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Page 1: J b+mHBM2LQ`Kb M/AM72+iBQmb.Bb2 b2,h?2* b2Q7 *PoA.@RNtylerreny.github.io/pdf/pubs/reny_2020_sexism_covid_final_public.pdf · J b+mHBM2LQ`Kb M/AM72+iBQmb.Bb2 b2,h?2* b2Q7 *PoA.@RN

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Ç ai�v �i >QK2 dz_2bi`B+i �HH MQM@2bb2MiB�H i`�p2H QmibB/2 i?2 ?QK2Ǵ UR4ai`QM;Hv bmT@TQ`ic k4aQK2r?�i bmTTQ`ic j4aQK2r?�i QTTQb2c 94ai`QM;Hv QTTQb2c 84.QMǶi FMQrU`2+Q/2/ �b L�Vc K2�M4RXNkV

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Ç A/2QHQ;v UR4o2`v HB#2`�Hc k4GB#2`�Hc j4JQ/2`�i2fLQi am`2c 94*QMb2`p�iBp2c 84o2`v*QMb2`p�iBp2c K2�M4jXy9V

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Ç _�+2 UR4LQM@>BbT�MB+ q?Bi2c y4Pi?2`c K2�M4yXeeV

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Ç AMi2`2bi UR4JQbi Q7 i?2 iBK2c k4aQK2 Q7 i?2 iBK2c j4PMHv MQr �M/ i?2Mc 94>�`/Hv�i �HHc K2�M4RX3jV

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LQi2, ∗T<yXRc ∗∗T<yXy8c ∗∗∗T<yXyR

GQ;BbiB+ `2;`2bbBQM +Q2{+B2MibX ai�M/�`/ 2``Q`b BM T�`2Mi?2b2bX hrQ@i�BH2/ i@i2bibX �HH KQ/2Hb mb2 bm`p2vr2B;?ibX

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6 J 6 J 6 J 6 JURV UkV UjV U9V U8V UeV UdV U3V

a2tBbK −yXdk3∗∗∗ −yXe9d∗∗∗ −kXy39∗∗∗ −RXd8k∗∗∗ −yXN8N∗∗∗ −yXN38∗∗∗ kXkke∗∗∗ kX8Nk∗∗∗

UyXyjdV UyXyjeV UyXRkeV UyXRRdV UyXy9kV UyXy9yV UyXRR9V UyXRy9V

*QHH2;2 yXyjR∗∗ yXR83∗∗∗ yXy38∗ yXkye∗∗∗ −yXyke∗ yXRyj∗∗∗ −yXy9k yXjk9∗∗∗

UyXyRjV UyXyR9V UyXy9NV UyXy9NV UyXyR8V UyXyR8V UyXy9kV UyXyj3V

.2KQ+`�i yXkk9∗∗∗ yXj3e∗∗∗ yXk3y∗∗∗ yX8e9∗∗∗ yXRej∗∗∗ yXkyN∗∗∗ yXyky yXRkj∗∗

UyXyRdV UyXyRdV UyXy83V UyXy89V UyXykyV UyXykyV UyXy8eV UyXy89V

_2Tm#HB+�M −yXR3e∗∗∗ yXyj8∗∗ −yXyj9 yXk39∗∗∗ −yXRde∗∗∗ −yXRj8∗∗∗ yXR8R∗∗∗ yXkkN∗∗∗

UyXyRdV UyXyRdV UyXy83V UyXy8RV UyXykyV UyXykyV UyXy83V UyXy89V

*QMb2`p�iBp2 U8@Ti A/2QHQ;vV −yXRjk∗∗∗ −yXRdj∗∗∗ yXyRR −yXydj∗∗∗ −yXRje∗∗∗ −yXRk3∗∗∗ −yXk8N∗∗∗ −yXjR8∗∗∗

UyXyydV UyXyyeV UyXyk9V UyXykyV UyXyy3V UyXyydV UyXykRV UyXyReV

�;2 yXyRk∗∗∗ yXyy3∗∗∗ yXyyN∗∗∗ yXyy3∗∗∗ yXyRy∗∗∗ yXyye∗∗∗ −yXykN∗∗∗ −yXyj9∗∗∗

UyXyyy9V UyXyyyjV UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyy9V UyXyyy9V UyXyyRV UyXyyRV

q?Bi2 −yXkkN∗∗∗ −yXRdy∗∗∗ −yXyyyyj −yXRRk∗∗ −yXRjd∗∗∗ −yXye9∗∗∗ −yXy3j∗∗ −yXRdj∗∗∗

UyXyRjV UyXyR9V UyXy98V UyXy99V UyXyR8V UyXyR8V UyXy9yV UyXyjdV

_�+BbK yXReN∗∗∗ yXj9e∗∗∗ −yXy98 yXRNN∗∗ −yXyjj yXRk9∗∗∗ yX9Rj∗∗∗ RXR3k∗∗∗

UyXyk8V UyXykeV UyXy33V UyXy3jV UyXyk3V UyXyk3V UyXy3kV UyXydeV

SQHBiB+�H AMi2`2bi −yXky3∗∗∗ −yXRNe∗∗∗ −yXkee∗∗∗ −yXkek∗∗∗ −yXyj9∗∗∗ −yXyed∗∗∗ −yXky8∗∗∗ −yXk3d∗∗∗

UyXyydV UyXyydV UyXykkV UyXykyV UyXyy3V UyXyy3V UyXykkV UyXykRV

>Qmb2?QH/ AM+QK2 −yXyyR yXyy9∗∗∗ −yXyye∗∗ yXyy3∗∗∗ yXyyR yXyyj∗∗ yXyRN∗∗∗ yXykk∗∗∗

UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyjV UyXyyjV UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyjV UyXyyjV

lM2KTHQv2/ yXyje∗ −yXyj8∗ yXyek −yXRd3∗∗∗ yXyyN −yXyNj∗∗∗ yXykj yXR93∗∗∗

UyXykyV UyXyRNV UyXyeNV UyXy8eV UyXykkV UyXykRV UyXyekV UyXy89V

GQ;;2/ SQTmH�iBQM yXykR∗∗∗ yXyje∗∗∗ yXRyj∗∗∗ yXy3N∗∗∗ yXyk9∗∗∗ yXyR3∗∗∗ yXyjj∗∗∗ yXykR∗∗

UyXyyjV UyXyy9V UyXyRkV UyXyRRV UyXyy9V UyXyy9V UyXyRRV UyXyRyV

*QMbi�Mi kXRe9∗∗∗ RXd8R∗∗∗ −RXdyd∗∗∗ −RX8ej∗∗∗

UyXkRRV UyXRNkV UyXR3eV UyXRdyV

q�p2 61b u u u u u u u uP#b2`p�iBQMb 9d-9Ny 9j-kjk 9R-edN j8-d93 jd-NRj jj-Njy 8y-djd 9k-N3dGQ; GBF2HB?QQ/ −N-kyNX3ek −N-NedX9N3 −Ry-N8NXeey −Rk-jk3XyNy�F�BF2 AM7X *`BiX R3-9ejXdky RN-Nd3XNNy kR-N8NXjRy k9-eNeXR3y

LQi2, ∗T<yXRc ∗∗T<yXy8c ∗∗∗T<yXyR

_2;`2bbBQM ivT2 MQi2/ �#Qp2 +QHmKMbX ai�M/�`/ 2``Q`b BM T�`2Mi?2b2bX hrQ@i�BH2/ i@i2bibX �HH KQ/2Hb mb2bm`p2v r2B;?ibX

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q Lq q Lq q Lq q LqURV UkV UjV U9V U8V UeV UdV U3V

a2tBbK −yX893∗∗∗ −yX3kN∗∗∗ −RX9de∗∗∗ −kX8e9∗∗∗ −yXddj∗∗∗ −RXk9d∗∗∗ kXkkk∗∗∗ kXdjN∗∗∗

UyXyjRV UyXy98V UyXRy8V UyXR8RV UyXyj8V UyXy8yV UyXyN3V UyXRk9V

*QHH2;2 yXyd8∗∗∗ yXRjN∗∗∗ yXRdj∗∗∗ yXRkk∗ yXyke∗∗ yXy8e∗∗∗ yXkkk∗∗∗ −yXykyUyXyRRV UyXyR3V UyXy9RV UyXye9V UyXyRkV UyXykyV UyXyj9V UyXy8yV

.2KQ+`�i yXjkN∗∗∗ yXke8∗∗∗ yX9ke∗∗∗ yX988∗∗∗ yXkej∗∗∗ yXy39∗∗∗ −yXRyj∗∗ yXkdk∗∗∗

UyXyReV UyXyRNV UyXy8RV UyXyekV UyXyR3V UyXykjV UyXy8kV UyXy8NV

_2Tm#HB+�M −yXyeR∗∗∗ −yXydj∗∗∗ yXR3R∗∗∗ yXyNe −yXRkd∗∗∗ −yXR8k∗∗∗ yXRyN∗∗ yXjk9∗∗∗

UyXyR8V UyXykkV UyXy9dV UyXyeNV UyXyRdV UyXykeV UyXy8yV UyXye8V

*QMb2`p�iBp2 U8@Ti A/2QHQ;vV −yXR3N∗∗∗ −yXyN8∗∗∗ −yXRk9∗∗∗ yXy3d∗∗∗ −yXRe3∗∗∗ −yXy8N∗∗∗ −yXjyR∗∗∗ −yXkdy∗∗∗

UyXyyeV UyXyy3V UyXyRNV UyXykeV UyXyyeV UyXyyNV UyXyR8V UyXykRV

�;2 yXyRy∗∗∗ yXyyN∗∗∗ yXyRR∗∗∗ yXyy9∗∗ yXyyd∗∗∗ yXyyN∗∗∗ −yXyj3∗∗∗ −yXyky∗∗∗

UyXyyyjV UyXyyy8V UyXyyRV UyXyykV UyXyyyjV UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyRV

62K�H2 yXRd3∗∗∗ yXRNd∗∗∗ yXkek∗∗∗ yXR8N∗∗∗ yXRNy∗∗∗ yXkke∗∗∗ −yXRk3∗∗∗ −yXRdk∗∗∗

UyXyRyV UyXyR8V UyXyj9V UyXy9NV UyXyRRV UyXyReV UyXyjjV UyXy9yV

_�+BbK yXjR9∗∗∗ yXR9R∗∗∗ yXkk8∗∗∗ −yXked∗∗ yXRd9∗∗∗ −yXk9j∗∗∗ yX83j∗∗∗ RX9dd∗∗∗

UyXykRV UyXyj9V UyXydkV UyXRReV UyXyk9V UyXyj3V UyXydyV UyXyN8V

SQHBiB+�H AMi2`2bi −yXkRy∗∗∗ −yXRNy∗∗∗ −yXk8j∗∗∗ −yXk3e∗∗∗ −yXy8k∗∗∗ −yXy9N∗∗∗ −yXj9d∗∗∗ −yXRkk∗∗∗

UyXyyeV UyXyy3V UyXyR3V UyXykeV UyXyydV UyXyRyV UyXykRV UyXyk9V

>Qmb2?QH/ AM+QK2 yXyyk∗∗∗ yXyyR yXyRk∗∗∗ −yXyRk∗∗∗ yXyyy9 yXyy8∗∗∗ yXykR∗∗∗ yXyky∗∗∗

UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyjV UyXyy9V UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyykV UyXyyjV

lM2KTHQv2/ −yXye8∗∗∗ yXydj∗∗∗ −yXkRy∗∗∗ yXRjN∗ −yXy3R∗∗∗ −yXyyk yXRjd∗∗ −yXyR8UyXyR3V UyXykkV UyXy8jV UyXyd9V UyXykyV UyXyk8V UyXy89V UyXyeRV

GQ;;2/ SQTmH�iBQM yXyj9∗∗∗ yXyky∗∗∗ yXyde∗∗∗ yXRkj∗∗∗ yXykj∗∗∗ yXyR3∗∗∗ yXy9j∗∗∗ −yXyyeUyXyyjV UyXyy9V UyXyRyV UyXyR9V UyXyyjV UyXyy8V UyXyRyV UyXyRkV

*QMbi�Mi RXd8d∗∗∗ RXN83∗∗∗ −RXRkd∗∗∗ −kXjdy∗∗∗

UyXRdRV UyXk99V UyXR8eV UyXkykV

q�p2 61b u u u u u u u uP#b2`p�iBQMb ey-j98 jy-jdd 8j-yej k9-je9 93-Rde kj-eed e9-e8e kN-ye3GQ; GBF2HB?QQ/ −Rk-NeeX9Ry −e-Rk9X89d −R9-ekRX88y −3-88yXykj�F�BF2 AM7X *`BiX k8-NdeX3Ry Rk-kNjXyNy kN-k3jXyNy Rd-R9yXy9y

LQi2, ∗T<yXRc ∗∗T<yXy8c ∗∗∗T<yXyR

_2;`2bbBQM ivT2 MQi2/ �#Qp2 +QHmKMbX ai�M/�`/ 2``Q`b BM T�`2Mi?2b2bX hrQ@i�BH2/ i@i2bibX �HH KQ/2Hb mb2bm`p2v r2B;?ibX

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. _ . _ . _ . _URV UkV UjV U9V U8V UeV UdV U3V

a2tBbK −yX88j∗∗∗ −yXe8R∗∗∗ −RXddj∗∗∗ −RXdee∗∗∗ −RXRdN∗∗∗ −yXede∗∗∗ kX383∗∗∗ kXRd9∗∗∗

UyXy9jV UyXyj3V UyXR8jV UyXRk9V UyXy9dV UyXy9kV UyXRR8V UyXRRNV

*QHH2;2 yXy9y∗∗∗ yXRdj∗∗∗ −yXykd yXj8y∗∗∗ −yXyy9 yXyN9∗∗∗ yXRk8∗∗∗ yXR3N∗∗∗

UyXyR8V UyXyR9V UyXy83V UyXy8RV UyXyRdV UyXyR8V UyXy9kV UyXy99V

q?Bi2 −yXRd3∗∗∗ −yXky9∗∗∗ −yXykN yXyyR −yXy9R∗∗∗ −yXRek∗∗∗ −yXRjN∗∗∗ −yXRjy∗∗∗

UyXyR9V UyXyReV UyXy8RV UyXy8jV UyXyR8V UyXyR3V UyXyj3V UyXy9dV

*QMb2`p�iBp2 U8@Ti A/2QHQ;vV −yXyee∗∗∗ −yXkjj∗∗∗ yXRke∗∗∗ −yXR93∗∗∗ −yXyeN∗∗∗ −yXR9d∗∗∗ −yXj8d∗∗∗ −yXjRy∗∗∗

UyXyy3V UyXyydV UyXykdV UyXykkV UyXyy3V UyXyydV UyXykyV UyXyRdV

�;2 yXyRR∗∗∗ yXyy3∗∗∗ yXyy3∗∗∗ yXyRR∗∗∗ yXyRy∗∗∗ yXyy8∗∗∗ −yXyk3∗∗∗ −yXyj3∗∗∗

UyXyyy9V UyXyyy9V UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyy9V UyXyyy9V UyXyyRV UyXyyRV

62K�H2 yXRdj∗∗∗ yXR9k∗∗∗ yXRk8∗∗ yXR89∗∗∗ yXRdN∗∗∗ yXR38∗∗∗ −yXRy8∗∗∗ −yXR8k∗∗∗

UyXyR9V UyXyRkV UyXy8yV UyXy9kV UyXyR8V UyXyR9V UyXyj3V UyXy9yV

_�+BbK yXRNN∗∗∗ yX9RR∗∗∗ −yXjRN∗∗∗ yXke3∗∗∗ −yXRNR∗∗∗ yXk3j∗∗∗ RXR8y∗∗∗ yXd3y∗∗∗

UyXyjkV UyXyk8V UyXRR8V UyXy38V UyXyj8V UyXyk3V UyXy3dV UyXy3jV

SQHBiB+�H AMi2`2bi −yXjy9∗∗∗ −yXRjN∗∗∗ −yXj9k∗∗∗ −yXR3e∗∗∗ −yXRkR∗∗∗ yXyye −yXk99∗∗∗ −yXj99∗∗∗

UyXyy3V UyXyy3V UyXykdV UyXyk9V UyXyyNV UyXyyNV UyXyk9V UyXykdV

>Qmb2?QH/ AM+QK2 yXyy9∗∗∗ yXyyR yXyyR yXyyy8 yXyy8∗∗∗ yXyyy9 yXyke∗∗∗ yXyke∗∗∗

UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyy9V UyXyyjV UyXyyRV UyXyyRV UyXyyjV UyXyyjV

lM2KTHQv2/ yXy98∗∗ −yXy93∗∗ −yXkey∗∗∗ −yXy8k −yXyRN −yXy8j∗∗ yXRjj∗∗ −yXykNUyXykkV UyXykjV UyXydjV UyXydkV UyXykjV UyXykeV UyXyeyV UyXydjV

GQ;;2/ SQTmH�iBQM yXykR∗∗∗ yXy9y∗∗∗ yXy33∗∗∗ yXyNe∗∗∗ yXyR3∗∗∗ yXyk8∗∗∗ yXykk∗∗ yXyR8UyXyy9V UyXyy9V UyXyR9V UyXyRkV UyXyy9V UyXyy9V UyXyRRV UyXyRkV

*QMbi�Mi kXkdR∗∗∗ kXyje∗∗∗ −RXdjk∗∗∗ −yXdyd∗∗∗

UyXkjeV UyXkR3V UyXRd3V UyXRN3V

q�p2 61b u u u u u u u uP#b2`p�iBQMb jN-38e je-kje jj-d9e jk-eek jk-kyk kN-yNd 9y-ddR jN-9dNGQ; GBF2HB?QQ/ −e-8kjXjNN −3-99dXeky −Ry-jyRX8Ry −N-RjjX8jj�F�BF2 AM7X *`BiX Rj-y33X3yy Re-NjdXk9y ky-e9RXyjy R3-jy8Xyey

LQi2, ∗T<yXRc ∗∗T<yXy8c ∗∗∗T<yXyR

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URV UkV UjV U9Va2tBbK −yX8jd∗∗∗ −RXeN9∗∗∗ −yX39k∗∗∗ kXy99∗∗∗

UyXykeV UyXy3NV UyXyjyV UyXy3yV

*QHH2;2 yXy3N∗∗∗ yXR8y∗∗∗ yXyk3∗∗ yXR9k∗∗∗

UyXyRyV UyXyjeV UyXyRRV UyXykNV

q?Bi2 −yXR3d∗∗∗ −yXy93 −yXy3y∗∗∗ −yXR8R∗∗∗

UyXyRyV UyXyjjV UyXyRRV UyXyk3V

.2KQ+`�i yXkkd∗∗∗ yXj9e∗∗∗ yXRj8∗∗∗ yXkNR∗∗∗

UyXyRjV UyXy9jV UyXyR8V UyXy9jV

_2Tm#HB+�M yXyRj yXked∗∗∗ −yXy9y∗∗∗ −yXy3j∗

UyXyR9V UyXy9jV UyXyReV UyXy99V

*QMb2`p�iBp2 U8@Ti A/2QHQ;vV −yXR9R∗∗∗ −yXyke∗ −yXRRe∗∗∗ −yXjky∗∗∗

UyXyy8V UyXyR8V UyXyy8V UyXyRkV

�;2 yXyyN∗∗∗ yXyyd∗∗∗ yXyyd∗∗∗ −yXyjy∗∗∗

UyXyyyjV UyXyyRV UyXyyyjV UyXyyRV

62K�H2 yXRed∗∗∗ yXRNk∗∗∗ yXR33∗∗∗ −yXRy9∗∗∗

UyXyy3V UyXykNV UyXyyNV UyXykeV

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UyXyR3V UyXyejV UyXykyV UyXy8dV

SQHBiB+�H AMi2`2bi −yXkye∗∗∗ −yXk39∗∗∗ −yXyeR∗∗∗ −yXkkd∗∗∗

UyXyy8V UyXyReV UyXyyeV UyXyRdV

>Qmb2?QH/ AM+QK2 yXyyk∗∗ yXyyk yXyyk∗∗∗ yXykk∗∗∗

UyXyyRV UyXyykV UyXyyRV UyXyykV

lM2KTHQv2/ −yXyky −yXRy8∗∗ −yXy88∗∗∗ yXy33∗∗

UyXyR9V UyXy98V UyXyReV UyXy9jV

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UyXyyjV UyXyyNV UyXyyjV UyXyy3V

S`2b �TT`Qp�H −yXRky∗∗∗ −yXR88∗∗∗ −yXRk9∗∗∗ yXjdd∗∗∗

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