Jacobean Politics & ReligionJames’ Personal Style

Royal Favorites: Carr, Villiers

Alienation of Court & Country

Continued Tension with Parliament

Early Stuart CatholicismPolitical LoyaltyDistance from Rome

Early Stuart ProtestantismDivisions Puritan &

“Anglican”The Synod of Dort

Conflict with the StatePuritan AusterityJames’ Book of Sports

The Great Puritan MigrationThe Early Years, Goals,

Character

An early Jacobean Satire, referring to the Western Expansion of London

James’ Personal StyleRoyal Favorites

Robert Carr, Scot; E. Somerset, 1613King’s Ear; Competition for

Support

M. to Frances Howard (Essex)Overbury Scandal; Fall ‘14/5

George Villiers, Son of a Gent.; From ‘14

K.G. & Viscount, ‘16; Earl, ’17Marquess, ‘18; Duke of Buck.,

‘23Monopoly of Power/Patronage

Alienation of Court & CountryNoble Powerbrokers ExcludedBuckingham’s Greed, Hubris

Continued Tension with Parlia.Anti-Howard in Addled Parl., ’14Finance/For. Policy in Parl., ‘21

Villiers, by Peter Paul Rubens, 1625; Florence

Early Stuart CatholicismPolitical Loyalty

Post-Gunpowder LegislationLess Militant (Invasion)Spanish DeclineStrength in Wealth >

Numbers

Distance from RomeLess Support for the Mission

Opposition to JesuitsHopes for TolerationConformist Catholicism

Towards QuietismContinuity of English

CommunityCharles’ Marriage

Prospects

The Gunpowder ConspiratorsA Last Gasp of English Catholic Militancy

Early Stuart ProtestantismDivisions Puritan & “Anglican”

Moderate to Extreme PuritanismDominance of Calvinist Doctrines

Esp. PredestinationGeorge Abbot, Abp. Cant., 1611-33Anti-Calvinists; Church of EnglandLancelot Andrewes, Bp. WinchesterRichard Hooker’s Lawes of Eccl. PolityEpiscopacy/Hierarchy/Establishment

The Synod of Dort, 1618-9Arminianism, Anti-CalvinismRemonstrance of 1610; Vorstius AffairJames’ Affirmation of Calvinism at DortOrthodoxy’s TULIP vs. Universal Grace

Total Depravity; Unconditional Election; Limited Atonement; Irresistible Grace; Perseverance of the Saints

George Abbot, 1623; NPG

Conflict with the StatePuritan Austerity

Keeping the Sabbath HolySabbatarianism

Strict DisciplineIndependency/Separatism

Puritan Dissenters; Henry Jacob

James’ Book of Sports, 1618Encouraged Sunday ActivitiesConvert Catholics; Protestantism is

Fun!Recusants Not Allowed

Prevent Rebellion; Stress ReleasePreservation of the Realm

(Defense)Archery, VaultingDancing; DrinkingBut No Bear/Bull-baiting, Bowling

James’ Publication; Reprinted ‘33

The Great Puritan MigrationThe Early Years

Prior Attempts: ‘83, ‘84-7, ’07Religious Flight/Exile

Plymouth Colony, ’20William Bradford, Governor

GoalsCreation of a Godly SocietyReformation of MoralsEschatological Ideas

City on a Hill (Matthew 5:14)New Jerusalem (Rev. 3:12, 21:2)

Liberty/Freedom of Conscience

CharacterFamily, Prayer, Righteousness

Make-peace, Zeal-for-the-lord, Flee-fornication, The-Lord-is-near, What-God-Will, No-merit, Sorry-for-sin, Sin-deny, Meek, Reformation

John Winthrop, aboard the Arabella, 1630

“[W]ee shall finde that the God of Israell is among us, when tenn of us shall be able to resist a thousand of our enemies, when hee shall make us a prayse and glory, that men shall say of succeeding plantacions: the lord make it like that of New England: for wee must Consider that wee shall be as a Citty upon a Hill, the eies of all people are uppon us; soe that if wee shall deale falsely with our god in this worke wee have undertaken . . . wee shall be made a story and a byword through the world . . . wee shall shame the faces of many of gods worthy servants, and cause theire prayers to be turned into Cursses upon us till wee be consumed out of the good land whether wee are going.”

Seal of the Mass. Bay ColonyNote the quotation: “Come over and help vs”