italian renaissance

Upload: mehtabhumikaa

Post on 07-Jan-2016

239 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

The Italian Renaissance began the opening phase of the Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement in Europe that spanned the period from the end of the 13th century to about 1600, marking the transition between Medieval and Early Modern Europe. The new Palaeologan empire barely survived for a short period, and the emergent Ottoman Turks conquered remnants of Byzantine Asia Minor, overran the Balkans, and eventually took Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire, in 1453, was brought to an end.

TRANSCRIPT

  • Birth of Renaissance in ITALYIn essence the Renaissance was simply the green end of one of civilization's hardest winters. John Fowles

  • The Italian Renaissance began the opening phase of the Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement in Europe that spanned the period from the end of the 13th century to about 1600, marking the transition between Medieval and Early Modern Europe.

  • The word renaissance (Rinascimento in Italian) means rebirth, and the era is best known for the renewed interest in the culture of classical antiquity after the period that Renaissance humanists labelled the Dark Ages. These changes, while significant, were concentrated in the elite, and for the vast majority of the population life was little changed from the Middle Ages.

  • Renaissance ideals first spread from Florence to the neighbouring states of Tuscany such as Siena and Lucca. The Tuscan culture soon became the model for all the states of Northern Italy

  • TuscanyFlorence

  • Sienna

  • Lucca

  • Venice, one of the wealthiest cities due to its control of the Adriatic Sea, also became a centre for Renaissance culture, especially architecture.

  • In 1417 the Papacy returned to Rome, but that once imperial city remained poor and largely in ruins through the first years of the Renaissance. The great transformation began under Pope Nicholas V, who became pontiff in 1447. He launched a dramatic rebuilding effort that would eventually see much of the city renewed

  • Rome

  • Trade grew between cities/states and other countries. As trade in goods increased, trade in ideas grew also. The contact between cultures was in some part due to the Crusades during the 11th century. Commerce and trade soon moved inland along the major routes of trade.The Renaissance is generally accepted to have started in Italy. Many believe that this was due to its almost perfect location between Western Europe and the Eastern shore of the Mediterranean. Italian cities became important as trade centers and as commercial centers. This wealth helped sustain the political and social changes that were occurring at the time.

  • Italys economic power was challenged during the late 14th century as other country rulers began consolidating their power. The rulers of England, France and Spain put policies in place that were favorable to their own middle class tradesman and weakened the influence of the Italian middlemen in trade.

    Italys importance continued to diminish as the worlds trade routes shifted from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic oceans.

  • Political developments and overseas exploration had a profound effect on European trade. At the beginning of the Renaissance, the Mediterranean Sea was the main arena of international trade. Venice dominated commerce in the region because of its powerful merchant fleet and strategic location. The Venetians controlled the flow of luxury goods and spices between Asia and Europe.

  • In the early 1400s the OTTOMAN EMPIRE expanded westward, and Venice lost vital bases in the eastern Mediterranean. Then in the late 1400s the Portuguese discovered a sea route to Asia by sailing around Africa. This broke the Italians' monopoly over the profitable spice trade. Spain, France, England, and the Netherlands soon followed Portugal in opening up overseas markets in Asia. In the 1500s, merchants began to develop trade routes across the Atlantic Ocean to supply colonies being settled in the Americas. This contributed to the decline of Venice, Genoa, and other Mediterranean ports.

  • The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern part of the Roman empire, a remnant of the breakup of the Western Empire in the 5th Century A.D. The Capital of the Byzantine Empire was Constantinople, now known as Istanbul, Turkey.

    Greek was the predominant Language spoken there, even a selection of its populations spoke Latin, Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, and other languages.

  • . Constantinople itself weathered major Arab sieges in the 620's. The Arab invasions occurring in the 6th and 7th centuries declined city life and commerce in most of the empire except Thessalonika and Constantinople. Warfare inhibited agriculture and education, and the empire could no longer maintain the complexity of the late Roman empire

  • During the 9th and 10th centuries, renconquest and recovery took place in the Byzantine Empire,

    The many sciences were also revived among the interests of the people, with learning returning to Classical models in art and literature.

    Eventually, the Byzantines lost their last foothold in Italy

  • The Decline of the Byzantine Empire was said to have been hastened by the Crusades

  • During the 12th Century, the political and military power declined steadily, and the Crusaders allied with Venice seized and plundered Constantinople in 1204, establishing their own empire of Constantinople. Emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus recaptured Constantinople from the Latins in 1261, and ruled there until 1453

  • The new Palaeologan empire barely survived for a short period, and the emergent Ottoman Turks conquered remnants of Byzantine Asia Minor, overran the Balkans, and eventually took Constantinople. The Byzantine Empire, in 1453, was brought to an end.

  • Presentation by..MALLIKAPRACHIHUMANEHASALONIMUKESH