jackson - icsr 2014

A comparison of restoration breeding methods for the Olympia oyster,

Ostrea lurida

Katherine Jackson1, Brent Vadopalas1, Brian Allen2, and Steven Roberts1 1School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington 2Puget Sound Restoration Fund

Outline •  Background • Methods •  Results •  Effective number of breeders (Nb) •  Relatedness •  Differentiation

• Conclusion • Questions

Marxfoods.com

Why are we doing this? • Native oyster to the west coast with historically

high population sizes •  Dramatic decrease due to over-harvestation and habitat

degradation

•  In order to restore, hatchery supplementation is necessary •  The goal is to emulate wild diversity as closely as

possible

Outline •  Background • Methods •  Results •  Relatedness •  Effective number of breeders (Nb) •  Differentiation


Marxfoods.com

Methods • Analyzed 7 known microsatellite loci on: •  93 wild O. lurida •  96 restoration from PSRF •  A combination of two different years and breeding

methods

•  93 commercial from Taylor Shellfish

Cory and Catska Ench



Marxfoods.com

Number of Effective Breeders Population Estimated number

of parents Nb

Wild 65 64.98

Restoration 71 70.65

Population Estimated number of parents

Nb

Wild 65 64.98

Restoration 71 70.65

Commercial 63 62.98

Nb =4N f Nm

(N f + Nm )

Relatedness Population Individuals Full Sibling

Pairs Proportion full sibs

Wild 93 6 0.0014

Restoration 96 9 0.0020

Population Individuals Full Sibling Pairs

Proportion full sibs

Wild 93 6 0.0014

Restoration 96 9 0.0020

Commercial 93 4 0.00094

•  This shows the estimated number of alleles in the population •  Averaged between all 7 loci

Rarefaction

0

5

10

15

20

0 30 60 90 120 150

Ave

rag

e n

um

be

r of a

llele

s

Number of individuals

Wild

•  This shows the estimated number of alleles in the population •  Averaged between all 7 loci •  Commercial has significantly higher allelic richness than Wild

Rarefaction

16

18

20

0 30 60 90 120 150

Ave

rag

e n

um

be

r of a

llele

s

Number of individuals

Wild

Restoration

Commercial

•  Frequency of each allele for each population •  Can look at overall trends of frequency between populations •  We want the wild and restoration frequencies to be as similar as possible

0.00

0.04

0.08

0.12

0.16

263 267 271 275 279 283 287 291 295 299 303 307

Fre

qu

en

cy

Allele

Allele Frequency for Olur13

Wild

Restoration

Commercial

Genic differentiation

Chi2 df P-value

Wild vs. Restoration 31.33 14 0.005

Wild vs. Commercial 15.41 14 0.35

•  This is the strongest test that I have •  The wild and restoration groups ARE significantly different •  Wild and commercial are NOT detected to be different



Marxfoods.com

Conclusion •  The restoration population is significantly different

than the wild population •  Commercial is not significantly different than the wild

population

• How did this happen? •  Biology of the animals •  Numbers?....

•  1 breeding group is 12 individuals x 12 individuals

•  50-3,600 discrete pairings

Restoration Commercial 30

0 in

div

idu

als

300 individuals 600 individuals

600

ind

ivid

ua

ls

•  No breeding groups •  2-360,000 discrete pairings




0 in

div

idu

als


600

ind

ivid

ua

ls




0 in

div

idu

als


600

ind

ivid

ua

ls

•  No breeding groups •  2-360,000 discrete pairings

Future Work •  This experiment will be repeated by PSRF next spring •  Two wild populations and their offspring

Pacificbio.org

Thank you!! • University of Washington •  Roberts lab • Crystal Simchick – NOAA • Derek King – PSRF •  Taylor Shellfish

Questions?