italian defence general staff 2017-12-14 · continuity with csk • continuous availability of data...

ITALIAN DEFENCE GENERAL STAFFII Department - Intelligence and Security

Joint Centre for Satellite Remote Sensing

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The COSMO-SkyMed missionfrom the Italian Defence

User Ground Segment perspectiveNovember 13th, 2017 – Col. Attilio VAGLIANI, Director

CENTRO INTERFORZE

TELERILEVAMENTO SATELLITARE (CITS)

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Joint Centre for Satellite Remote Sensing

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COSMO-SkyMed Defence Mobile

Acquisition and Processing Station (D-MAPS)

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• 12th January 1994 – “CITS Hélios”

established as an Italian national asset of

the Air Force within the Hélios Program

• 8th March 2006 – CITS passed from the

Air Force to the Joint Staff

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Context and needs

From a military standpoint:

• the international context moves fast and

changes rapidly

• information must be precise and timely

• multiple sensors are welcome, to ensure

redundancy, cross-correlation and cross-

validation (Sensor Fusion)

Space is a strategic asset

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COMMAND & CONTROL

POSITIONING, NAVIGATION & TIMING

EARTH OBSERVATION

Meteorology

Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance (ISR)

SIGNAL INTELLIGENCE

SPACE SUPPORT ACTIVITIES

Human flight in Space

Hypersonic sub-orbital flight

Vectors

Space Situational Awareness

COSMO-SkyMed

Space as a strategic asset

Defence Spatial Plan 2009-2020Areas of interest

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Military Remote Sensing

Remote sensing systems are part of the Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) domain, with the aim to:

• monitor potential areas of crisis

• perform strategic monitoring

• contribute to advanced strategic planning

• support the planning and conduction of military operations

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SERVICEREQUEST

RANKING

SATELLITE MISSION

PROCESSING

DISSEMINATION

Operational concept – Intelligence cycle

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CITS Institutional Duties – at present

• management of the Italian part of the

Hélios military system (optical)

• management of the military part of

COSMO-SkyMed dual (civilian-military)

system (SAR)

• application development for optical and

SAR data

• training activities

• imagery exploitation

• technical advice for satellite remote

sensing UNCLASSIFIED 9

CITS Institutional Duties – in the future

• OPTSAT-3000 payload management

(optical military national system),

launched August 1st 2017, FOC 2018

• management of the military part of the

dual System COSMO-SkyMed Seconda

Generazione (SAR – Synthetic Aperture

Radar), due for launch 2018 and 2019

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Current situation in Space

COSMO-SkyMedand

OPTSAT-3000

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Future Italian MilitaryUser Ground Segment Architecture

COSMO-SkyMed 2 Gen

COSMO-SkyMedCSO OPTSAT-3000

SFM – SINAPSI

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Sensor Fusion

SAR

ELECTRO-OPTIC

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Optical vs. SAR: differences and benefits

CSK has excellent Attitude Stabilization, offering better Geolocation performance

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COSMO-SkyMed

owned by ASI and IT MoD

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COSMO-SkyMed constellation

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CSK temporal performance

Data Take Opportunities – DTOsmeans

Revisit Time

Mean Data Take Opportunities (DTO) per day (constellation)

12 6 4

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COSMO-SkyMed operational modes

Routine

Crisis

Very

Urgent

Planning

1/day

Planning

2/day

Planning

Asynch 18 h

36 h

72 h

Response Time:

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The COSMO-SkyMed mission for the IT MoD

• active sensor:

all weather, day and night

• constellation:

high revisit, low information age

• constellation:

change detection, activity monitoring

• constellation and sensor stability:

interferometry

• unique world-class asset:

high value in cooperationsUNCLASSIFIED 19

CSK applications in different scenarios: landhttp://www.e-geos.it/news/11-03-18-fukushima-csk/index.html

damage assessment

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CSK applications in different scenarios: land

activity monitoringdesert tracks

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CSK applications in different scenarios: land

activity monitoringdesert tracks

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CCD – Coherent Change Detection

Examples of changes

probably related to human

activities

Gas extraction facility

Sahara desert

CSK acquistions:

23 & 30/12/2009

Coherent Change Detection

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CSK applications in different scenarios: sea

oil spill

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activity monitoring – ship detection

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6

Additive primary colors

13 NOV.12

ALL12 &

13 NOV

12 &

16 NOV

harbour monitoring

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08/08/2007 10/05/2008

25/08/2009

03/04/2011

Exploitation of optical open source + CSK

Power PlantConstruction

activitiesunder

development

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PS – Permanent Scatterers

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PS – Permanent Scatterers

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Radargrammetry

3D features extraction withCOSMO-SkyMed

h=275 m

h=275 m h=286 m

h=275 m

h=280 m

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Radargrammetric DEM

COSMO-SkyMed DEM

SRTM DEM

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Interferometric DEM

DTED2 SRTM

Posting: 30m

Abs. Vert. Acc.<18m

COSMO-SkyMed

Posting: 10m

Abs. Vert. Acc.: <10m

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IT MoD operational cooperation with ASI

L’Aquila earthquake – April 06th, 2009

Each fringe represents a grounddisplacement of 1.5 cm in look direction

Ground displacement in the redzone of about 20 cm

Geometry of the fault alongwhich the Earth crust split

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IT MoD operational cooperation with ASI

Amatrice earthquake – August 24th, 2016

Same principle of the MapItaly cooperation: continuous acquisitions

CSK acquisitionsgranted through

the militaryprogramming

chainUNCLASSIFIED 34

• SAR sensors are richer than optical ones:

need for specific training

• use of SAR is target-related, i.e. angles & polarization = f(target) :

mission planning and data exploitation

need to be integrated

• use of SAR benefits from experience:

On-the-Job Training (OJT) has proved to be a beneficial complement to theory classes

Current and future challenges

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Continuity with CSK• Continuous availability of data

• Same operational concept• Same mission design• One constellation CSK & CSG

• One Ground Segment CSK & CSG

• Duality & confidentiality

Future developments: CSG

Improvements wrt CSK• Enhanced geometric resolution

• Enhanced geolocation accuracy

• 7-year lifetime • Higher agility of the platform• Lessons Learned from CSK• Easier interoperability with other systems

• Human Machine Interface redesigned with users

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Future developments: CSGhttps://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/c-missions/cosmo-skymed-second-generation

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Future challenge: SAR polarimetry

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SAR polarimetry

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HH

VV

HV

VV

HH

HV

Future challenge: SAR polarimetry

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• COSMO-SkyMed is a world-class System:

excellent asset for cooperationsand business opportunities

• new developments are possible with CSG, e.g. polarimetry:

opportunity for investment to increase technical and operational value,

especially in view of future integration with optical multispectral systems


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• use of SAR is time-consuming and needsspecific competence:

need to automate time-consuming task and functions and perform training,

both theoretical and On-the-Job

• data processing techniques are similar in the military and civilian domains:

opportunity for «dual use» developmentsin SAR data processing


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Future cooperations – operational

• Stato Maggiore Difesa

II Reparto Informazioni e Sicurezza

Via Lepanto, 5

00192 Roma

• Stato Maggiore Difesa

IV Reparto

Via XX Settembre, 123/A

00187 Roma

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Future cooperations – R&D

• Segretariato Generale della Difesa e

Direzione Nazionale degli Armamenti

4°Reparto

Via di Centocelle, 301

00175 Roma

• Segretariato Generale della Difesa e

Direzione Nazionale degli Armamenti

5°Reparto

Via di Centocelle, 301

00175 Roma UNCLASSIFIED 44

a new dawn, every day

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italian defence general staff 2017-12-14 · continuity with csk • continuous availability of data...

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