PES/ENG/IX/005

Note- File for Beta Evaluation A PUNJAB EDUSAT SOCIETY PRODUCTION

SUBJECT - ENGLISHCLASS - IXCHAPTER - PRONOUNS

Word count-3979We cut to MM 1:(Dialogue between an 8-year old naughty boy Sunny who is playing with a ball and his mother who wants him to finish his homework)

A naughty boy (Sunny) aged 8 years old keeps running around and playing in the house. His mother scolds him-

Mother - “Sunny! Enough of this. You have a lot of homework left. Why don’t you go and do your homework. You are supposed to speak a few lines about yourself tomorrow in the class. Why don’t you prepare for it? Tell me what you plan to speak?”

Sunny – “Sunny doesn’t like studying. Sunny likes playing. Sunny likes TV. Sunny doesn’t like Sunny’s mother”

Mother –(laughing) “Why do you repeat your name again and again? Instead of your name, use the word ‘I’ ”

Sunny – “I doesn’t like studying. I likes playing. I likes TV. I doesn’t like I’s mother”

Mother – “Oh no! Not like that. Say – I don’t like studying. I don’t like playing.. ok?”

Sunny – “I don’t like studying. I don’t like playing. I like TV. I don’t like I mother”

Mother – “No! Not ‘I mother’, say ‘my mother’

Sunny – “Oh mama! I am confused”

Mother – “No not at all my dear. Its rather simple! Come, I’ll take you to Uncle Sam who will tell you more about Pronouns!”

CUT TO ANCHOR1:

pZfuU,s[;h d/fynk fe fet/A ;zBh gVBktkA dh ;jh tos'A eoB s/ n;woE j? .s[;h gzikph dh ftnkeoD ftZu gVQ jh u[e/ j' fe i' Fpd BkAt (Noun)dh EkA s/ tos/ ikD T[BkQA Bz{ gVBkAt(Pronoun) nkyd/ jB .nZi dk gkm F[o{ eoB s'A gfjbkA nkU nZi d/ f;fynk T[d/FkA s/ Mks gk bJhJ/ .

1

PES/ENG/IX/005

(Insert a picture showing different kinds of cartoon faces-girls. boys. men ,women, children ,with dialogue blobs saying ‘I’, ‘We’, ’He’, ‘She’, ‘They’, ‘Their’, and in the middle of all these words, put a dialogue blob saying ’US’ in bold letters. Sketch attached with the script)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Voice-over with Text on screen

Recall the definition of a noun and identify them in any given sentence State the need for pronouns to replace nouns Define pronouns and give examples of commonly used pronouns Use appropriate pronouns while replacing singular or plural nouns Use appropriate pronouns with respect to the noun's gender Use appropriate pronouns while using first, second or third person Define and give examples of the different types of pronouns

Cut to ANCHOR2: (show each bulleted word on screen along with the anchor. If possible then the reference image can be shown. Otherwise only the word will do)

Let us first recall what nouns are. A noun is a word used to refer to a

person (picture of gandhiji) animal (picture of a lion)

place (picture of taj mahal)

thing (picture of a car)

event (picture of ravana being burnt on dussehra)

feeling (picture of a happy girl )

an abstract idea.

2

PES/ENG/IX/005

It’ll be worth while to quickly go through a quiz to identify nouns-

VO with TEXT on screen

(Show the sentence and display the noun after 1 second.)

1. My brother is very fond of playing cricketans – brother, cricket

2. Sukhmani and Jaspreet are good friends.ans – Sukhmani, Jaspreet, friends

3. I visited Agra last year.ans – Agra, year

4. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.ans – apple, day, doctor

5. There is a book on the table.ans – book, table

6. Mr. Singh was a very kind man.ans – Mr. Singh, man

7. Rains are great fun!ans – rains

8. Have you seen my keys?ans - keys

(VO with text continues)

Nouns are easy to identify! Let us hear the dialogue between Pinky and her Mother, Mrs. Kapoor. (Lip movements of two faces—one of a teen-aged girl with salwar kameez and a middleaged lady with a saree, to be shown, along with text in the dialogue boxes.)Mrs. Kapoor: So Pinky, how was the first day at school? Did you make some new friends?

Pinky: Mummy it was a very enjoyable day, as I made a new friend, Meera. Meera is very friendly and sweet. Meera also loves to draw, like me. Meera is an intelligent girl. Meera is very fond of playing throw ball. Meera stays very close to my house. I liked Meera a lot and Meera also made friends with me. Meera will come…………………

Mrs. Kapoor: Stop it Pinky! You sound so odd. Why are you repeating the name Meera, again and again?

Pinky: Oh Mummy, Then what do I say?

3

PES/ENG/IX/005

Mrs. Kapoor: It’s just the right time to see the TV Program on ‘ PRONOUNS’ You will learn all about replacing names with words called’ Pronouns’.

Pinky: Oh That sounds great! Let me quickly switch it on!.

( Pinky rushes towards a TV set and switches it on.)

Cut to Anchor3:

So I am sure you also must have heard Pinky talking to her mother .She sounded very incorrect when she repeated the name, ‘Meera’ nine times!!

This is not how we usually speak, do we? Let us listen to the corrected form of the same dialogue by Pinky.

Pinky: : Mummy, it was a very enjoyable day, as I made a new friend, Meera. She is very friendly and sweet. She also loves to draw, like me. She is an intelligent girl,. and is very fond of playing throw ball. She stays very close to my house. I liked her a lot and she also made friends with me. Meera will come…………………

The words ‘she’ and ‘her’ are called pronouns. They are substitutes for the noun ‘Meera’. A pronoun, therefore, is a word which is used in place of a noun, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.

Look at some examples- (Show this sentence with the images of a boy of 8 years, wearing pants and t-shirt and the same picture of Pinky shown before, while anchor talks on the screen)

Sachin is Pinky’s brother. They came to Chandigarh when he was five years old.

In this sentence, ‘he’ is a pronoun. It refers to the noun ‘Sachin’. ‘They’ is also a pronoun ……… which refers to both the children together.

(Show animated underlining of the pronoun – ‘he’ and ‘they’.)

These children go to their yoga class regularly..

In this sentence, ‘their’ is a pronoun. It refers to the noun ‘children.’

(Show animated underlining of the pronoun- ‘their)

Cut to Anchor4:

You should be familiar with the pronoun in common use. Here is a list of some commonly used pronouns- (the following table could be shown in the form of a brick wall, being built by a man climbing up a ladder, and putting the pronoun

4

PES/ENG/IX/005

bricks one by one with each pronoun on a separate brick, as it is equally divided into 3 parts. The word PRONOUNS can be written across the wall in red, in a slanting way. Or, these pronouns could be shown as a collage of words getting animated on the screen, and in the process, writing the word PRONOUN, across the screen. A sample sketch of both the ideas is attached herewith.)

CLIMBING THE ‘PRONOUN LADDER

Voice Over with Text on Screen: (show the question and fill in the blank with the right answer after 1-2 seconds)

Its time for a little exercise! Think of the appropriate pronoun required to be filled in these blanks-

1. Sonia is absent from school today but _________ will surely come tomorrow.Ans – she

2. I kept my mobile phone on the desk. Please bring _______________ for me.Ans – it

3. Tina frightened the bird so ________ flew away.Ans. It

4. I am looking for my spectacles. Have you seen ______________?Ans. Them

5. _____________ book is not mine, __________ may be Jatin’s.Ans. This, it

6. The twins look very cute. _____________ always wear the same clothes.Ans. They

7. The boy __________ found the purse, gave __________ back to the owner.Ans. Who, it

8. __________ saw the students shopping for _____________ farewell party.Ans I/We, their

Anchor: Now let’s talk about different kinds of Pronouns.

5

PES/ENG/IX/005

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:PERSONAL PRONOUNS

Personal pronouns stand for the three persons – first person, second person and third person. Pronouns can also be singular or plural.

The first person represents the person speaking as – I, we, myself, and ourselves. For example- Refer Image1 (dialogue is voice over)

The second person denotes the person the speaker is communicating with.

For example- Refer Image2 (dialogue is voice over)

The third person, stands for the ‘other’ thing that is referred to between the speaker and the listener.

Look at this example- Refer Image3 (dialogue is voice over)

Here is another one- Refer Image4 (dialogue is voice over)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:Using Pronouns Clearly

Cut to Anchor 5:

Because a pronoun REFERS BACK to a noun or TAKES THE PLACE OF that noun, you have to use the correct pronoun so that one can clearly understand which noun your pronoun is referring to.

Therefore, pronouns should:

1. AGREE in NUMBER (Show this heading while anchor is talking)

If the pronoun takes the place of a singular noun, you have to use a singular pronoun.

6

If a student parks a car on campus, he or she has to buy a parking sticker.

If a student parks a car on campus, they have to buy a parking sticker.

PES/ENG/IX/005

REMEMBER: The words EVERYBODY, ANYBODY, ANYONE, EACH, NEITHER, NOBODY, SOMEONE, A PERSON, etc. are singular and take singular pronouns.

Neither of the girls brought her umbrella. (NOT: their umbrellas)

2. AGREE in PERSON (Show this heading while anchor is talking)

If you are writing in the "first person" ( I), don't confuse your reader by switching to the "second person" ( you) or "third person" (he, she, they, it, etc.). Similarly, if you are using the "second person," don't switch to "first" or "third."

When a person comes to class, he or she should have his or her homework ready.

(NOT: When a person comes to class, you should have your homework ready.)

3. REFER CLEARLY to a specific noun. (Show this heading while anchor is talking)

7

Everybody ought to do his or her best.

Everybody ought to do their or her best.

PES/ENG/IX/005

Don't be vague or ambiguous.

NOT: Although the motorcycle hit the tree, it was not damaged. (Is "it" the motorcycle or the tree?)

NOT: I don't think they should show violence on TV. (Who are "they"?)

NOT: Vacation is coming soon, which is nice. (What is nice, the vacation or the fact that it is coming soon?)

NOT: George worked in a national forest last summer. This may be his life's work. (What word does "this" refer to?)

NOT: If you put this sheet in your notebook, you can refer to it. (What does "it" refer to, the sheet or your notebook?)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:

Demonstrative Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 6:

;ze/stkuekA[ (this,that,these,those,) d/ ;wz{jkA Bz{ th gVBkAtkA dh sokQ jh tofsnk ikAdk j?. gVBkAtkA d/ s'o s/ fJj BkAtkA dh gSkD eod/ jB.

That is incredible! (Refer Image8)

I will never forget this. (Refer Image9)

Such is my belief. (Refer Image10)

8

PES/ENG/IX/005

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:Relative Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 6:

The relative pronouns (who/whoever/which/that) relate groups of words to nouns or other pronouns (The student who studies hardest usually does the best.). The word ‘who’ connects or relates the subject, student, to the verb within the dependent clause (studies).

The expanded form of the relative pronouns — whoever, whomever, whatever — are known as indefinite relative pronouns. A couple of sample sentences should suffice to demonstrate why they are called "indefinite":

The coach will select whomever he pleases. He seemed to say whatever came to his mind. Whoever crosses this line first ,will win the race.

(Please animate the underlining of words)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:Indefinite Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 7:Indefinite pronouns refer to an unknown or undetermined person, place or thing. Care must be taken to identify whether the pronoun is singular or plural to ensure the proper conjugation of the verb.

Some indefinite pronouns always take a singular verb, which means that the verb is conjugated for a singular subject. For example:

Neither of the doctors plans to treat Arun's injury by surgery.

In this sentence, NEITHER is the subject. Because NEITHER is singular, it takes a single verb. In other words, the verb is conjugated as if the subject is a single person: NEITHER PLANS. Just as we would write THE DOCTOR PLANS. (Show this table on the screen)

Always Another, Anyone, Anybody, Anything, Everyone, Everybody,

9

PES/ENG/IX/005

singular Everything, Nothing, Each, Either No One, Neither, Nobody, One, Someone, Somebody, Something

VOICE OVER WITH TEXT ON SCREEN

In the following examples, the indefinite pronoun is bold and the verb is underlined.o Every season one or the other of the players attempts to break

Vishwanathan’s record.

o Whatever anyone says about Chandan’s laziness, when it comes to sports, he is always active!

o Someone on radio announces that it will rain, and everybody starts taking out his umbrella!

Some indefinite pronouns always take a plural verb, which means that the verb is conjugated for a plural subject. For example:

o Both the divers claim responsibility for finding the treasure, first.

In this sentence, BOTH is the subject. Because BOTH is plural it takes a plural verb. In other words, the verb is conjugated as if the subject is more than one person: BOTH CLAIM. Just as we would write THE DIVERS CLAIM. (Show this table on the screen)

Always plural Both, Few, Many, Several

In the following examples, the indefinite pronoun is bold and the verb is underlined.

o Both have paid tacit homage to this new reality.

o Many felt that the party had to change.

10

PES/ENG/IX/005

o A few made the same point but much more forcefully.

o Several of the bills that he signed contain provisions he disliked, but promised to fix.

Some of the indefinite pronouns may take a plural or singular verb depending on the meaning. For example:

o Some of the money remains unclaimed.

In this sentence, SOME is the subject and the object of the preposition. MONEY indicates whether the verb should be singular or plural. Because MONEY in this sentence is a single unit, the verb is singular. SOME REMAINS.

o Some of the children hide from the teacher.

In this sentence, SOME is the subject and the object of the preposition CHILDREN indicates whether the verb should be singular or plural. Because CHILDREN in this sentence is plural, the verb is plural. SOME HIDE.

Either plural or singular ,depending on the noun. All, Most, None, Some

o All the traditional groups we count on to re-elect us are against Congress. o Almost all the money in the budget is being diverted from those programs. o None of the ways of looking at a President's legacy is simple. o It seemed as if none of the relief supplies were actually delivered. o Some of the pundits say that India is in danger of being in nuclear isolation. o Experts believe some of the negative campaigning appears to have run its course.

11

PES/ENG/IX/005

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:

Intensive Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 8:

Intensive pronouns (such as myself, yourself, herself, ourselves, themselves—show blinked and animated) fBih gVBkAtkA d/ pD/ jz[d/ jB consist of a personal pronoun plus self or selves i' eh BkAtkA s/ i'o gkT[d/ jB. (I myself don't know the answer.) It is possible (but rather unusual) for an intensive pronoun to precede the noun it refers to. (eg.Myself, I don't believe a word he says.)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:

Reflexive Pronouns

Cut to Anchor9:

The reflexive pronouns (which have the same forms as the intensive pronouns) indicate that the subject in the sentence also receives the action of the verb. (Students who cheat on this quiz are only hurting themselves. You paid yourself a million dollars? She encouraged herself to do well.)

What this means is that whenever there is a reflexive pronoun in a sentence there must be a person to whom that pronoun can "reflect." In other words, the sentence "Please hand that book to myself" would be incorrect because there is no "I" in that sentence for the "myself" to reflect to (and we would use "me" instead of "myself"). A sentence such as "I gave that book to myself for Christmas" might be silly, but it would be correct.

Be alert to a tendency to use reflexive pronoun forms (ending in -self) where they are neither appropriate nor necessary. The inappropriate reflexive form has a wonderful name: the ‘untriggered’ reflexive. "Myself" tends to sound weightier, more formal, than little ol' ‘me’ or’ I’, so it has a way of sneaking into sentences where it doesn't belong.( Please put a cross next to these incorrect sentences.)Eg.Bharat and myself I are responsible for this decision.

These decisions will be made by myself me.

If you have any questions, please contact myself me or Bharat.

When pronouns are combined, the reflexive will take either the first person

Amit, Arun and I have deceived ourselves into believing in my uncle.

or, when there is no first person, the second person:

You and Jayati have deceived yourselves.

12

PES/ENG/IX/005

The indefinite pronoun (see above) one has its own reflexive form ("One must have faith in oneself."), but the other indefinite pronouns use either himself or themselves as reflexives. (There is an entire page on the pronoun one.) It is probably better to pluralize and avoid the clumsy himself or herself construction.

No one here can blame himself or herself. The people here cannot blame themselves.

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:

Interrogative Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 10:

The interrogative pronouns (who/which/what) introduce questions. (What is that? Who will help me? Which do you prefer?) Which is generally used with more specific reference than what. If we're taking a quiz and I ask "Which questions give you the most trouble?", I am referring to specific questions on that quiz. If I ask "What questions give you most trouble"? I could be asking what kind of questions on that quiz (or what kind of question, generically, in general) gives you trouble. We know who is guilty of this crime.

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:Reciprocal Pronouns

Cut to Anchor 11:

The reciprocal pronouns are ‘each other and one another.’ They are convenient forms for combining ideas. If Sonali gave Tanvi a book for Christmas and Tanvi gave Sonali a book for Christmas, we can say that they gave each other books (or that they gave books to each other).

My brother and I give each other a hard time.

If more than two people are involved (let's say a whole book club), we would say that they gave one another books. This rule (if it is one) should be applied circumspectly. It's quite possible for the exchange of books within this book club, for example, to be between individuals, making "each other" just as appropriate as "one another."

Reciprocal pronouns can also take possessive forms:

They borrowed each other's ideas. The scientists in this lab often use one another's equipment.

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:SUMMARY

Voice Over with Text on Screen

Let us quickly recapitulate whatever we have learnt in this module-

13

PES/ENG/IX/005

General definition:A pronoun is a word used in place of one noun or more than one noun.

Person of pronounso first —refers to the speaker of a sentence (e.g. I, me, my)o second —refers specifically to the receiver of the sentence (e.g. you)o third —refers to someone other than me or you (e.g. him, them)

Types of pronouns:o Personal —pronouns referring to specific people (usually by their

relationship to the speaker). o Reflexive —reflexives and intensives look alike (-self, -selves), but

reflexives tend to complete a circular reference where the subject of the verb acts on himself or herself (e.g. I taught myself chess; that’s why I am proud of it.)

o Intensive —reflexives and intensives look alike (-self, -selves), but intensives only reinforce (intensify) a noun or pronoun just mentioned in the sentence. E.g. I myself will fix the problem.

o Demonstrative —pronouns that specify almost by pointing to an object (e.g. this, that, those), but be careful: these same words followed by a noun (e.g. those books ) would be demonstrative adjectives and not pronouns at all.

o Interrogative —pronouns designed to interrogate, i.e. to ask a questiono Relative —pronouns that relate an adjective clause to the word(s) it

modifies (just as the word that relates the modifying clause to the word pronouns at the start of this sentence)

o Indefinite —pronouns that make usually indefinite numerical references (e.g. many, few, both, some, anything)

Cut to our hi-tech board on which the following SUPER appears:QUIZ TIME

Cut to Anchor 13:

Use the correct personal pronouns. Watch the words in brackets.

Example: ___ often reads books. (Lisa)

Answer: She often reads books.

1) _______is dreaming. (Rajesh)

Ans. He

2) _______is green. (Apple)

Ans. It

3) _______are on the wall. (the ants)

14

PES/ENG/IX/005

Ans. They

4) __________is running. (the dog)

Ans. It

5) __________are watching TV. (my mother and I)

Ans. We

6) __________are in the garden. (the flowers)

Ans. They

7) ___________is riding his bike. (Kapil)

Ans. He

8) ___________is from Jaipur. (Rachna)

Ans. She

9) ___________has got a brother. (Fatima)

Ans. She

10) Have___________got a computer, Mandeep?

Ans. you

It’s now time for a crossword puzzle!

PronounsClick on each box to enter letters in the crossword puzzle.

1

2 3 4 5

6 7

8 9

10 11

Across1. You're too old to take care of ___________.2. He ordered ___ to do it, but we forgot.4. His new boss is driving ___ crazy.6. Switzerland is famous for ___ watches, chocolate...

15

PES/ENG/IX/005

12

8. Arun and Gita plan to move to ___ new house soon.10. Give it to him, not to ___.11. ___ have done our share of work.12. There's no secret between you and ___ .

Down1. ___ should do your homework.3. ___ hasn't met her fiance yet.4. She cut ___ badly.5. I trust him. He's an old friend of ___.7. ___ is Jatin's grandmother.9. Misha went out with a friend of ___.10. Talk to Mr. Girish and tell ___ about your plans.

End of the episodeDear children, I am sure that by now, you are absolutely clear with the topic of pronouns .Here is a classroom game for you to play and practice the kind of pronouns. Meet your caterpillar friend and see what he has to say.

16

PES/ENG/IX/005

Look at the picture of the CATERPILLAR. The author calls him ‘The Hungry Caterpillar’ .Do you know that he is hungry for WORDS.

What to do: Take a piece of paper and make ”‘PRONOUN WORDS ,as many as you can, from the main word ,”CATERPILLAR”. You can make two columns and write the word on the first column and the kind of pronoun in the second column. Let your Teacher give you a time limit. The student who can write the maximum amount of Pronouns from the given word , in that particular time, will be the winner. So now, go ahead and try your luck!!

Thank you for your patient listening and eagerness to learn.

HAPPY LEARNING!!!l

The script has been reviewed by - -------------------------------

Signature - -------------------------------------------------------------

Date - ------------------------------------------------------------------

17