NETWORK

BY: Khalid Abu Jamhoor

Standalone

• It is a device that is able to work on its own without the help of another device or the help of the internet.

• An example of a standalone device would be a fax as it does not require a function to operate

LAN

• LAN (Local area network0 is a network that surrounds a relatively small area such as private homes or buildings

• LAN can transfers data extremely fast faster than telephone lines however they can only transfer data over a small area

WAN

• Unlike LAN(local area network) a WAN(wide area network) is able o send/transfer data over a wide area.

• Computer that use WAN are connected usually over a telephone line or a public network or even through satellites.

• The largest WAN today is what we call the internet

CLIENTS

• A client is an application that runs on a computer but requires a server that is connected to the internet for it to work for it to work and perform it operation

• An example of a client is steam client it’s a client that allows you to download and play games

SERVER

• A server is a device that controls network operations and functions. Most servers are dedicated servers that only perform there server duties and tasks and do not do anything else as hosting a server takes up a lot of memory and uses up internet therefore many mainframe computers (and other computers that have high performance)are able to run 24/7 are used to host a server.

• There are three types of servers:• File server: used for storing files• Printer server: used to manage and control

more than one printer• Database server: used to process database

queries

PEER TO PEER

• Peer to Peer network or P2P network is when two computer in the network are doing the same function as the other

LAN

• Advantage: Easy to share devices and transfer info. Sharing and transferring files is very fast Cheap to setup LAN User can save work on network file server

therefore they can access that same info from any other computer in network

• Disadvantage: Only covers a small area If many computers are logged into network

internet speed is slow Virus can spread easily from one computer

to another in a network If there is a fault in network all users affected

LAN

• A router would be needed to connect to a LAN

• LAN topologies are how the devices are arranged in a LAN eg the devices could be arranged in a straight line or in a circle shape

• There are three types of LAN topologies Bus(line topology), star topology and ring topology

BUS TOPOLOGY

• Advantage:It is cheap to install and

expand network If one of the nod fails it does

not affect the rest of the nods thus meaning this LAN (local area network) setup is very efficient

STAR TOPOLOGY

• Advantage: Failure of a nod does not affect other nods

therefore making this LAN network very efficient.

Adding nods could never be simpler as adding new nods does not affect the performance because info does not pass through nods that are not necessary

Simple installation and easy to expand when adding new nods

• Disadvantage: Expensive to buy new hardware such as hubs

or switches Uses a lot of cables which makes it expensive

to install The network fails if the switch the link or server

breakdown

WIRELESS LAN

• Instead of using wires a WLAN (wireless local area network) uses high frequency radio waves for nods to communicate

• WLAN is more convenient as you may lose or misplace wires also wires make the place look messy however using a WLAN you will never need to worry about misplacing a wire or tripping over a cable

WAN

• An example of WAN (Wide area network) is the internet a WAN is a an area network that reaches a large geographical area

DATA TRANSMISSION

• Data transmission basically means the transferring or sending of data from one point to another point communication channel as an electromagnetic signal.

• Example of a channels are optical fibers, copper wire and wireless

EXPLAIN

• Bandwidth is the measure of the amount of data transferred in a given or certain amount of time it is basically described as the data transfer rate and it is measured in bps (bits per second).

• Broadband means able to carry many frequencies channels

• Narrow Band means its is not able to carry a lot of frequency

• Baud similar to bandwidth it is used to measure how much bps are transferred

EXPLAIN

• Simplex line is one way communication example radio or television you can receive the information being transmitted however you cannot respond or replay back to it

• Half duplex is two way communication however only one person can transmit

• Full duplex is also two way communication however it allows both user to talk at the same time an example of this would be talking on a mobile phone