ivrcl report atishay tyagi (upes)

Construction of sewer lines Bhubaneswar 2015

A REPORTon

“ Construction of Sewerage Project for Bhubaneswar, Odisha”. District-VI

at

IVRCL ( Iragavarapu Venkata Reddy Construction Limited ) Bhubaneswar , Orissa

Submitted at

University of Petroleum & Energy Studies

Submitted To Submitted By

Mr. Mopidevi Vijai Kishore Atishay Tyagi(500022618)

Department of Civil Engineering B-tech Civil (IV year)

UPES UPES

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To begin with, I would like to thank Dr. K. Pandu Ranga Rao , Group Head - HR & Admin (IVRCL) , who was kind enough to show his confidence in me by giving this exciting project.

I am highly obliged to IVRCL (Iragavarapu Venkata

Reddy Construction Limited),their staff and Lochan Sahu Sir

(Senior Project Manager) who guided me and helped

through this project in the best possible ways.

Finally, I would like to appreciate the noble efforts made by IVRCL in celebrating the talent of budding engineers of this country by providing them with such a wonderful professional experience that ends up in enhancing their skills and knowledge which eventually, contribute towards making the future of our country bright.

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Table of Contents

S.No TOPIC PAGE NO.1

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3

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ABSTRACT

ABOUT IVRCL

ABOUT PROJECT

3.1 Prologue of Project3.2 Necessity of Project3.3 Construction Details of Project3.4 Various terms used3.5 List of Machines involved3.6 Methodology3.6.1 Surveying3.6.2 Excavation3.6.3 Dewatering3.6.4 Bedding3.6.5 Pipe Laying3.6.6 Cuddling3.6.7 Construction of Manhole3.6.8 Tests for Leakage3.6.9 Back-filling3.6.10 Problems involved

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

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1. ABSTRACT

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A sanitary sewer (also called a foul sewer and a covered sewer) is an underground carriage system specifically for transporting sewage from houses and commercial buildings through pipes to S.T.P. (Sewage Treatment Plant). Sanitary sewers serving industrial areas also carry industrial waste water. The system of sewers is called sewerage. In the developed world, sewers are usually pipelines that begin with connecting pipes from buildings to one or more levels of larger underground trunk mains, which transport the sewage to sewage treatment facilities Vertical pipes, usually made of precast concrete pipe, called manholes, connect the mains to the surface Depending upon site application and use, these vertical pipes can be cylindrical, eccentric or concentric. The manholes are used for access to the sewer pipes for inspection and maintenance, and as a means to vent sewer gases.

2. About IVRCL4


IVRCL Limited founded over 25 years ago in India, is a leading EPC and infrastructure public limited company listed on the Bombay and National Stock exchange of India . IVRCL core strength lies in human resources and they have more than 3000 qualified engineers, managers and professional technocrats across India.

IVRCL is the largest water company in India headquartered at Hyderabad. IVRCL is a diversified group and their core areas of work include value chain across sectors such as:

Water & Environment Irrigation Transportation Power Distribution & Transmission

IVRCL take pride in building & owning India's first and largest desalination plant at Minjur (near Chennai) with capacity of 100 MLD

3. ABOUT PROJECT:

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“ Construction of Sewerage Project for Bhubaneswar, Odisha”. District-VI

Conventional gravity sewers are large networks of underground pipes that convey blackwater, greywater and in many cases, stormwater from individual households to a semi-centralized treatment facilty using gravity(and pumps when necessary).As pumps may be necessary if the landscape is very flat, or in hilly regions, they are mostly found in urban areas.

The conventional gravity sewer is designed with many branches. Typically, the network is subdivided into primary (main sewer lines along main roads), secondary and tertiary networks (networks at the neighbourhood and household level). This system is mostly found in urban areas.

[cross-section of a conventional sewer in a common urban set up] Source: EAWAG/SANDEC (2008)

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3.1 PROLOGUE OF THE PROJECT

The Project involves Construction of Sewer for Bhubaneswar Sewerage District-VI

This Project is undertaken by IVRCL This Project consists of Construction of Manhole, Sewer

Chamber and Laying of pipes

3.2 NECESSITY OF THE PROJECT

Sewage Infrastructure that is well planned and operated supports urban sanitation & related activities

Sewage treatment helps in improving the environment through proper drainage & disposal of waste water

Sewage treatment process facilitates the achievement of water quality objectives

Sewer lines helps in preventing Floods through removal of rain water

Effective sewage Management is essential for nutrients recycling and for maintaining ecosystem integrity

3.3 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS OF PROJECT7


Name of Project: Construction of sewers for Bhubaneswar Sewerage District-VI [JICA/OWSSB/OSIP/01] under JICA Assisted Orissa Integrated Sanitation Improvement Project (ID-P187).

CLIENT: Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Bhubaneswar

CONTRACTOR: M/S IVRCL Limited, Hyderabad

DESIGN CONSULTANT: M/S RL Geosewa PVT LTD, Hyderabad

COST OF PROJECT: 600 Crores [First phase: 305 crores] [Second phase: 295 crores]

Construction of Sewer at V.S.S Nagar comprises of:Total Length : 1090.961 m [ND 992 to ND 1010]Total Manhole : 38

MATERIALS USED:

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1. TYPE OF CEMENT: Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement

2. TYPE OF GRADE: M253. TYPE OF SAND: Zone II4. TYPE OF AGGREGATE: 20mm & 10mm5. TYPE OF PIPE: RCC Non Pressure pipe6. TYPE OF ADMIXTURE: No admixture is used

[Materials used in Construction] M25 Source: VSS Nagar site

[RCC Non pressure pipe]Source: VSS Nagar site

3.4 VARIOUS TERMS USED:9


1. TRENCH: The earthen drain which is dug for putting pipe is called trench. This should be much more than the thickness of the pipe so that work can be done easily.

2. MANHOLES: A manhole is constructed at the point where the grade, direction or size of the pipe changes. Manholes are used for cleaning the sewers and connecting small sewer/house sewers to the bigger sewers.

3. VENT SHAFT: The point where the sewer line starts, a chamber is constructed and a pipe is erected there. Similarly at those points from where there is a slope or height starts in the sewer line, a pipe is erected. Its major advantage is that sewer gases are released through this.

4. INVERT LEVEL: Invert level is the base interior level of a pipe, trench or tunnel. It can be considered the floor level.

5. CROWN LEVEL: It is the highest interior level and can be considered the ceiling level

6. BENCHING: A surface at the base of an inspection chamber or manhole to confine the flow of sewage to avoid the accumulation of deposits.

7. DROP PIPE CONNECTION: A vertical connection to or near to the invert level of a manhole from a sewer or drain at higher level.

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8. JUTE GASKET: It is the material used to seal the joint between two pipes.

9. CHAIN BLOCK: A tackle employing an endless chain instead of a rope and operated especially in workshops from an overhead track for hoisting heavy weights

10. INSPECTION CHAMBER: A covered chamber constructed on a drain or sewer to provide excess from the ground surface for inspecting, testing and removal of obstruction.

[Jute Gasket used to join pipe] Source: VSS Nagar site

[Chain Block] Source: VSS Nagar site

3.5 LIST OF MACHINES INVOLVED

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HYDRA JCB BREAKER GENERATOR PUMP CHAIN BLOCK ROTATRY CONCRETE MIXTURE TRACTOR

[HYDRA]

[JCB]

[TRACTOR] Source: VSS Nagar site

3.6 METHODOLOGY

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3.6.1 SURVEYING: This is the first step at the executive level, Land surveying of the locality was done and the temporary bench-mark were marked to determine the level and estimate the sewage discharge which helped in deciding the size of pipe to be laid in the particular zone.

The instrument which were used in the surveying are:

Auto Level (levelling Machine) levelling Staff Chain

[Auto level] Source: VSS Nagar site

3.6.2 EXCAVATION: The excavation was done as per the formation level of the site and as per the design criteria. The

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excavation for the pipe trench was done leaving ample work space and the excavation for the manhole was done by increasing the workspace from the formation level to the top of the manhole.

The excavation was carried out by:

JCB Breaker

[Excavation was carried out by JCB] Source: VSS Nagar site

3.6.3 DEWATERING: Due to the high water table there was accumulation of the ground water in the excavated trench,

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somewhere water accumulated due to removal of old sewer lines which came across. The water in the trench was removed with the help of the pump. Dewatering often reduced the efficiency of the work.

[Fig shows the Dewatering process]Source: VSS Nagar Site

3.6.4 BEDDING: Providing a 300mm thick layer of 20mm aggregates or as per design to provide a firm base for the

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pipe to rest on it which helps in providing a firm level and stability to the pipe.

[fig shows bedding] Source: VSS Nagar site

3.6.5 PIPE LAYING: The laying of pipe of 2.5m length and 1000mm inner diameter (as per the site) was done in the

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trench with the help of the Hydra. The level of the pipe was checked and proper slope was ensured as per the design and jammed when they were at correct level, this was done with the help of Hydra and dumpy level. The two pipe were joined (spigot and socket) by providing a rubber ring to make it leak proof. After joining, tightening was done with the help of the chain block and finally sealed with jute gasket soaked in cement paste (1:3) was applied in the joint.

[fig shows process of pipe laying] Source: VSS Nagar site

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3.6.6 CUDDLING: The cuddling is done after the laying of pipe to restrict the side movement of the pipe, the aggregates of size 20mm are used as per design of dia of pipe.

3.6.7 CONSTRUCTION OF MANHOLE: Construction of manhole of 4.95m height

PCC: A layer of 100mm PCC (1:3:6) was provided before the construction of the raft.

Raft: A raft foundation of 250mm thickness with diameter 270mm was provided using the concrete grade M25.

First lift of wall: The first lift of manhole wall of 150mm height and 200mm wide was constructed using concrete grade M25 maintaining a inner diameter of manhole 1800mm leaving the area for the entrance of pipe in the manhole on both sides. The quantity of concrete used in first lift 1.394m3.

Second Lift of Wall: The height and thickness of second lift remained same as first lift but due to no requirement of pipe connection to the manhole no space was left therefore second lift of wall taking a higher volume of concrete. The quantity of concrete used in second lift 1.884m3.

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Third lift of wall: Third lift covered the remaining height before the conical wall, the height of 0.655m with thickness 200mm was provided.

Ring Beam[B2]: Ring beam after the third lift is provided of [250X150]mm to take the load.

Conical wall: The conical wall was constructed above ring beam[B1] and its inner diameter shrinks from 1.80m to 0.56m as we proceed towards top.

Ring Beam[B1]: Ring beam B1 [200X150mm] was provided above conical wall to support the load coming over it. Beam is generally provided where the section is changed.

Manhole Cover: A cover which is fibre reinforced and strong enough is provided at the top of manhole.

Benching: The benching was provided with a slope of 1:10 with CC (1:2:4) finished with neat cement punning for the easy removal of discharge.

Plastic Encapsulated Foot Step: Plastic encapsulated foot step were provided (300mmC/C staggered) to access the manhole during the maintenance or cleaning purpose. Inside face of manhole was finished with 6mm thick cement paste in CM(1:3) with neat cement punning.

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[fig shows Plastic Encapsulated foot step & Benching] Source: VSS Nagar site

[Section View of 1800 mm Dia Manhole of 4.95m Height] Source: Drawing no O2800-OWSSB-IVRCL RIG MHC DWG 281A05

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3.6.8 TESTS FOR LEAKAGE: Two test are usually performed:

CCTV: Closed Circuit Television Test is usually done on the sewer lines where the dia of the pipe is greater than 500mm. The test is done to determine the cracks (mostly at joint of pipe) and undulations. A man with a camera gets inside of the sewer line and the video could be seen on the monitor installed.

[1] [2] [3]

[4] [5] [6]

[fig shows the CCTV test performed] Source: VSS Nagar Site

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HYDROSTATIC TEST: This test involves filling the pipe line to be checked with water which may be dyed to aid in visual leak detection.

If the fall in the water level filled in falls beyond a certain limit than it assures a leakage

This test is usually performed for the pipe less than 500mm dia.

3.6.9 BACKFILLING: Backfilling is done with the help of sand so that it can fill all the voids and there should not be any air gap left.

[fig shows the process of backfilling] Source: VSS Nagar Site

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3.6.10 PROBLEMS INVOLVED:

Diversion of traffic High water level High temperature Telephone wires Less space available for swinging of

machines Delay in Construction due to rain Area gets swampy due to water logging

[fig shows problem involved]Source: VSS Nagar Site

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4. CONCLUSION:

Once all the sewer systems and treatment plants are built in Bhubaneswar, the remaining surface water will be mainly charged by diffuse pollution and combined sewer overflows. Therefore, the reduction of the (mainly acute) impact from combined sewer overflows on the receiving waters has to be tackled as soon as possible.

The sewer lines laid by the IVRCL will be collecting the sewage from various localities and treating them at the STP (Sewage Treatment Plant). The components of the sewage will be separated i-e water, gas and solid waste and will be treated before disposing off them, which will not only keep the city clean but will also save the environment.

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5. REFERENCES

Drawing No: IVRBBSR/DRG-GA/2013-14/Z-1A/09 Drawing No: O2800-OWSSB-IVRCL RIG MHC DWG

281A05 "Sewer Sealing machine Patches Cracks Underground"

Popular mechanics April 1956 F:\Sanitary sewer - Wikipedia, the free

encyclopedia.html IS Codes:

IS 458, IS 3597, IS 383:1998, IS 10262:2000, IS 456:2000, IS 516:2000, IS 4031 (PART I TO PART XII), IS 9103

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ivrcl report atishay tyagi (upes)

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