izmir historical coal gas factory restoration project

IZMIR HISTORICAL COAL GAS FACTORY RESTORATION PROJECT

To be completed by Europa Nostra: HA-2012/ /

EUROPEAN UNION PRIZE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE/ EUROPA NOSTRA AWARDS 2012

ENTRY FORM CATEGORY 1- CONSERVATION

The form should constitute part of a detailed entry dossier and be submitted by 1 October 2011 (date of sending) to: Elena Bianchi, Heritage Awards Coordinator, Lange Voorhout 35, NL - 2514 EC Den Haag, The Netherlands Please FILL OUT in English, PRINT, SIGN and SEND Please include a COVER-PAGE with the name and a photograph of the building / site/ work of art

Title of the project (max. 60 characters) IZMIR HISTORICAL COAL GAS FACTORY RESTORATION PROJECT

Name and address of the building / site / work of art IZMIR HISTORICAL COAL GAS FACTORY Umurbey Mahallesi Liman Caddesi no:20 Konak – Izmir – Turkey

Type (check one only as applicable)

Building conservation

Archaeology / sub-marine archaeology

Building Conservation areas and urban design

Landscape, historic parks and gardens

Works of art and collections

Other (please specify)

Brief description of the conservation work (max. 200 words)

Izmir Historical Gas Factory, situated at the rear area of the Port Izmir, was built in the second half of 19th Century by Laidloux and Sons, a company from Glasgow. The factory is a complex of 8 buildings, which provided much of Izmir’s heating services until recently. Having been closed down in 1994, it served as technical service and atelier for Izmir’s two bus service providers until 2005 when Izmir Metropolitan Municipality decided that it restore this industrial heritage site as a cultural, social and arts centre. Restoration work began in 2007 and finalised with the completion of landscaping work in November 2008. The project restored and landscaped 8 most neat buildings and its surroundings to let citizens better feel cultural, arts and social joy of Izmir’s city life. A food-court zone transformed to a centre of attraction and enriched with water features, a shopping zone to support historical buildings with additional sales units, a square for gathering where the historical water tank is situated in the middle, an entertainment zone around the structurally different new building, a cultural zone where there are exhibition halls and workshops, and a cinema and visual arts zone with habitable grass surface.

Start and completion date of the project (between September 2008 and September 2011)

10th of March 2005 – 18th of November 2011

Entrant

Name (title - first name - last name) MR. BUGRA OZCOBAN Function EU AND PROJECTS EXPERT Organisation IZMIR METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY (IMM) Address (Street name and number- postal code- town-country) IBB Sosyal Hizmetler ve Projeler Dairesi Baskanligi 895 Sok. No:7 K:3 308 nolu oda PK. 35250 Konak – Izmir TURKEY Telephone 0090.232.2931076 Mobile phone 0090.532.4259334 Email [email protected] Website http://www.izmir.bel.tr/ http://www.izmir.bel.tr/Kultursanat/EtkinlikMerkezleri/TarihiHavagaziFabrikasi http://www.izmir.bel.tr/en/projelerb.asp?pID=18&psID=0 http://www.izmir.bel.tr/projelerb.asp?pID=18&psID=0 http://www.mekan360.com/360fx_tarihihavagazifabrikasi-izmir-merkez.html

http://www.izmir.com.tr/Pages/Art/EventPlaces.aspx?placeid=55

Owner

Name (title - first name - last name) MR. AZIZ KOCAOGLU (In the name of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality) Function MAYOR Organisation IZMIR METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY (IMM) Address (Street name and number- postal code- town-country) Cumhuriyet Bulvari No:1 PK. 35250 Konak – Izmir TURKEY Telephone 0090.232.2931200 Mobile phone - Email [email protected],

Project leader Name (title - first name - last name) MRS. EYLEM BASAR KAPLAN Function COORDINATOR – Development Agency, Project, and EU Relations Office Organisation IZMIR METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY Address (Street name and number- postal code- town-country) IBB Sosyal Hizmetler ve Projeler Dairesi Baskanligi 895 Sok. No:7 K:3 308 nolu oda PK. 35250 Konak – Izmir TURKEY Telephone 0090.232.2933880 Mobile phone 0090.5326265658 Email [email protected]

Other participants ( Name (title - first name - last name), organisation and role in project)

Concise summary

The summary should cover: aims of the project and its results, partners involved, implementation, budgetary constraints, phases of development, funding arrangements, approximate total cost, and the qualities which make it outstanding in a European context. 1 page only Aims of the Izmir Historical Gas Factory Restoration Project is: 1. To earn the Izmir City life a new centre of attraction by achieving the first coal gas factory restoration in Turkey that will contribute to European and Turkish Industrial Heritage Protection Studies by revealing a magnificent work of art, 2. Transforming the factory site and buildings owned by the municipality to a place where cultural, arts, and social activities can be fulfilled at the City Centre. Results: 1. An industrial heritage restoration work exemplary to Turkey was brought to City life by having restored and landscaped 8 registered buildings and its surroundings of Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory. 2. The Factory was materialised as an important cultural, arts and social centre of the City of Izmir. In addition, Food-court zones were formed in front of Building 1, a cultural zone was formed by gasometre visualisation and by forming open exhibition spaces. A cinema and visual arts zone was formed on the grass area. A shopping zone was formed by constructing additional sales units at the back of Building 4, and an entertainment zone by timber flooring and building water features. Vegetation works were done according to function and applied in a way to avoid sealing the buildings and separate zones from each other. There were no partners involved and no budgetary constraints in the restoration work. Four tenders took place to achieve restoration: 1. The contract to prepare restoration projects of buildings was signed on 10.03.2005 2. The restoration construction work was invited for tender on 02.02.2007. Start date: 03.05.2007 end date: 06.02.2008 3. Professional inspection service contract was signed with the project designer. 4. Landscaping work was invited for tender on 28.05.2008. Start date: 22.07.2008 end date: 18.11.2008 Green-field arrangements were done by relevant municipal units. Izmir Metropolitan Municipality funded the project from its own budget. Approximate total cost is 6.715.500 Turkish Liras (approximately 2.686.200 Euros). Due to the proximity of the area to the Port of Izmir, it is an important centre for tourism. Visiting tourists are able to experience the site by watching the social, cultural and artistic life of Turkey and join it on demand. At the same time, they will be able to have an idea on old industry structures. The site created serves to contribute to intercultural transaction in Europe in the long run. Izmir Historical Gas Factory is a European Industrial Heritage. It was constructed in Izmir with the existing technology in the United Kingdom in the second half of the 19th century and at a time when it was a multicultural city where Europeans, Levantine and the population of Ottoman subjects had lived. There are European equivalents of the Factory which were providing service in that period. Some of these, which have been able to be conserved until today in European cities have been ascribed new functions and brought to city life. Therefore, Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory Restoration Project is a model candidate to enhance common knowledge of the industrial heritage sector, which studies restored equivalents in European cities.

Detailed description

A - Description of the heritage, including historical background; value and significance; heritage protection status. Maximum 1000 words Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory is situated next to the central neighbourhood of Alsancak at the District of Konak and behind the Port of Izmir, which is one of Turkey’s largest export ports. The Factory, which has an important place in late 19th century and early 20th century industrial buildings of Izmir, and its extensive transfer grid, provided modern services of urban lighting and heating services of the era to citizens. With incremental growth in its trade volume in the second half of the 19th century, there were important developments in the industrial life of Izmir. Big industrial enterprises like the Spinning Factory, Coal Gas Factory, and Water Factory were opened up. Industrial usage shifted to those areas due to their proximity to Alsancak Train Station and Port. The Ottoman State’s granting foreigners the right to trade on Ottoman soil in 1838 and the following incremental trade volume growth, brought about granting a 40 year privilege to journalist A. Edwards in 1959 to establish a Coal Gas Factory. The Coal Gas Factory was established by the company “Laidloux and Sons” the headquarters of which was in Glasgow. The Factory was managed by Izmir Coal Gas Company the headquarters of which was in London and administrative and technical staff in Izmir. Initially, 600 lanterns for urban lighting were foreseen to be erected but with the number reaching 3000, the factory constructed additional buildings for capacity increase. The use of electricity came about as a cheaper alternative at the beginning the 20th century. Eager not to lose the market at hand, it obstructed transition to electricity until the beginning of World War I. Since privileges of foreign companies were not extended in the Republican era, Izmir Coal Gas Company was transferred to Izmir Municipality in 1935. Izmir Municipality formed a City Gas Directorate and put the Factory into use. Its ownership was registered with it in 1940. Izmir Electricity, Water, Coal Gas, Bus, Tramway General Directorate (ESHOT), an affiliated establishment to the Municipality formed in 1943, incorporated Izmir Coal Gas Company in 1945. The factory had started to produce fuel for housing after the City turned to electric-lighting. Due to old technology, constant losses, environmental pollution, and end of economic life Izmir Metropolitan Council decided for its close down and it officially ceased operation on 24.10.1994. Factory buildings were used for technical service, atelier and personnel by bus service providers of ESHOT and Izmir Transport Services and Machinery Industry Ltd. (IZULAS) of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) before their restoration. Therefore factory equipment was taken out of buildings and alterations were made in line with the need of that period. Izmir Cultural and Natural Conservation Board decision in 1998 registered the buildings as 1st group of Immovable Cultural Assets. After permissions taken from Conservation Board, it was turned into cultural, arts and social activities centre. The contract to prepare restoration projects of buildings was signed on 10.03.2005. After tendering the restoration construction work, contract was signed with the company Akdemir Inc. (start date: 03.05.2007 end date: 06.02.2008). Professional inspection service contract was signed with the project designer. After tendering the landscaping work, contract was signed with Akdemir Inc. (start date: 22.07.2008 end date: 18.11.2008). Green-field arrangements were done by relevant municipal units. According to the Restoration Project Work all additional buildings, except 8 registered buildings that have a construction area of 2549 square metre (sqm), were demolished on the 23244 sqm open area. Building 1, used as Foundry Building, was restored as Cafeteria; Building 2, used as Engine Room was more recently used as Atelier and restored as Reading Room; Building 3, used as Administrative Building, was more recently used as bus and labour union personnel and restored to its original use on the upper floor and as WC on the lower. Building 4, used as laboratory, was more recently used as technical service and restored as Sales Unit; Building 5, used as Atelier and restored as Social and Cultural Centre; Building 6, originally comprised of 2 structures, was more recently used as dining hall, atelier and for personnel, and restored as Workshop and Exhibition Hall; Building 7 used as Water Tank, and restored as Teahouse and Booth. Structure 8 is the 46.30 high and 5.14 metre in diametre Chimney and restored to its original. In terms of landscaping, main function zones were determined in surrounding areas of buildings taking their functions into account. Details were solved with a vivid, respectful, and modern approach at the heritage area. A food-court zone transformed to a centre of attraction and enriched with water features, a shopping zone to support historical buildings with additional sales units, a square for gathering and attraction centre where the historical water tank is situated in the middle, an entertainment zone around the structurally different new building in the area, a cultural zone where there are exhibition halls and workshops, and a cinema and visual arts zone (open space area) with habitable grass surface of 1800 sqm is located at the site.

All trees at the site were preserved. 5 olive trees of 150 years of age were transferred to the site from areas of the city where uprooting was compulsory. A 122 car-capacity parking lot of 2400 sqm and 5 decorative pools were constructed. The gasometre mark was shown with use of different material at the lot, and the partial visualisation of the other gasometre was made by steel construction so that its interior would be used for exhibition purposes. The old fabric was created with extracted stone pavements used around chimney and cafeteria. Chosen ground pavements were compliant with buildings and were of granite, floor brick, diabase, and granite cube stones. IMM applied to “2008 Prize Competition for Promotion of Historical and Cultural Heritage Protection Projects and Applications” of the Union of Historical Towns with this restoration project. Among 43 competitive projects from 26 municipalities, it was awarded the “Metin Sozen Grand Protection Award of the Union of Historical Towns” on 22-24 May 2009.


B - State of conservation and use of the heritage before the project commenced. Maximum 1000 words Building 1: Late-period additional concrete structures built inside the single-floor building. Two-floor additional concrete structure built in east. Personnel showers on the second floor. The building was built with masonry system. Stone wall bonding irregular. Coating of later periods on walls. Floor concrete and earth fill. Roof comprises of steel truss. L bars built on truss carry the wood boarding. Steel carrier components harmed. Three luminaries on roof. In the North side of roof; shrouded French tiles, in the South; corrugated sheet. Two different arched window used on each floor. Lower-floor window joinery is wood, upper floor is L bar. Interventions on windows due to functional change. Building entrance in the west. All doors arched. Some doorways closed, some narrowed. New doorways opened at some locations. Additional building to the east. Furnace and its chimney. Chimney mark on the side wall. Building 2: Deformed building floor used as Atelier. Steel trusses placed on open space and two built-in concrete-based steel sections covered with wood. Deteriorations on boards. Main wall carrier made of L bars at certain intervals. Concrete filling between bars. Opening in east to facilitate vehicle entrance. Entrance circled with L bars. Basement windows visible but entrance not detected. Basement filled with debris. Roof: 3 saddleback roofs formed with steel trusses. Wooden roof board deformed at valley boards. 3 types of windows detected. Arches of arched windows of fire brick, joinery is of wood. One of two doors in South turned to window and other bonded with concrete to obstruct entrance. Two basement arched windows each in east and west. 3 circled windows each on North and South. Building 3: Used as personnel and labour union building. Roof demolished and replaced with deck roof. Lower-floor ground cover: terrazzo and ceiling: plywood. Upper-floor ground is veneer. Interior: segmented for functional use. Stairs to upper floor replaced later on. Two arched doors and windows made of firebricks in north lower-floor. 1 window opened afterwards and 1 original window on upper-floor in east. 1 window opened afterwards on lower-floor and 1 original window on the upper-floor on south. Exterior is coated. Firebrick frames on four side of building. Building 4: Single-floor building used as technical service. Additional constructions in east and west fronts. Main wall carrier made of L bars at certain intervals. Concrete filling between bars. Building comprises of two spaces. Ceiling covering is plywood. No roof frame detected. Roof cover is onduline 1 window opened afterwards in south, 2 original firebrick-framed doors and 1 window in west. 2 original brick-framed windows in North. 1 frameless window in east. Firebrick frames and drips on four side of the building. Exterior coating done with aggregate coating. Building 5: Used as atelier. Built in the 1950s with reinforced concrete. Registered according to Conservation Board decision. Wooden and profile windows on lower-floor. Windows on upper-floor iron profile. Entrance to buildings through two iron Gates. The roof : Tile-lining hipped roof. Building 6: Used as dining hall, personnel and atelier. Originally comprised of two separated buildings. But two buildings were combined with an additional building. (6-1, additional building 6-2 and 6-3) 6-1 Lower-floor entrance is in the west. The upper- floor is reached by stairs constructed later in the South. Additional floor is made of concrete columns, beams and floor covering. The lower-floor covering is ceramic and ceiling concrete. Upper-floor covering is terrazzo and ceiling is suspended plywood ceiling. 1 window and one door bound in the South. On the upper-floor, window in the middle turned to door and 2 windows in total. 3 windows turned to doors and some windows bound in the east. Changes in lower-floor windows and doors to link it with the additional building to the North. Huge material loss on frames.

Main wall carrier made of L bars. Concrete filling between bars, losses seen in fillings. Wooden roof trusses seen in patches. Roof cover is onduline. Aggregate coating used on exterior. 6-2 This building constructed at later times and due to be demolished during implementation stage. 6-3 Used as atelier. Inactive for a very long time and distorted. Entrance in the west through two symmetrical doors. 1 woodwork room at interior in the North. A room built later to the South. Main wall carrier made of L bars. Concrete filling between bars, material loss on side fillings. Tile frames around all windows and doors. Entrance in the west through 2 doors. No changes in window and doors in the west. Big losses on frames. Additional building to the North. Window in the middle turned to door to pass to additional building in the middle. 1 window turned to door in the South to facilitate passage to additional building on upper floor. Lower floor windows bound on this side. No changes in the east. Flooring partially disappeared. Some places concrete. Lower-floor ceiling of timber beams. Square steel columns on ground floor extend to the upper floor. Building has no way up to the upper floor. Upper floor covering is wood. Roof comprises of steel truss. Roof cover is onduline. Lower-floor windows on the east front are sash windows. Each has original bars in front. Building 7: There is a 1.15 metre sheet metal water tank at the upper end of building walls. Tile frames on doors, windows and building sides. 6 rows of brick laid on fronts. Trace of the stairs to the water tank is seen. Straight ladder is placed instead of the original one. There are two spaces and the wall between is damaged. Some of the southern and northern windows are bonded. No window or door in the east. Iron windows and doors remain on west. No window joinery detected. There are little sheds next to building except south. Structure 8: Chimney diameter: 5.14 metres on the floor and 1.90 metres at peak. Chimney entrance bricked and closed. 33 circle metal sheets. Number 27 and 28 missing. Chimney slightly tilted after 40 metres. Material loss, tarnish and salination on Chimney surface.


C – a. scope of the project: aims and objectives; b. historical and technical research; c. stages of implementation; d. design and conservation work carried out; e. context in which the project was undertaken; f. design and technical problems involved and their chosen solutions both before and during the work; g. use of appropriate building and conservation techniques; h. use of traditional crafts and skills; i use of appropriate materials; j. results achieved; k. provisions for future use and maintenance; l. response to urban or landscape context; m. state clearly if any related work still needs to be completed. Maximum 2000 words a. Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory Restoration Project Objectives: 1. Protection of our industrial heritage, which has in the 19th century Izmir Industrial History met a modern urban need of the period, and hand it down to next generations, 2. Creation of an area at the Izmir City Centre where cultural, arts, and social activities can be fulfilled. Aims: 1. To earn the Izmir City life a new centre of attraction by achieving the first coal gas factory restoration in Turkey that will contribute to European and Turkish Industrial Heritage Protection Studies by revealing a magnificent work of art, 2. Transforming the factory site and buildings owned by the municipality to a place where cultural, arts, and social activities can be fulfilled at the City Centre. b. Photographs, albums and postcards of Izmir available at the IMM City Library archive were utilised from historical and technical point of view. Exterior wall analysis reports were prepared, samples of stone wall bonding, coating and coating stuff were analysed during project design stage c. Four tenders took place to achieve restoration: 1. The contract to prepare restoration projects of buildings was signed on 10.03.2005 2. The restoration construction work was invited for tender on 02.02.2007. Start date: 03.05.2007 end date: 06.02.2008 3. Professional inspection service contract was signed with the project designer. 4. Landscaping work was invited for tender on 28.05.2008. Start date: 22.07.2008 end date: 18.11.2008 Green-field arrangements were done by relevant municipal units. d. Building 1: Additional construction on east side of the building was demolished, lining material on the side removed and perfected with natural stones. Crane system at interior demounted and its reinforced concrete carrier removed. Results of drilling cores taken from the reinforced concrete additional structure (determined to become kitchen and toilet) was confirmed to have lost its carriage ability. Concrete demolished and rebuilt. Parts of steel truss roof subject to corrosion removed. Decomposition works done on walls. Doors and windows opened detected from frame marks. Deteriorated tiles removed. Deteriorated bars on exterior and interior walls were changed and deterioration applied on necessary wall parts and perfected with authentic stones. Old Stone surfaces cleaned with sandblasting. Joints perfected and walls fortified by pumping chemicals through pipes laid between joints. New bars mounted replaced bars removed from roof. Preserved bars brushed and cleaned. Antirust and oil-paint applied. Wooden roof board replaced and insulated. Tile lining renewed. Iron joinery door and window removed with care. Windows and doors authentically restored making appropriate perfections following scraping marks. Tile frames produced in special moulds. Chimney inside the building brushed, cleaned and painted. Deteriorated steel sheeting on chimney exits renewed. Railway line found inside the building extending to the northern front outdoors. Line cleaned, glass reinforced coating applied, and traces of history neatly reflected. Wood parquet laid on ground. Building 2: Additional shed and fuel tank demounted on northern front. Building suspended until new columns replaced deteriorated supporting steel columns. Parts of steel sections deteriorated by corrosion and roof boards removed. Coating around cracks on the exterior scraped and corroded supporting bars on the interior removed. Exterior fortified by fixing cracks together with iron and binding wire (stitching method). Steel columns that lost carriage ability removed and replaced with new ones. Ground compacted with care. Wood parquet laid on ground. Walls coated and painted. Old and worn moulding completed according to original sample. The window-turned door, implicit from traces on the wall, restored as door. Frames cleaned by sandblasting. New stairs constructed on door exits due to elevation difference and doors rendered functional. Roofing removed, firm parts kept, additions made, insulating material applied on top and tiled. Pitch board formed for joint liquid on the exterior and its original adhered to.

Building 3: Additional constructions on the exterior were demolished, additional concrete part inside the building removed. All additional interior materials removed and the deteriorated ones of the main carrier timber stringers removed and fortified. Interior coating scraped and cleaned. Windows confirmed to be opened afterwards were bonded with natural stones. Window-turned doors reopened. The roof restored with rebuilt wooden truss. Unstable floor beams replaced and covered with wooden parquet. On the lower floor, plywood suspended ceilings replaced by veneer suspended ceiling. Toilet locations were coated with ceramic of choice matching historical building. Stone surfaces cleaned on the exterior by sandblasting. Door and window profiles replaced according to its project. Building 4: Additional structures on the east and west front were demolished first. Coating around cracks on the exterior scraped and corroded supporting bars on the interior removed. Washbasins placed afterwards demolished and walls scraped. Exterior fortified by stitching method on crack detected sections following sectional scrapings. Original sample compliant external coating finished with aggregate coating. Missing window and wall tiles and frames replaced with compliant originals. Roof frame authentically reconstructed and covered with French tiles. Interior coated and painted. Wood parquet laid on ground. Building 5: Additional parts on east and west fronts demolished. Windows opened on the exterior as measures stated in plans and iron joinery removed. Roof frame authentically reconstructed. All windows and doors constructed with aluminium materials compliant with project. New locations formed as stated in project. Coating and painting reparations completed. Mosaic frame on the floor removed. Floor covered with granite ceramic. Aluminium suspended ceilings applied. Building 6: Building comprises of three parts. The additional concrete structure used as passway between part 6-1 and 6-3 demolished separating two locations. Closed windows opened. Windows and doorways opened afterwards were closed. Coating around cracks on the exterior scraped and corroded supporting bars on the interior removed. Exterior fortified by stitching method on crack detected sections. External coating finished with aggregate coating compliant to original sample. Parts of steel section roof subject to corrosion removed, remaining brushed, cleaned and painted. Wooden roof boards replaced and covered with French tiles. Elevation done on the floor and covered with wood parquet. In part 6-1, reinforced concrete flooring built afterwards demolished, new steel carriers mounted and carriers anchored to newly built base. Interior coating done and painted. Terrazzo floor used on ground. Original compliant new timber stringers built on roof. Insulating material applied on roof board and covered with French tiles. Building 7: Surrounding sheds removed. Windows closed at later times reopened and frames repaired. Corroded water tank demounted. New one placed by means of a crane. Stone surfaces on the exterior scraped by sandblasting. Andesitic covering used on the floor. Structure 8 (Chimney): 46.30 metres high. In order to correct the tilt in the last 6.5 metre part, tiles were demounted. Cracked parts stitched and missing parts complemented with original compliant materials. Drainage works of all buildings completed. e. The recent context was as follows: 1. The Conservation Board registered the Factory as a 1st Group Heritage site with its decision in 1998. 2. At the “Izmir Port Area Urban Design Contest”, organized by IMM in 2001, it was proposed that the Factory be utilised as industrial heritage. 3. In the 2003 Work Plan, the IMM envisaged the factory as a Culture and Entertainment Centre. In 2005, when restoration started, conservation of the rear Port area’s industrial sites was highly anticipated in the city. f. The design process was difficult. It required serious architectural, static and mechanic work. Design was based on site detections and old photographs due to abundant additional parts and scant documents on building’s history. Gasometre building visualisation was conceptualised according to photographs found. Mark of the other gasometre was revealed during implementation. Structures of no historical value and regularity were demolished. Building survey, restitution and restoration projects were prepared following on-site works since written documents on the authentic use of the Factory had not been reached, and additional buildings had been constructed while it was in service. Interventions were decided on detection. No implementation was done based on comment. The most important problem in implementation was shortcomings in detection due to lack of building survey study. Scrapings on coating enabled easier analysis on building carrier system and the period it belonged to. Each trace found was restored to its original use and conserved. The later revealed door at Building 1 and railway line once used to transfer coal from the port on wagons into the building were preserved and the line was exhibited by glass reinforced coating. Structural deformations in buildings were re-examined with scraping and fortification methods chosen.

The one of the most stringent issues in restoration implementation was demounting top 6.5 metre of the tilted chimney and reconstructing it with authentic material. A cone-shaped scaffolding system contracting towards the top was mounted to ease repair.

g. The project used masonry construction technique. Buildings having problems with their carrier systems were reinforced with steel sections. These were applied on specific buildings; Buildings 1, 3, and 7: decomposition on walls and injection, Buildings 2, 4, and 6: renewal of crack parts on walls and replacement of deteriorated carrier bars and fortification by stitching method in crack-detected sections, Buildings 1,2,4,5 and 6: authentic renewal of vestigial roof components, Buildings 2, 4, and 6: external coating, and Buildings 2, 4, 5 ve 6: authentic interior coating. Drainage was built around all buildings. h. Moulds were taken from decorations found at steel truss joints and mouldings on all interior walls. Healthy ones were preserved and imperfect ones were originally corrected in Building 2. i. Materials used on masonry constructions such as wood, stone, steel section and firebrick was used. j. 1. An industrial heritage restoration work exemplary to Turkey was brought to City life by having restored and landscaped 8 registered buildings and its surroundings of Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory. 2. The Factory was materialised as an important cultural, arts and social centre of the City of Izmir. k. Opened on 27.12.2008, the Factory is under the responsibility of the IMM Culture and Sports Department, Culture and Arts Directorate. The cafeteria, restaurant and exhibition areas were leased to the Grand Plaza Inc. with IMM Council decision on 30.01.2009. Art and Cultural events (concerts, cinevision shows, etc.), Art and sculpture exhibitions, and courses and workshops in various fields of Art are held in the area. The cafeteria hosts meetings and social events, and at exhibition areas are exhibits of artworks. Reading Halls are also available. In Building 1 and its surrounding open field, run by Grand Plaza Inc., events such as receptions and dinners are held. Building 2, which was planned as a Reading Hall, is used as a Meeting Hall. It is allocated to the use of Municipality and NGO meetings. Building 3, Upper level, is used as Administrative Unit.

Building 4 includes work offices.

Shopping zone has additional sales units. Products produced within the IMM Vocational and Craft courses are sold and Fashion designers’ collections are exhibited here.

Building 5, upper level, is used as Wedding Hall in winter. The lower level kitchen is run by Grand Plaza Inc.

In Building 6, visual shows are on display and dance, photography, paintings, glass mosaics and factory workshops are held. Open air concerts began in the Visual Arts Zone in 2009. Film club screenings are held on Wednesdays between June and September. All activities are free-of-charge. All the maintenance and repair costs are covered by the IMM. l. Due to the fast industrialisation around the rear port area, settlement is uncontrolled and disorderly. The restoration works are an example to land owners of the possibility to convert idle and unorganised structures into a city attraction. The establishment of a private University building as a result of an arrangement of old warehouses and ateliers close to the Factory, gives hopeful messages about the area’s future. As the first historical Coal Gas Factory restoration in Turkey, constituting a wide area in the city centre, providing new functions to the Factory buildings after restoration will breathe new life into the city. Free cultural, social and art services have closed the gap in this field.

m. The Coal Gas Factory project was completed in accordance with its restoration aims.


D - Costs, financial and management arrangements, and any difficulties overcome in the process of completing the project. Contributions and involvement of each partner should be clearly indicated. Maximum 500 words Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory is owned by the Izmir Metropolitan Municipality (IMM). The Municipality had the restoration work done. Four tenders took place to achieve restoration of factory buildings. E-S Construction, Town Planning, Architecture, Restoration Inc. prepared restoration projects of buildings. Architects and engineers of the IMM prepared the landscaping project. The contract to prepare restoration projects of buildings was signed on 10.03.2005 with the project designer for 62.000 Turkish Liras (TL). The restoration construction work was invited for tender on 02.02.2007. Contract was signed with the company Akdemir Inc. It assumed work on 03.05.2007 and finished on 06.02.2008 for 2.287.216,55 TL. The work was finished under the control of municipal architects and engineers. Professional inspection service contract was signed with the project designer for 11.02 TL. Landscaping work was invited for tender on 28.05.2008. Contract was signed with Akdemir Inc. It assumed work on 22.07.2008 and finished on 18.11.2008 for 3.174.200 TL. The work was finished under the control of municipal architects and engineers. Green-field arrangements were done by relevant municipal units.

Site delivery date: 03.05.2007 - 22.07.2008 Date of completion of work: 06.02.2008 - 18.11.2008 Contractor Company: Akdemir Mad. İnş. Tur. Nak. İth. İhr. San. Tic. Şti. Total plot area: 23244 sqm Building area restored: 2549 sqm (9 buildings) - 1 is the 9 newly constructed shopping units Total construction period: 400 days Project cost: 62.000 TL Construction cost: 5.900.000 TL Refurbishment: 88.500 TL Vegetation: 240.000 TL Grand Plaza: 425.000 TL Total: 6.715.500 TL The project finished on 18.11.2008. The opening ceremony was held on 27.12.2008.


E - Contribution of the project to the conservation and enhancement of the cultural heritage: impact on conservation policy and practice; historical, cultural, environmental, educational and/or social value; European added-value. Maximum 500 words Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory Project is the first Coal Gas Factory Restoration Application in Turkey. It serves as a very important model for policies and applications in the field of conservation. The project, which has the target of handing down our historical richness to the modern-day and next generations by refunctioning this type of an industrial building group, is today a complex used for many functions. The aim in restoration is the use of structures after being repaired. The Coal Gas Factory restoration has successfully fulfilled this. It hosts citizen with a fabric that comes down from the past with cultural activities, arts and training courses, and workshops. Each passing day the Centre enters City life with new activities. The moving image workshop, dance workshop, photography workshop, painting workshop, glass mosaic workshop, and the Factory workshop, which are provided free-of-charge to various age groups with the support of professionals, make important contributions to artistic skills development of attendants. Ascribing cultural and artistic activities to Coal Gas Factory buildings and the making of landscaping in a way to support this has developed the identity of the area. Aesthetic features of the buildings came into prominence after restoration applications, even though they were industrial structures. So it hosts its visitors with a fabric that comes down from the past. Special importance was given to building lighting during landscaping work. It was ensured that the buildings were sensed in a neat but picturesque fashion, and an aesthetic vision was created. To be at the Coal Gas Factory at night, with its unique lighting system rejuvenates visitors from visual point of view. Due to the proximity of the area to the Port of Izmir, it is an important centre for tourism. Visiting tourists are able to experience the site by watching the social, cultural and artistic life of Turkey and join it on demand. At the same time, they will be able to have an idea on old industry structures. The site created serves to contribute to intercultural transaction in Europe in the long run.

Izmir Historical Gas Factory is a European Industrial Heritage. It was constructed in Izmir with the existing technology in the United Kingdom in the second half of the 19th century and at a time when it was a multicultural city where Europeans, Levantine and the population of Ottoman subjects lived. There are European equivalents of the Factory which were providing service in that period. Some of these, which have been able to be conserved until today in European cities have been ascribed new functions and brought to city life. Therefore, Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory Restoration Project is a model candidate to enhance common knowledge of the industrial heritage sector, which studies restored equivalents in European cities.

To complete the dossier, please ANNEX to the form:

Drawings A4 format (no fold-outs larger than A3 format) A - A location-plan, preferably to the scale of 1:10 000, on which the building or site is clearly marked B - A site-plan C - Plans, section and elevation drawings, showing pre- and post-restoration conditions. All alterations/new additions should be clearly marked.

Photographs Good quality colour prints showing clearly the overall situation and important details of the project. Photos must include BEFORE and AFTER views, preferably from the same viewpoint, laid out together in the dossier. Wherever possible, please include photos of the works in progress. All printed photos should be clearly captioned. Entrants of winning schemes may be asked to provide additional photographs or material for press and promotional purposes.

Three (3) CD ROMs The dossier in PDF format and the photographs must also be sent on three (3) CD ROMs: 1 - CD ROM 1 is for quick reference by the jury. Photo files on this CD ROM should be in jpeg format only and not exceed 150kB each. 2– CD ROM 2 is for the assessment on location done by a local expert prior to the Jury meeting. Photo files on this CD ROM should be in jpeg format only and not exceed 150kB each. 3 - CD ROM 3 contains ready for print files for possible inclusion in the magazine that will be published on the occasion of the European Heritage Awards Ceremony. Photo files on this CD ROM should be in high resolution (300dpi) and in jpeg or tiff format only.

Checklist (please check each item; this should help you to prepare a complete dossier in compliance with the Conditions of Entry)

Cover-page with the name and a photograph of the building / site / work of art

The completed and signed entry form

Drawings, A4 format (no fold-outs larger than A3 format)

Photographs (historical - before - during – after)

2 CD ROMs (two identical copies) including PDF entry dossier and low resolution (< 150kB) photographs in jpeg

format

1 CD ROM including PDF entry dossier and high resolution photographs in jpeg or tiff format

Dossiers which fail to fulfil the requirements will not be presented to the jury

Declaration of entrant I wish to submit the above-named entry to the 2012 European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards. I have enclosed the required documentation (see ‘Dossier requirements for Category 1') and agree to the conditions set up by the Awards scheme. I confirm that I have obtained permission from the owners of the copyright for Europa Nostra, to freely use the photographs and material submitted (and others subsequently requested) for all purposes of publication and promotion of the Awards. Name, signature and stamp of entrant

Date 30.09.2011

First submission/ Resubmission I confirm that this is the first time that this project has been submitted for the European Union Prize for Cultural

Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards □ This is a resubmission for the European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Awards. The registration number and title of the previous submission was: _________________ Name and signature of entrant

Declaration of owner I, Mr. Aziz Kocaoglu, as the Mayor of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality and owner of Izmir Historical Coal Gas Factory consent to the submission of the property for the 2012 European Union Prize for Cultural Heritage / Europa Nostra Prize. Signature of the owner Date 30.09.2011 On Behalf of the Mayor of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Dr. S. Sirri Aydogan Deputy Mayor of Izmir Metropolitan Municipality

Declaration of photographer

I, Mr. Resat Yoruk, who own the copyrights of the photographs, grant permission for Europa Nostra, to freely use the photographs and material submitted (and others subsequently requested) for all purposes of publication and promotion of the Awards. Date 30.09.2011

LOCATION PLAN

SITE PLAN

BUILDING 1 FIRST FLOOR BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 1 GROUND FLOOR BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 1 SECTION B-B BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 1 NORTH FRONT BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 1 FIRST FLOOR RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 1 GROUND FLOOR RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 1 SECTION B-B RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 1 NORTH FRONT RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 2 FLOOR PLAN BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 2 SOUTH FRONT BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 2 SECTION A-A BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 2 SOUTH FRONT RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 2 SECTION A-A RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 3 WEST FRONT BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 3 WEST FRONT RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 4 NORTH FRONT BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 4 RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 4 NORTH FRONT RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 6 +0.00 ELEVATION BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 6 +3.00 ELEVATION BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 6 +0.00 ELEVATION RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 6 +3.00 ELEVATION RESTORATION PLAN

BUILDING 7 SOUTH FRONT BUILDING SURVEY

BUILDING 7 SOUTH FRONT RESTORATION PLAN

HISTORICAL VIEW

BUILDING 1 Before

After

BUILDING 1 INTERIOR Before

After

BUILDING 2 Before

After

BUILDING 3 Before

After

BUILDING 4 Before

After

BUILDING 5 Before

After

BUILDING 6 Before

After

BUILDING 7 Before

After

BUILDING 8 Before

After

ENTRANCE

AERIAL VIEW

ACTIVITIES

izmir historical coal gas factory restoration project

Documents

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conservation work

cultural zone

historical buildings

restoration work

konak izmir turkey telephone

website http

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