itec winter 20101 an intro to programming concepts with scratch quick intro for college citizens....
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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![Page 1: ITEC Winter 20101 An intro to programming concepts with Scratch Quick intro for college citizens. George Stockman MSU CSE](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062516/56649d6c5503460f94a4b84a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ITEC Winter 2010 1
An intro to programming concepts with Scratch
Quick intro for college citizens.George Stockman
MSU CSE
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ITEC Winter 2010 2
A 10-minute PR clip
sallyAndHorse.sb
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ITEC Winter 2010 3
What can we do with Scratch?
Learn some computing concepts. Learn some practical algorithms. Have fun with Scratch creating
stories, games, art. We are teaching Scratch after
school to middle school kids with the goal of increasing interest in STEM.
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ITEC Winter 2010 4
Start scratch and let’s go!
Click on the cat icon If not on desktop, download
from www.scratch.mit.edu Scratch programming
environment comes up quickly
We will first do simple ops
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ITEC Winter 2010 5
Scratch environment Stage is at upper right (where actors act
and information is displayed) Sprite is another name for actor (object). Instruction menus/panel at left
(instructions for the actors) A script is another name for program or
method; a script tells the actor what to do.
Programming panel in center; here is where we construct scripts for the sprites
(Sprites are objects; their scripts are methods or behaviors.)
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ITEC Winter 2010 6
We start with the cat sprite
We will learn to use other sprites and many sprites
LATER. Now we use the cat as our only actor.
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ITEC Winter 2010 7
The LOOKS menu
Has operations for setting the color, size, and visibility of a
sprite. Constumes will be used LATER
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ITEC Winter 2010 8
The “hello” script (program)
Double click on the “say hello” lego block Check your sprite behavior at the right Then double click “say hello for 2 secs”
Your very first Scratch program!
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ITEC Winter 2010 9
Try some other looks operations (double click items)
Change color effect by 25 Change color effect by 25 again Hide Show Change size by 10 Change size by 10 again Set size to 100%
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ITEC Winter 2010 10
Let’s write a script to Say “hello” for 2 seconds Then change color by 25 Then think “Hmm..” for 4 seconds Then change color by 75 Then change size by 200
Drag the instructions from the menu to the center panel. Connect them into a single block. Edit the parameters to get the numbers we want.
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ITEC Winter 2010 11
Our script (program)
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ITEC Winter 2010 12
The WAIT instruction
is needed to slow down the acting so we can see or hear it properly (computers are too fast sometimes)
Get the wait instruction from the CONTROL menu. Please ignore the other menu options at this time.
Insert a wait in our looks script
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ITEC Winter 2010 13
3 second pause between changing color and size
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ITEC Winter 2010 14
The MOTION menu
How to locate and orient a sprite; position and angle;
moving a sprite
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ITEC Winter 2010 15
Position on the stage
Using the Looks menu, shrink our cat to 25%.
Click on the Motion menu.
Click to check the box for x-position and y-position
Drag your cat around and note its x-y position.
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ITEC Winter 2010 16
Other instructions
goto x,y glide to x,y Move N steps Set direction
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ITEC Winter 2010 17
The “glide-to” instruction
Drag the “glide-to” instruction into your script panel.
Edit in some coordinate values and double click to see where your sprites goes.
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ITEC Winter 2010 18
The SENSING menu
Getting information from the user
or some other machine
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ITEC Winter 2010 19
Use the SENSING menu1)Ask the user for age; 2) user types in
age;
3) result stored in “answer”
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ITEC Winter 2010 20
User types “13” and the script stores the answer
“answer” is a Special Scratch variable
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ITEC Winter 2010 21
OUTPUT: Giving the user information with say answer
Say is in Looks menu; drag “answer” from Sensing menu; click
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ITEC Winter 2010 22
Making an “age variable”1) Click Variables menu; 2) click “Make a variable”
3) Type in “age” and click OK
Do you want to display for all sprites or just one?
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ITEC Winter 2010 23
We have an “age variable”Displaying variable “age”Operations for “age”
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ITEC Winter 2010 24
We can join text and a number to say things
Build this instruction from the parts above it.
From Looks
From OperatorsFrom Sensing
Make the join
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ITEC Winter 2010 25
Storing a value in a variable; then saying it to the user
1) Set from Variables menu; 2) Say from Looks menu; 3) Join from the Operators menu joins your text with the “answer”
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ITEC Winter 2010 26
A first “program” for 6th grade
The variable V now stores the computed average of A and B
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ITEC Winter 2010 27
Changing costumes
Another way to change the appearance of a sprite.
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ITEC Winter 2010 28
Making a new costume
1) Get bat2-a sprite from the “sprite box”.
2) Click on sprite
3) Click on “Costumes”
4) Click on “Import”
5) Now get bat-2b sprite from the sprite box
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ITEC Winter 2010 29
Use a loop to make the bat fly!
1) When and repeat from Control menu and 2) next costume from Looks menu.
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ITEC Winter 2010 30
Changing coordinates
We can randomly set the location of the bat so it will “flutter”.
Set X to a random number Set Y to a random number Move the bat to location (X,Y) Of course, the bat should remain
on stage!
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ITEC Winter 2010 31
Using pick random
Click the stop sign at the stage upper right to stop the forever loop.
Do we need a wait in the loop? Try it to see the change in flying.
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ITEC Winter 2010 32
Multiple interactive bat flight
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ITEC Winter 2010 33
Adding a background
Click on the Stage icon at lower right
Click on Backgrounds
Click on bat icon (Sprite1)
Click on Scripts
FLY AGAIN!
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ITEC Winter 2010 34
Controlling the bat’s direction Let’s create multiple scripts. Click space bar for random moves Click right arrow to move right Click left arrow to move left The bat will behave differently
depending upon which key is typed! (So, could a gamer catch the bat?)
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ITEC Winter 2010 35
On to multimedia, games, stories
Detecting events; sending messages;
using music and audio;
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ITEC Winter 2010 36
See stock example: Mad Lib
Explore the available examples; Mad Lib under
stories;Study message sending;
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ITEC Winter 2010 37
Study Break Dance
Music and dance example;Messaging;
Use of stock music and costumes
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ITEC Winter 2010 38
Digitizing your own audio
Use din example
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ITEC Winter 2010 39
Composing with drum beats
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ITEC Winter 2010 40
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ITEC Winter 2010 41
Jodi jumps on the drum
Story teller script
Jodi’s script
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ITEC Winter 2010 42
Recording from a mike (or an iPod or other music player)
1. Plug in microphone
2. Pick the speaker sprite
3. Click “Sounds”
4. Click “Record”
5. Click red button and speak
6. Click square button to stop
7. Click triangle to hear it
8. Click “OK” if it’s OK
9. Use name of sound in a play-sound instruction
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ITEC Winter 2010 43
Where does all this lead?
Definitely engaging for grades 6,7,8.Does it increase STEM interest of our
kids?Does it motivate college computing
classes?Does Scratch make a smarter Lego
bot?