Its Your Diet

Its Your Healthy Lifestyle

Prevent Not Treat Should Be Your Goal

Dr Scott V Harding School of Medicine

Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division Twitter: @scottvharding

Why worry about preventing diseases you might never get?

If you decide to aim for prevention what should you focus on?

Why dont all recommendations for healthy eating and lifestyle work the same for everyone?

Lifestyle Related Diseases: Type 2 diabetes Cardiovascular diseases

Heart attack Stroke Circulation

Cancers Colon Stomach Mouth Lung Kidney Liver

What are the indicators of unhealthy lifestyle?

Are you overweight? How overweight are you?

Do you smoke? Do you drink alcohol regularly?

How much alcohol do you drink?

Is your diet high quality and varied?

Do you exercise regularly?

Comparing body weights in a population

Body Mass Index: Your body weight in kilograms Your height in metres

BMI = Weight (kg)

(Height (m))2

Calculation:

BMI and Risk of Death

Survival of the fattest: Why we're wrong about obesity by Samantha Murphy. New Scientist, 2014, Issue 2967, pp44-47

Li et al. Lifestyle risk factors and residual life expectancy at age 40. BMC Medicine 2014, 12:59

Does lifestyle affect how long we live?

Smoking, BMI, alcohol, PA, red meat, cereals, fruit/veg, fish and dairy

Reducing your risk of developing type 2 diabetes with lifestyle change

Improving the quality of your diet = 15%

Quitting smoking = 25%

Reducing your alcohol consumption to less than 1 drink per day = 19%

Keeping your BMI less than 25 = 70%

Regular physical activity = 25%

Reis et al. Lifestyle Factors & Risk for New-Onset Diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:292.

Hotamisligil. Inflammation and metabolic disorders. Nature 2006, 444, 860-867

Does obesity affect how long we live?

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Primary or secondary diagnosis of obesity 1.5% are 16 years & under!

Proportions roughly equal between 25-75+ years

Approx. 1/3 Male versus 2/3 female

Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet: England 2014 Health and Social Care Information Centre

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Food Statistics Branch. Adjusted National Food Survey data 1974 to 2000, Expenditure and Food Survey 2001-02 to 2007 and Living Costs and Food Survey 2008 onwards (12/12/2013)

Why are more people becoming obese?

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Food Statistics Branch. Adjusted National Food Survey data 1974 to 2000, Expenditure and Food Survey 2001-02 to 2007 and Living Costs and Food Survey 2008 onwards (12/12/2013)

Eating less, but spending more? Can this be right?

Physical Activity Recommendations for UK

Physical activity guidelines for adults (19-64): Factsheet 4. Department of Health, 2011.

Quiz Q. What is the recommended minimum for adults?

A. 150 mins/week @ moderate or 75 mins @ intense

Q. How many people surveyed thought they knew the minimum for adults?

A. About of men and women thought they knew the recommendation.

But fewer than 1 in 10 actually did!

The Health Survey for England 2012. The Health and Social Care Information Centre, Dec 2013.

Physical Activity Recommendations for UK

Are we meeting the minimum PA levels?

But we are doing some PA, right?

Physical Activity World View

Inactivity is 4th leading risk factor for death worldwide WHO Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010

Activity Inactivity

Premature death Chronic illness

Loss of work Public health spending ()

Diet

What are the culprits

contributing to unhealthy diets?

So what should our diets look like?

Ask yourself honestly! Is my diet balanced? Does my diet have variety?

What do I need to change?

Increasing or supplementing with the healthiest foods and ingredients

Unfortunately there is no easy answer!

Do you need to supplement your diet? Does supplementing with extra foods or

nutraceuticals add any benefit for the average person? What supplements work and

what ones dont? Can taking supplements be harmful

to you or increase your risks?

Rideout et al. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 90: 16 (2012)

Non-responders Plant Sterol Supplementation

Diet choices

Body Mass Index

Weight (kg) Height2 (m2)

Not getting enough physical activity and

too much inactivity are a deadly combo!

Questions?

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