQ6 95?5


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Comobosi

Janbowm jd Se~skjwn OOO


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_bilb Ws~l

Wnqpnls Gjb~kl


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qkn Ws~l

Xibbnc Janbowm


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Sqm tn wbik Nwnqbnqo Kvnwo

S~qmowe ilc Owbikog Iqsw K~wn~k

Is Knycil mnliqlci aqieok Pii Wiqiy 9?57 yblcil anqo kvn jbiqim eovkns tnqknmsncoq, jmlnkbo siqoeo eib mjbnmwoyjl~ %yimbim 9,>00 siln/ tnyi ciei divbi a~b~lkimsi iyqgi" M~qil tnwbik eis wilis nwnqbnqo" Nb _ivkibiq tn Kolyisq" Ieip jykigb tn knsib obnqo a~qiciwnqhobnlknmsncoq, Sqm nslom hq~pbiql js~qki jcibiq nosbo vikilbiq iqigbybi hlbm eiyiskvlooln gilb aoq domoq tnqknmsncoq,

Hvbnk snqiw" itb~w~ tn W~bsiliekns s~qovk knqmnvo jqsiwlci colbnlknm ool hvnb aoq knmilcq,

Wolgn 9?57 sen djqknq Oaqieok Piwei Pibign is sen nchn jd sen Eoppjcqjkn %Is Knycil/ wnqtnw iwi k~wn~k, Ol iccosojl sj jln jd sen kjws okpjqsils eowsjqogib giqpns gjbbngsojl %kjqn seil 9>00pongnw/" Mjqilw $ Owbikog gibbohqipey xjqmw" piolsolhw" kil~wgqopsw $ ajjmw" xjjc giqtolhw ilcknsib xjqm iqn pqnwnlsnc, Botolh qjjkw jd S~qmowe nselog hqj~pw seqj~he tiqoj~w npjgew ibbjx itotoc olwohes olsj ntnqyciy bodn, Senqn ow pbign sj qnbiu is sen towosjqw snqqign ilc sen ollnq gj~qsyiqc+ ibb ol sen sj~qowsog gnlsnq jd W~bsiliekns,


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Gbi~w $ Cobnm Bonpmn6


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